PRESSURE / VACUUM BLOWER PACKAGE · displacement blower, the motor and the integrity of the system controls. Provided, as standard equipment on all of our blower packages is a mechanical

CAMCORP, Inc.Phone: 913-831-0740 ~ Fax: 913-831-9271

www.camcorpinc.com

PRESSURE / VACUUM BLOWER PACKAGE

INSTRUCTION, OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

CAMCORP, Inc. Phone: 913-831-0740 ~ Fax: 913-831-9271

www.camcorpinc.com

TABLE OF CONTENTS

General Information -------------------------------------------------2

Principle of Operation -----------------------------------------------3

Installation ------------------------------------------------------------4

Start-Up------------------------------------------------------------- 5-6

Maintenance ----------------------------------------------------------7

Troubleshooting ------------------------------------------------------8

NOTE:

It is the owner’s responsibility to maintain the safety features included with this equipment. The safety features may include, but not necessarily be limited to: guards, access doors and covers, explosion vents, warning decals, caution decals, and advisory decals. Replacement features are available from CAMCORP.

1

2

CAMCORP, Inc.

Phone: 913-831-0740 ~ Fax: 913-831-9271

www.camcorpinc.com

GENERAL COMMENTS:

CAMCORP supplies air pump packages comprised of positive displacement blowers manufactured by various companies. A Service Manual for your specific blower is included as an inset in this manual. For specific maintenance and lubrication information, please refer to this insert.

-READ & UNDERSTAND SAFETY DECALS-

Installation and Operation Cautions:

Be sure that the motor is wired for correct rotation; some models of blower are unidirectional and damage could occur if rotation is reversed. Refer to certified drawing or consult CAMCORP representative for rotation.

Blowers are shipped without lubrication oil, do not operate before lubrication.

All system piping must be clean internally before connecting to blower.

Check lubrication level only when blower is stopped.

Keep inlet and inline filters clean.

Keep belts properly tensioned and aligned.

Use of a check valve on pressure and combination packages will prevent reversing of blower on shutdown.

Keep pressure and/or vacuum relief valves in good condition so that maximum pressure or vacuum is not exceeded.

Never attempt to regulate airflow by restricting intake or exhaust of a positive displacement blower.

3

CAMCORP, Inc.

Phone: 913-831-0740 ~ Fax: 913-831-9271

www.camcorpinc.com

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

CAMCORP blower packages are set up to provide air to a pressure conveying system or vacuum required for a negative pressure system. Typically the positive displacement blower used on such a package is not capable of supplying air to a pressure higher then 15 psig or vacuum greater then 14” Hg. Depending on the specific blower, it may have a maximum pressure or vacuum capability of somewhat less than that. Because of limitations involved, the blower, motor and line size of the system must be designed specifically to meet the requirements of the system.

Because of the tight clearances used in the design and manufacture of the PD blowers, they require filtered intake air. Proper maintenance of the intake filter will help insure a long service life for your blower.

We recommend you give consideration to building certain precautions into your system. Due to unforeseen circumstances your system may at some point experience an upset condition. By allowing for this when setting up your system, you may minimize the affect of such an occurrence. Three major areas should be considered: the positive displacement blower, the motor and the integrity of the system controls.

Provided, as standard equipment on all of our blower packages is a mechanical relief valve, which is factory set at or below the pressure or vacuum limit of the specific blower. This protects the blower from overheating because flow is decreasing if a line plugs or valve closes at the wrong time. This type of blower is not designed to run at zero airflow.

A properly sized and installed motor starter provides protection for your motor. Hire a qualified electrician to design and install the electrical service to your system.

The integrity of the controls for your system can usually best be maintained during an upset condition by proper use of a pressure or vacuum switch. A pressure/vacuum switch set two to three PSI/Hg. above the expected operating pressure of your system will allow a high pressure or vacuum signal to initiate a preventative action. Check with CAMCORP for expected operating pressure. This may involve stopping the infeed or material to the system to allow it a certain time to clear itself or it may be as simple as triggering an alarm to alert an operation to the condition.

Caution must be taken to be sure that any steps initiated by such an upset condition does not create a problem or even a hazard elsewhere in your process. For example, your upstream equipment may need to be shut down in a very specific sequence. In any case, you need to analyze the affect on your complete process before establishing the actions initiated by an upset condition.

4

CAMCORP, Inc.

Phone: 913-831-0740 ~ Fax: 913-831-9271

www.camcorpinc.com

INSTALLATION

CAMCORP’s positive displacement blower package consists of a positive displacement blower, a vertical or horizontal frame assembly, a motor, take-up table, or motor slide rails, V-belt drive and belt guard, an air intake or inline filter, intake and discharge silencer, a pressure or vacuum relief valve preset at the maximum pressure or vacuum rating of the blower, flexible connections, a check valve (pressure blower assemblies only), pressure/vacuum gauge and pressure or vacuum switch. (Vacuum blower package does not include an inlet silencer as a standard offering)

Assembly may be accomplished through the following:

1. Locate and anchor the blower base assembly in its permanent location.

2. Check all bolted connections for tightness.

3. Check belts for proper tightness.

4. Zero out pressure or vacuum gauge.

5. Set pressure on pressure/vacuum switch to correct setting.

Lubrication:

CAMCORP uses positive displacement blowers from several manufacturers. General lubrication information is given in the Maintenance Section; for specific information on your positive displacement blower, see the manufacturers manual included with this manual.

CAUTION: All blowers are shipped dry from the factory. Do not attempt to run the blower before following proper lubrication instructions as permanent damage to the gears, bearings and seals will occur.


www.camcorpinc.com

LOCKOUT / TAGOUT BEFORE PRE – STARTUP CHECK

PRE – START-UP CHECK LIST:

A. Check alignment of the drive and tension of the belts.

B. Make sure that the blower and all conveying lines are free of foreign material.

C. Check pressure relief valve to be sure they are unrestricted.

D. Check that the blower has been properly lubricated according to the manufacturers insert.

E. Check the breather-filters on the blower for proper installation.

F. Turn the blower over by hand to be sure there is no binding.

CAUTION

At this time replace all guards and covers making sure they are securely in place before operating the unit. Never attempt to perform any maintenance on the air pump, drive or conveying system while pump is in operation. System power must be disconnected and locked out prior to servicing.

START-UP

A. Bump the motor to check for: ! Freedom of rotation ! Proper blower rotation

B. Start unit and operation for fifteen minutes with no load, checking for hot spots, noise and other indications of interference. Allow pump to cool to room temperature and recheck oil level. Add oil if necessary being careful not to overfill.

C. Start unit and apply load, observe operation for the first hour, monitor pressure/vacuum and air temperature at outlet of the blower.

D. Check all connections for air leaks.

5

6

CAMCORP, Inc.

Phone: 913-831-0740 ~ Fax: 913-831-9271

www.camcorpinc.com

E. Check the amp draw of the motor to be sure that the full load amp rating is not exceeded. See motor nameplate.

! Do not operate blower beyond manufacturers recommended limits.

! Be aware that there are also minimum recommended RPM limitations below which adequate lubrication will not be maintained.

! Consult the manufacturers insert or factory for the specific limits for this blower.

7

CAMCORP, Inc.

Phone: 913-831-0740 ~ Fax: 913-831-9271

www.camcorpinc.com

MAINTENANCE

A. Check oil level daily

B. Refer to the general lubrication guidelines in this manual for recommended frequency of oil change and type of oil. For more specific information on blower maintenance and lubrication see the manufacturer’s insert (manual) accompanying this manual.

C. Clean the intake or inline filter every 40 hours or more often if dust conditions are severe. The filter element is washable using luke warm water with mild detergent.

D. Check the drive belts for tension after the first 24 hours of operations and every 100 hours thereafter. Sheaves and belts should be inspected every 200 hours.

E. Silencers should be inspected periodically for: 1) being plugged, 2) corrosion, 3) oil coating (discharge silencers) and for any deterioration.


www.camcorpinc.com

TROUBLESHOOTING POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT ROTARY BLOWERS

Symptom

Noisiness

Possible Causes

Rotor-to Rotor Contact

Failing Bearing (s)

Failing Gears

Failing Lubricated Coupling or Joint

Loose Attached Hardware

Air Leakage

8

Possible Sources

Rust Build up or Rotors Rotors Our of Time Excessive Pressure Ratio Failed Bearings (s) Failed Gears

Faulty Installation Non-spec Oil Contaminated Oil Insufficient Oil Improperly Mounted Sheave Over-tightened Belts

Insufficient Backlash Non-spec Oil Contaminated Oil Insufficient Oil Sever Torsional Vibration

Non-spec Grease Contaminated Grease Insufficient Grease

Belt Guard Pump Mounting Bracket Frame Members In/Out Piping Supports

Improper Relief Valve Setting Blown Gaskets Loose Piping Joints


www.camcorpinc.com

Symptom

Poor Performance

Possible Causes

Belt Flutter

Restricted Inlet

Down Stream Restriction

Erroneous Pressure or Vacuum Indication

Air Leakage

Insufficient Rotor Speed

Excessive Rotor Clearances

Change in Conveyed Material

9

Possible Sources

Insufficient Static Tension Sheave Misalignment Sever Torsional Vibration

Clogged Filter Element Collapsed Inlet Hose

Clogged Dust Filter Undersized Dust Filter Faulty Check Plate Improperly Installed Check Plate

Loose Gauge Connection Gauge Movement Damaged Gauge Inaccurately Calibrated

Improper Relief Valve Setting Blown Gaskets Loose Piping Joints

Wrong Sheave Set Wrong Motor Speed Slipping Belts

Abrasive Wear of Rotor Surfaces Rotor “Lag” Timed

Material More Difficult to Fluidize Material of Higher Density Moisture Content of Material Too High


www.camcorpinc.com

Symptom

Leaking Oil

Chronic Fuse Blowing or Circuit Breaking

Overheating

Possible Causes

Failed Oil Seals

End Cover Seams Not Tight

Oil Foaming

Excessive Motor Amperage

Underrated Fuses

Premature Heater Strip Actuation

Excessive Pressure Ratio

Insufficient Rotor Speed

10

Possible Sources

Foreign Material in Seal Bores Faulty Installation Non-spec Oil Contaminated Oil Overheated Rotor Shafts

Bolts Loose Gaskets Torn

Non-spec Oil Oil Cavities Overfilled

Excessive Pressure Ratio Excessive Pump Speed Line Voltage Drop Air Density Increase Loose Electrical Connections Foreign Material in Air Box

Unusually High Ambient Temperature Underrated Heater Strips

Clogged Filter Element Collapsed Inlet Hose Clogged Dust Vent Filter Undersized Dust Vent Filter Clogged Diffusion Pads Faulty Check Plate Improperly Installed Check Plate

Wrong Sheave Set Wrong Motor Speed Slipping Belts


www.camcorpinc.com

Pressure and vacuum switches contain one or two single pole, double throw switches rated (continuous inductive) for 10 amps at 125 or 250 volts or 3 amps at 480 volts.

The installation and use of this electrical apparatus must be in accordance with the national electrical code and any other applicable local codes and ordinances.

Standard motors supplied by CAMCORP will be 230/460 volt, 3 phase, 60 cycle and control circuits will be 110 volt, single phase, 60 cycle.

Pressure or Vacuum Switch Adjustments: Turn adjustment screw clockwise to lower actuation point.

11

B-12X95April 2002

ROOTS

U-RAI®rotary positive blowers/exhausters

Copyright 2002 Dresser,Inc. All rights reserved.ROOTS is a trademark of Dresser, Inc.Universal RAI and URAI are registered Trademarks of Dresser, Inc.All information subject to change without notice.

Greater pressuwith proven

Versatile, reliableROOTSTM Univers

Remarkably adaptableYou can mount the Universal RAI®

blower upside down or rightside up,with vertical or horizontal flow, andwith the drive shaft rotating in eitherdirection. With 17 frame sizes tochoose from, you have the perfectblower to fit your application withlittle or no modification.

More performance, tooNow the Universal RAI® line-up hasa broader range and is more ruggedthan ever, with flows to 2460 CFM,vacuums to 16" Hg and pressures to15 PSIG. You get a blower that notonly fits but gives you the bestperformance in its class.

Copyright 2002 Dresser,Inc. All rights reserved.ROOTS is a trademark of Dresser, Inc.

Universal RAI and URAI are registered Trademarks of Dresser, Inc.All information subject to change without notice.

ssure and flowen reliability

ersal RAI® blowerFITS your application

Low costThe ROOTS Universal RAI® line ofblowers is designed with the latestengineering technology and built usingthe most modern manufacturingprocesses. This results in cost savingswe can pass along to you. This genuineROOTS blower can actually cost lessthan ordinary competitive units.

Built-in reliabilityEach Universal RAI® is precisionmachined on the latest CNCequipment, assuring close tolerancesbetween the impellers, casing andheadplates to minimize “slippage” of air,improving efficiency and reliability.ROOTS exclusive “Figure 8” gearboxdesign improves oil distribution andlengthens bearing and gear life.Oversize anti-friction bearings supportthe shaft, and, on the drive, cylindricalroller bearings will resist V-belt pull andextend service life.

Fast deliveryThanks to over 45 stocking centersthroughout North America, you’ll geton-time delivery. You can scheduleproduction, reduce your inventory,anticipate your costs —and meet yourdeadlines.

Better serviceWith nearly 100 sales and distributionlocations, only ROOTS can offer thekind of responsive service andapplications assistance that theindustry’s largest service networkprovides.

Iron-clad warrantyROOTS is the leader in warranties,too — the first to introduce a full 2year warranty. We’ll protect you oryour customer for a full 24 monthsafter start-up, not to exceed 30months after shipment.


1. Exclusive gearbox design“Figure 8” gearbox actually improves oil distribution for longer gearand bearing life with smoother operation.

2. Taper mounted timing gearsCarburized and ground alloy steel gears are precision machinedand taper fitted to alloy steel shafts, eliminating the need forunreliable timing pins.

3. Original ROOTS impeller designDynamically balanced ROOTS impellers are center-timed to alloweither clockwise or counterclockwise rotation.

4. Long-life anti-friction bearingsOversize cylindrical roller bearings at the drive shaft handle v-beltstress; all bearing points are engineered for long service life.

You get increased performance through ROOTS’extensive improvement program and life testing.

Here’s how…

Vertical Gear End Drive Shaft Bottom Drive Shaft on TopVERTICAL MOUNTING

(Horizontal air flow)6

45

3



Two “Figure 8” lobe impellers, mounted onparallel shafts, rotate in opposite directions. Aseach impeller passes the blower inlet, it trapsdefinite volume of air and carries it around thecase to the blower outlet, where the air isdischarged. With constant speed operation, thedisplaced volume is essentially the sameregardless of pressure, temperature or barometricpressure.

Timing gears control the relative position ofimpellers to each other and maintain small butdefinite clearances. This allows operation withoutlubrication inside the air casing.

Operating Principle

Horizontal Gear End Drive Shaft on Left Drive Shaft on RightHORIZONTAL MOUNTING

(Vertical air flow)

5. Versatile mountingYou can mount the Universal RAI® in multiplepositions to accommodate your specific needs.With your choice of 17 frame sizes, there’s aUniversal RAI that fits right into your OEM orreplacement application.

2

1

4

65

6. Rugged steel mounting feetThe Universal RAI can be easily changedfrom horizontal flow to vertical flow using thesame mounting feet. They’re eveninterchangeable with the mounting holes ofcompetitive Roots-type blowers.


Performance SpecificationsUniversal RAI® Pressure Table

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Universal RAI® Vacuum Table


Dresser, Inc.

website: www.rootsblower.com • email: [email protected]

Dresser ROOTS2135 Hwy 6 SouthHouston, TX 77077PH: 281-966-4700FX: 281-966-4309Toll Free: 1-877-363-ROOT(S)

Dresser ROOTS - Connersville900 West Mount StreetConnersville, IN 47331PH: 765-827-9200FX: 765-827-9266

Dresser ROOTS , Holmes OperationPO Box B7Off St. Andrews RdTurnbridge, HuddersfieldEngland HD1 6RBPH: +44-1484-422222FX: +44-1484-422668

B-12X95April 2002

Frame Sizes

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23 52.7 57.6 52.11 00.5 05.8 00.5 18.21 88.8 57.7 31.21 57.6 057. 490.x881. TPN52.1 57.1 96

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65 05.01 00.11 00.81 52.6 52.11 57.6 83.71 52.21 00.11 52.71 57.8 521.1 521.x052. TPN0.4 05.2 071

95 05.01 00.41 81.12 52.6 52.11 57.6 83.71 52.21 00.11 52.71 57.8 521.1 521.x052. TPN0.4 05.2 402

56 *00.11 00.01 83.81 57.8 57.41 57.8 36.12 31.51 57.21 57.91 57.11 573.1 651.x213. TPN0.3 00.3 542

86 *00.11 00.31 83.12 57.8 57.41 57.8 36.12 31.51 57.21 57.91 57.11 573.1 651.x213. TPN0.5 00.3 582

516 *00.11 00.02 83.82 57.8 57.41 57.8 36.12 52.61 00.51 57.91 57.11 573.1 651.x213. GLF0.6 00.3 524

67 **00.41 57.11 49.91 00.11 00.81 00.11 31.62 96.02 83.91 52.32 05.41 265.1 881.x573. TPN0.4 05.3 004

117 **00.41 57.61 91.52 00.11 00.81 00.11 31.62 05.91 00.71 52.32 05.41 265.1 881.x573. GLF0.6 05.3 035

817 **00.41 57.32 91.23 00.11 00.81 00.11 31.62 05.91 00.71 52.32 05.41 265.1 881.x573. GLF0.8 05.3 056

*17.00 in horizontal configuration All dimensions in inches**21.00 in horizontal configuration

S P E C I F I C A T I O N S

S-12K84

OPERATING PRINCIPLE

ROOTSTM Universal RAIRotary Positive BlowersFrames 22 thru 718

Two figure-eight lobe impellers mounted on parallel shafts rotate in opposite directions.As each impeller passes the blower inlet, it traps a definite volume of air and carries it aroundthe case to the blower outlet, where the air is discharged. With constant speed operation, thedisplaced volume is essentially the same regardless of pressure, temperature or barometricpressure.

Timing gears control the relative position of the impellers to each other and maintainsmall but definite clearances. This allows operation without lubrication being required insidethe gas casing.

BASIC BLOWER DESCRIPTIONUniversal RAI blowers are heavy duty

rotary blowers designed with detachablerugged steel mounting feet, which permit easyin-field adaptability to either vertical orhorizontal installation requirements.

Because of the detachable mountingfeet, these units can be easily adapted to anyof four drive shaft positions - right hand, lefthand, bottom or top. The compact, sturdydesign is engineered for continuous servicewhen operated in accordance with speed andpressure ratings.

The basic model consists of a castiron casing, carburized and ground alloy steelspur timing gears secured to steel shafts witha taper mounting and locknut, and cast ironinvolute impellers. Oversized antifrictionbearings are used, with a cylindrical rollerbearing at the drive shaft to withstand V-beltpull. The Universal RAI features thrust control,with splash oil lube on the gear end and greaselube on the drive end. After standard tests,the unit is sprayed with a protective paint andboxed or placed on skids.

Available accessories include driver,relief valve, inlet and discharge silencer, inletfilter, check valve, extended base, V-belt orflexible coupling and drive guards.

POSITION 1 POSITION 2 POSITION 3 POSITION 4

OUTLINE DRAWING & DIMENSIONAL TABLE

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Dresser, Inc.

website: www.rootsblower.com • email: [email protected]

Dresser ROOTS2135 Hwy 6 SouthHouston, TX 77077PH: 281-966-4700FX: 281-966-4309Toll Free: 1-877-363-ROOT(S)

Dresser ROOTS - Connersville900 West Mount StreetConnersville, IN 47331PH: 765-827-9200FX: 765-827-9266

S-12K84April 2002

Dresser ROOTS, Holmes OperationPO Box B7Off St. Andrews RdTurnbridge, HuddersfieldEngland HD1 6RBPH: +44-1484-422222FX: +44-1484-422668

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4.6

2002 Dresser, Inc.ROOTS and Universal RAI are trademarks of Dresser, Inc.All information subject to change without notice.

ROOTSROOTSROOTSBLOWERS EXHAUSTERS COMPRESSORS

™™

INSTALLATION OPERATION MAINTENANCE

❏ In event of trouble during installation or operation,do not attempt repairs of ROOTS furnished equipment. Notify ROOTS, giving all nameplate information plus an outline of operating conditions and a description of the trouble. Unauthorized attempts at equipment repair may void ROOTSwarranty.

❏ Units out of warranty may be repaired or adjusted by the owner. It is recommended that such work be limited to the operations described in this manual, using ROOTS™ parts. Good inspection and maintenance practices should reduce the need for repairs.

NOTE: Information in this manual is correct as of thedate of publication. ROOTS reserves the right to makedesign or material changes without notice, and withoutobligation to make similar changes on equipment ofprior manufacture.

For your nearest ROOTS Office, dial our CustomerService Hot Line toll free; 1 877 363 ROOT(S) (7668)or direct 281-966-4700.

DO THESE THINGS TO GET THE MOST FROM YOUR ROOTS™ BLOWER

CONTENTS

INFORMATION SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . 1

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

OPERATING LIMITATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 2

INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

LUBRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS ..............8

❏ Check shipment for damage. If found, file claim with carrier and notify ROOTS.

❏ Unpack shipment carefully, and check contents against Packing List. Notify ROOTS if a shortage appears.

❏ Store in a clean, dry location until ready for installation. Lift by methods discussed under INSTALLATION to avoid straining or distorting the equipment. Keep covers on all openings. Protect against weather and corrosion if outdoor storage is necessary.

❏ Read OPERATING LIMITATIONS and INSTALLATION sections in this manual and plan the complete installation.

❏ Provide for adequate safeguards against accidents to persons working on or near the equipment during both installation and operation. See SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.

❏ Install all equipment correctly. Foundation design must be adequate and piping carefully done. Use recommended accessories for operating protection.

❏ Make sure both driving and driven equipment iscorrectly lubricated before start-up.See LUBRICATION.

❏ Read starting check points under OPERATION. Runequipment briefly to check for installation errors and make corrections. Follow with a trial run under normal operating conditions.

TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

MAINTENANCE/REPLACEMENTSUNIVERSAL RAI® SERIES BLOWERS ...........10RAM™ SERIES BLOWERS .........................14

FIGURES ...........................................18

TABLES .............................................22

ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS .........................26

PARTS LIST .......................................31

US $3.00, Canada $4.50

IRB-180-102Rev. 12/02

UNIVERSAL RAI® & RAM™ SERIES

ROOTS™ products are sold subject

to the current General terms of

Sale, GTS-5001 and Warranty

Policy WP-5020. Copies are

available upon request.

Contact your local ROOTS Office

or ROOTS Customer Service

Hot Line 1.877.363.ROOT(S) (7668).

2For your nearest ROOTS Office, dial our Customer Service Hot Line 1 877 363 ROOTS (7668).

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

It is important that all personnel observe safety precautions to minimize the chances of injury.Among many considerations, the following should be particularly noted:

• Blower casing and associated piping or accessoriesmay become hot enough to cause major skin burnson contact.

• Internal and external rotating parts of the blowerand driving equipment can produce serious physicalinjuries. Do not reach into any opening in theblower while it is operating, or while subject toaccidental starting. Protect external moving partswith adequate guards.

• Disconnect power before doing any work, and avoidbypassing or rendering inoperative any safety orprotective devices.

• If blower is operated with piping disconnected,place a strong coarse screen over the inlet andavoid standing in the discharge air stream.CAUTION: Never cover the blower inlet withyour hand or other part of body.

• Stay clear of open inlet piping (suction area) ofpressure blowers, and the open discharge blastfrom vacuum blowers.

• Stay clear of the blast from pressure relief valvesand the suction area of vacuum relief valves.

• Use proper care and good procedures in handling,lifting, installing, operating and maintaining theequipment.

• Casing pressure must not exceed 25 PSI(1725 mbar) gauge. Do not pressurize ventedcavities from an external source, nor restrict thevents without first consulting ROOTS.

• Do not use air blowers on explosive orhazardous gases.

• Other potential hazards to safety may also beassociated with operation of this equipment. Allpersonnel working in or passing through the areashould be trained to exercise adequate generalsafety precautions.

OPERATING LIMITATIONS

A ROOTS™ blower or exhauster must be operated within certain approved limiting conditions to enablecontinued satisfactory performance. Warranty is contingent on such operation.

Maximum limits for pressure, temperature and speedare specified in TABLE 1 for various models & sizes of blowers & exhausters. These limits apply to all unitsof normal construction, when operated under standard atmospheric conditions. Be sure to arrangeconnections or taps for thermometers and pressure or vacuum gauges at or near the inlet and discharge connections of the unit. These, along with a goodtachometer, will enable periodic checks of operating conditions.

PRESSURE – The pressure rise, between inlet anddischarge, must not exceed the figure listed for thespecific unit frame size concerned. Also, in any systemwhere the unit inlet is at a positive pressure aboveatmosphere a maximum case rating of 25 PSI gauge(1725 mbar) should not be exceeded without first consulting the ROOTS. Never should the maximumallowable differential pressure be exceeded.

On vacuum service, with the discharge to atmosphericpressure, the inlet suction or vacuum must not begreater than values listed for the specific frame size.

TEMPERATURE – Blower & exhauster frame sizes areapproved only for installations where the following temperature limitations can be maintained in service:

• Measured temperature rise must not exceed listedvalues when the inlet is at ambient temperature.Ambient is considered as the general temperatureof the space around the unit. This is not outdoortemperature unless the unit is installed outdoors.

• If inlet temperature is higher than ambient, thelisted allowable temperature rise values must bereduced by 2/3 of the difference between theactual measured inlet temperature and theambient temperature.

• The average of the inlet and discharge temperaturemust not exceed 250°F. (121°C).

SPEED – These blowers & exhausters may be operated at speeds up to the maximum listed for the various frame sizes. They may be direct coupled to suitable constant speed drivers if pressure/tempera-ture conditions are also within limits. At low speeds,excessive temperature rise may be a limiting factor.

Special Note: The listed maximum allowable tempera-ture rise for any particular blower & exhauster mayoccur well before its maximum pressure or vacuum rating is reached. This may occur at high altitude, lowvacuum or at very low speed. The units’ operating limitis always determined by the maximum rating reachedfirst. It can be any one of the three: Pressure,Temperature or Speed.

3 ©2002 Dresser, Inc. all rights reserved.ROOTS, RAM, URAI and WHISPAIR are trademarks of Dresser, Inc.

Dresser Design and Universal RAI are registered trademarks of Dresser, Inc.

ROOTS™ blowers & exhausters are treated after factoryassembly to protect against normal atmospheric corrosion. The maximum period of internal protection is considered to be one year under average conditions,if shipping plugs & seals are not removed. Protectionagainst chemical or salt water atmosphere is not provided. Avoid opening the unit until ready to startinstallation, as corrosion protection will be quickly lostdue to evaporation.

If there is to be an extended period between installa-tion and start up, the following steps should be taken to ensure corrosion protection.

❏ Coat internals of cylinder, gearbox and drive end bearing reservoir with Nox-Rust VCI-10 or equivalent. Repeat once a year or as conditions may require. Nox-Rust VCI-10 is petroleum soluble and does not have to be removed before lubricating. It may be obtained from Daubert Chemical Co., 2000 Spring Rd., Oak Brook, Ill.60521.

❏ Paint shaft extension, inlet and discharge flanges, and all other exposed surfaces with Nox-Rust X-110 or equivalent.

❏ Seal inlet, discharge, and vent openings. It is not recommended that the unit be set in place, piped to the system, and allowed to remain idle for extended periods. If any part is left open to the atmosphere, the Nox-Rust VCI-10 vapor will escape and lose its effectiveness.

❏ Protect units from excessive vibration during storage.

❏ Rotate shaft three or four revolutions every two weeks.

❏ Prior to start up, remove flange covers on both inlet and discharge and inspect internals to insure absence of rust. Check all internal clearances.Also, at this time, remove gearbox and drive end bearing cover and inspect gear teeth and bearings for rust.

Because of the completely enclosed unit design, location of the installation is generally not a critical matter. A clean, dry and protected indoor location ispreferred. However, an outdoor location will normallygive satisfactory service. Important requirements arethat the correct grade of lubricating oil be provided forexpected operating temperatures, and that the unit belocated so that routine checking and servicing can beperformed conveniently. Proper care in locating driverand accessory equipment must also be considered.

INSTALLATIONSupervision of the installation by a ROOTS ServiceEngineer is not usually required for these units.Workmen with experience in installing light to medium weight machinery should be able to produce satisfactory results. Handling of the equipment needsto be accomplished with care, and in compliance withsafe practices. Unit mounting must be solid, withoutstrain or twist, and air piping must be clean, accuratelyaligned and properly connected.

Bare-shaft Units: Two methods are used to handle a unit without base. One is to use lifting lugs bolted into the top of the unit headplates. Test them first for tightness and fractures by tapping with a hammer.In lifting, keep the direction of cable pull on these bolts as nearly vertical as possible. If lifting lugs are not available, lifting slings may be passed under the cylinder adjacent to the headplates. Either method prevents strain on the extended drive shaft.

Packaged Units: When the unit is furnished mountedon a baseplate, with or without a driver, use of liftingslings passing under the base flanges is required.Arrange these slings so that no strains are placed onthe unit casing or mounting feet, or on any mountedaccessory equipment. DO NOT use the lifting lugs inthe top of the unit headplates.

Before starting the installation, remove plugs, covers or seals from unit inlet and discharge connections and inspect the interior completely for foreign material.If cleaning is required, finish by washing the cylinder,headplates and impeller thoroughly with a petroleumsolvent. Turn the drive shaft by hand to make sure that the impellers turn freely at all points. Anti-rust compound on the connection flanges and drive shaft extension may also be removed at this time with the same solvent. Cover the flanges until ready to connect piping.

MountingCare will pay dividends when arranging the unit mounting. This is especially true when the unit is a “bare-shaft” unit furnished without a baseplate.The convenient procedure may be to mount such a unit directly on a floor or small concrete pad, but this generally produces the least satisfactory results.It definitely causes the most problems in leveling andalignment and may result in a “Soft Foot” condition.Correct soft foot before operation to avoid unnecessaryloading on the casing and bearings. Direct use of buildingstructural framing members is not recommended.

For blowers without a base, it is recommended that awell anchored and carefully leveled steel or cast ironmounting plate be provided. The plate should be at

4For your nearest Roots Office, dial our Customer Service Hot Line 1 877 363 ROOTS (7668).

least 1 inch (25 mm) thick, with its top surfacemachined flat, and large enough to provide levelingareas at one side and one end after the unit is mount-ed. It should have properly sized studs or tapped holeslocated to match the unit foot drilling. Proper use of ahigh quality machinist’s level is necessary for adequateinstallation.

With the mounting plate in place and leveled, set theunit on it without bolting and check for rocking. If it isnot solid, determine the total thickness of shimsrequired under one foot to stop rocking. Place half ofthis under each of the diagonally-opposite short feet,and tighten the mounting studs or screws. Rotate thedrive shaft to make sure the impellers turn freely. If theunit is to be direct coupled to a driving motor, considerthe height of the motor shaft and the necessity for it tobe aligned very accurately with the unit shaft. Best unitarrangement is directly bolted to the mounting platewhile the driver is on shims of at least 1/8 inch (3mm)thickness. This allows adjustment of motor position infinal shaft alignment by varying the shim thickness.

AligningWhen unit and driver are factory mounted on a common baseplate, the assembly will have been properly aligned and is to be treated as a unit forleveling purposes. Satisfactory installation can beobtained by setting the baseplate on a concrete slabthat is rigid and free of vibration, and leveling the top of the base carefully in two directions so that it is freeof twist. The slab must be provided with suitable anchorbolts. The use of grouting under and partly inside theleveled and shimmed base is recommended.

It is possible for a base-mounted assembly to becometwisted during shipment, thus disturbing the originalalignment. For this reason, make the following checksafter the base has been leveled and bolted down.Disconnect the drive and rotate the unit shaft by hand.It should turn freely at all points. Loosen the unit foothold-down screws and determine whether all feet areevenly in contact with the base. If not, insert shims asrequired and again check for free impeller rotation.Finally, if unit is direct coupled to the driver, check shaft and coupling alignment carefully and make any necessary corrections.

In planning the installation, and before setting the unit,consider how piping arrangements are dictated by theunit design and assembly. Drive shaft rotation must beestablished accordingly and is indicated by an arrownear the shaft.

Typical arrangement on vertical units has the driveshaft at the top with counterclockwise rotation and discharge to the left. Horizontal units are typicallyarranged with the drive shaft at the left with counter-clockwise rotation and discharge down. See Figure 3and 4 for other various unit arrangements and possible conversions.

When a unit is DIRECT COUPLED to its driver, thedriver RPM must be selected or governed so as not toexceed the maximum speed rating of the unit. Refer to

Table 1 for allowable speeds of various unit sizes.A flexible type coupling should always be used to connect the driver and unit shafts.

Coupling halves must be accurately aligned, and a sufficient gap between shaft ends provided so that sidestrains and end thrust on either shaft are avoided orminimized. This will require considerable care in themounting of the driver. The two shafts must be in asnear perfect alignment in all directions as possible, andthe gap must be established with the motor armatureon its electrical center if end-play exists.

The following requirements of a good installation arerecommended. Coupling halves must be fitted to thetwo shafts with a line to line thru .001” interference fit.Coupling halves must be warmed up, so that only lighttapping is required to install them. Maximum deviationin offset alignment of the shafts should not exceed.005” (.13 mm) total indicator reading, taken on the two coupling hubs. Maximum deviation fromparallel of the inside coupling faces should not exceed.001” (.03 mm) when checked at six points around the coupling.

When a unit is BELT DRIVEN, the proper selection ofsheave diameters will result in the required unit speed.This flexibility can lead to operating temperature prob-lems caused by unit speed being too low. Make surethe drive speed selected is within the allowable rangefor the specific unit size, as specified under Table 1.

Belt drive arrangements usually employ two or more V-belts running in grooved sheaves. Installation of thedriver is less critical than for direct coupling, but itsshaft must be level and parallel with the unit shaft.The driver should be mounted on the inlet side of a vertical unit (horizontal piping) and on the sidenearest to the shaft on a horizontal unit. The drivermust also be mounted on an adjustable base to permitinstalling, adjusting and removing the V-belts. To position the driver correctly, both sheaves need to bemounted on their shafts and the nominal shaft centerdistance known for the belt lengths to be used.

Install the unit sheave so that its inner hub face is notmore than 1/8 inch (3mm) from the drive end cover.See page 18 for minimum sheave diameter and maximum sheave width. The shaft fit should be suchthat the sheave can be worked into place by hand orby very light tapping. A tight or driving fit can damage a bearing, and may cause internal unit damage byforcing the impeller out of its normal operating position.A loose fit or wobbly sheave will cause vibration, andmay result in shaft breakage.

CAUTION: Couplings as well as sheave bushingsmust have a slight slide fit with the unit shaft such that they can be installed in place by hand. Any forceused to install them could change unit end clearanceresulting in unit damage. If interference fit is desired forthe coupling, the coupling hub should be heated andshrunk on the shaft. For engine drives, use “locktite”between the coupling hubs and the shafts and on thethreads of the coupling set screws.



The driver sheave should also be mounted as close toits bearing as possible, and again should fit the shaftcorrectly. Position the driver on its adjustable base sothat 2/3 of the total movement is available in the direction away from the unit, and mount the assemblyso that the face of the sheave is accurately in line withthe unit sheave. This position minimizes belt wear, andallows sufficient adjustment for both installing and tightening the belts. After belts are installed, adjust their tension in accordance with the manufacturer’sinstructions. However, only enough tension should beapplied to prevent slippage when the unit is operatingunder load. Excessive tightening can lead to earlybearing failures or shaft breakage.

Before operating the drive under power to check initialbelt tension, first remove covers from the unit connections. Make sure the interior is still clean, thenrotate the shaft by hand. Place a coarse screen overthe inlet connection to prevent anything being drawninto the unit while it is operating, and avoid standing in line with the discharge opening. Put oil in the sumpsper instructions under LUBRICATION.

PipingBefore connecting piping, remove any remaining anti-rust compound from Unit connections. Clean pipeshould be no smaller than unit connections. In addition,make sure it is free of scale, cuttings, weld beads, orforeign material of any kind. To further guard againstdamage to the unit, especially when an inlet filter is notused, install a substantial screen of 16 mesh backedwith hardware cloth at or near the inlet connections.Make provisions to clean this screen of collecteddebris after a few hours of operation. It should be

removed when its usefulness has ended, as the wirewill eventually deteriorate and small pieces going intothe unit may cause serious damage.

Pipe flanges or male threads must meet the unit connections accurately and squarely. DO NOT attemptto correct misalignment by springing or cramping thepipe. In most cases this will distort the unit casing andcause impeller rubbing. In severe cases it can preventoperation or result in a broken drive shaft. For similarreasons, piping should be supported near the unit toeliminate dead weight strains. Also, if pipe expansion islikely to occur from temperature change, installation offlexible connectors or expansion joints is advisable.

Figure 2 represents an installation with all accessoryitems that might be required under various operatingconditions. Inlet piping should be completely free ofvalves or other restrictions. When a shut-off valve cannot be avoided, make sure a full size vacuum relief isinstalled nearest the unit inlet. This will protect againstunit overload caused by accidental closing of the shut-off valve.

Need for an inlet silencer will depend on unit speed andpressure, as well as sound-level requirements in thegeneral surroundings. An inlet filter is recommended,especially in dusty or sandy locations. A dischargesilencer is also normally suggested, even thoughWhispair units operate at generally lower noise levelsthan conventional rotary blowers. Specific recommen-dations on silencing can be obtained from ROOTS.

Discharge piping requires a pressure relief valve, andshould include a manual unloading valve to permitstarting the unit under no-load conditions. Reliablepressure/vacuum gauges and good thermometers atboth inlet and discharge are recommended to allowmaking the important checks on unit operating condi-tions. The back-pressure regulator shown in Figure 2 is useful mainly when volume demands vary while theunit operates at constant output. If demand is constant,but somewhat lower than the unit output, excess maybe blown off through the manual unloading valve.

In multiple unit installations where two or more unitsoperate with a common header, use of check valves is mandatory. These should be of a direct acting or freeswinging type, with one valve located in each linebetween the unit and header. Properly installed, theywill protect against damage from reverse rotationcaused by air and material back-flow through an idle unit.

After piping is completed, and before applying power,rotate the drive shaft by hand again. If it does not movewith uniform freedom, look for uneven mounting, pipingstrain, excessive belt tension or coupling misalignment.

DO NOT operate the unit at this time unless it hasbeen lubricated per instructions.


LUBRICATION: For Units with a Grease LubricatedDrive End

A simple but very effective lubrication system isemployed on the drive shaft end bearings. Hydraulicpressure relief fittings are provided to vent any excessgrease, preventing pressure build-up on the seals.A restriction plug and metering orifice prevent loss oflubricant from initial surges in lubricant pressure butpermit venting excess lubricant under steadily risingpressures.

When servicing drive end bearings, use a NLGI #2 premium grade grease with 300°F (149°C) servicetemperature and moisture resistance and goodmechanical stability. Using a pressure gun, slowly force new lubricant into each drive end bearing housing until traces of clean grease comes out ofthe relief fitting.

After a long shutdown, it is recommended that thegrease fittings be removed, the old grease flushed outwith kerosene or #10 lubricating oil, drained thoroughly,and bearings refilled with new grease. Be sure greaserelief fittings are reinstalled. Grease should be addedusing a hand operated grease gun to the drive endbearings at varying time intervals depending on dutycycle and RPM. Table 4 has been prepared as a general greasing schedule guide based on averageoperating conditions. More frequent intervals may benecessary depending on the grease operating temperature and unusual circumstances. ROOTS™

synthetic grease (ROOTS P/N T20019-) is highly recommended.

LUBRICATION: For Units with Splash Lubricationon Both Ends

Bearings and oil seals are lubricated by the action ofthe timing gears or oil slingers which dip into the mainoil sumps causing oil to splash directly on gears andinto bearings and seals. A drain port is provided beloweach bearing to prevent an excessive amount of oil inthe bearings. Seals located inboard of the bearings ineach headplate effectively retain oil within the sumps.Any small leakage that may occur should the sealswear passes into a cavity in each vented headplateand is drained downward.

LUBRICATIONOil sumps on each end of the blower are filled byremoving top vent plugs, Item (21), and filling until oilreaches the middle of the oil level sight gauge, Item(37), or the overflow plug.

Initial filling of the sumps should be accomplished withthe blower not operating, in order to obtain the correctoil level. Approximate oil quantities required for blowersof the various models and configurations are listed inTable 3. Use a good grade of industrial type non-deter-gent, rust inhibiting, anti-foaming oil and of correct viscosity per Table 2. ROOTS™ synthetic oil (ROOTSP/N 813-106-) is highly recommended.

The oil level should not fall below the middle of the site gauge when the blower is idle. It may rise on the gauge during operation, to an extent depending somewhat on oil temperature and blower speed.

Proper lubrication is usually the most important singleconsideration in obtaining maximum service life andsatisfactory operation from the unit. Unless operatingconditions are quite severe, a weekly check of oil leveland necessary addition of lubricant should be suffi-cient. During the first week of operation, check the oillevels in the oil sumps about once a day, and watch for leaks. Replenish as necessary. Thereafter, an occasional check should be sufficient. It is recommendedthat the oil be changed after initial 100 hours of opera-tion. Frequent oil changing is not necessary unless the-blower is operated in a very dusty location. Normal lifeexpectancy of petroleum based oils is about 2000hours with an oil temperature of about 200°F (93°C).As the oil temperature increases by increments of 15-18°F (8°C - 10°C), the life is reduced by half.Example: Oil temperatures of 230-236°F (110°C -113°C) will produce life expectancy of 1/4 or 500 hours.Therefore, it is considered normal to have oil changeperiods of 500 hours with petroleum based oils.



Before operating a blower under power for the firsttime, recheck the unit and the installation thoroughly to reduce the likelihood of avoidable troubles. Use thefollowing procedure check list as a guide, but considerany other special conditions in the installation.

❏ Be certain that no bolts, tools, rags, or debris have been left in the blower air chamber or piping.

❏ If an outdoor intake without filter is used, be sure the opening is located so it cannot pick up dirt and is protected by a strong screen or grille. Use of the temporary protective screen as described under INSTALLATION is strongly recommended.

❏ Recheck blower leveling, drive alignment and tightness of all mounting bolts if installation is not recent. If belt drive is used, adjust belt tension correctly.

❏ Turn drive shaft by hand to make sure impellers still rotate without bumping or rubbing at any point.

❏ Make sure oil levels in the main oil sumps are correct.

❏ Check lubrication of driver. If it is an electric motor, be sure that power is available and that electrical overload devices are installed and workable.

❏ Open the manual unloading valve in the discharge air line. If a valve is in the inlet piping, be sure it is open.

❏ Bump blower a few revolutions with driver to check that direction of rotation agrees with arrow near blower shaft, and that both coast freely to a stop.

After the preceding points are cleared, blower is ready for trial operation under “no-load” conditions.The following procedure is suggested to cover this initial operation test period.

a. Start blower, let it accelerate to full speed, thenshut off. Listen for knocking sounds, both withpower on and as speed slows down.

b. Repeat above, but let blower run 2 or 3 minutes.Check for noises, such as knocking sounds.

c. Operate blower for about 10 minutes unloaded.Check oil levels. Observe cylinder and headplatesurfaces for development of hot spots such asburned paint, indicating impeller rubs. Be awareof any noticeable increase in vibration.

Assuming that all trials have been satisfactory, or thatnecessary corrections have been made, the blowershould now have a final check run of at least one hourunder normal operating conditions. After blower isrestarted, gradually close the discharge unloadingvalve to apply working pressure. At this point it is recommended that a good pressure gauge ormanometer be connected into the discharge line if not already provided, and that thermometers be in both inlet and discharge lines. Readings from these

instruments will show whether pressure or temperature ratings of the blower are being exceeded.

During the final run, check operating conditions frequently and observe the oil levels at reasonableintervals. If excessive noise or local heating develops,shut down immediately and determine the cause. Ifeither pressure rise or temperature rise across theblower exceeds the limit specified in this manual, shutdown and investigate conditions in the piping system.Refer to the TROUBLESHOOTING CHECKLIST for suggestions on various problems that may appear.

The blower should now be ready for continuous dutyoperation at full load. During the first few days makeperiodic checks to determine whether all conditionsremain steady, or at least acceptable. This may be particularly important if the blower is supplying air to aprocess system where conditions can vary. At the firstopportunity, stop the blower and clean the temporaryinlet protective screen. If no appreciable amount ofdebris has collected, the screen may be removed.See comments under INSTALLATION. At this sametime, verify leveling, coupling alignment or belt tension,and mounting bolt tightness.

Should operating experience prove that blower capacityis a little too high for the actual air requirements, asmall excess may be blown off continuously throughthe manual unloading or vent valve. Never rely on thepressure relief valve as an automatic vent. Such usemay cause the discharge pressure to become excessive, and can also result in failure of the valveitself. If blower capacity appears to be too low, refer tothe TROUBLESHOOTING CHECKLIST.

Vibration Assessment CriteriaWith measurements taken at the bearing locations on the housings, see chart below for an appropriateassessment guide for rotary lobe blowers rigidly mounted on stiff foundations.

In general, blower vibration levels should be monitoredon a regular basis and the vibration trend observed forprogressive or sudden change in level. If such achange occurs, the cause should be determinedthrough spectral analysis.

As shown on the chart below, the level of all passvibration will determine the need to measure discretefrequency vibration levels and the action required.

OPERATION

All Pass Vibration Discrete Frequency Action(in/sec) Vibration (in/sec)

0.45 or less N/R Approved

Greater than 0.45 0.45 or less @ Approvedbut 1.0 or less any frequency

Greater than 0.45 @ ROOTS™ Approvalany frequency Required

Greater than 1.0 Less than 1.0 ROOTS™ ApprovalRequired

Greater than 1.0 ROOTS™ ApprovalRequired


OPERATING CHARACTERISTICSROOTS™ rotary blowers and exhausters, as covered inthis manual, are available in basic frame sizes rangingfrom 2 inch to 7 inch gear diameter. Various models,within this gear diameter range, are available with dif-ferent case lengths to produce reasonable steps in flowcapacity. The shorter case lengths have lower volumetric capacities, but are capable of operatingagainst higher pressures. All models are available forair service and there are specifically designed modelsfor gas service.

The basic ROOTS™ rotary lobe blower is a positive displacement type unit. Flow capacity is determined byframe size, operating speed and pressure conditions.It employs two impellers mounted on parallel shaftsrotating in opposite directions within a cylinder closedat the ends by head-plates. As the impellers rotate, gas is drawn into one side of the cylinder and forcedout the opposite side. The pressure or vacuum developed depends on the resistance of the piping and process system.

The unit is a precision engineered product with veryfine clearances between the rotating impellers and stationary case. Since there is no actual contactbetween these surfaces, internal lubrication is notrequired. Clearances are maintained by a pair of accurately machined timing gears, mounted on the two shafts extended outside the blower casing.

Operation of the familiar basic rotary lobe blower isillustrated in FIGURE 1, where air flow is left to rightfrom inlet to discharge with the top impeller rotatingclockwise. In Position 1 it is delivering a known volume(B) to the discharge, while space (A) between thelower impeller and cylinder wall is being filled.Counterclockwise rotation of this impeller then trapsequal volume (A) in Position 2, and further rotationdelivers it to the discharge in Position 3.

One complete revolution of the driving shaft alternatelytraps four fixed and equal volumes of air (two by eachimpeller) and pushes them through to the discharge.The volume capacity of a lobe blower operating at aconstant speed therefore remains relatively independ-ent of reasonable inlet of discharge pressure variations.To change capacity, it is necessary either to changespeed of rotation or blow off some of the discharge air.

No attempt should ever be made to control capacity by means of a throttle valve in the intake or discharge piping. This will not only increase the power load on thedriver, but can also overload and seriously damage theblower. If a possibility does exist that flow to the blowerinlet may be cut off during normal operation of aprocess, then an adequate vacuum relief valve must be installed near the blower. A pressure type reliefvalve in the discharge line near the blower is requiredfor protection against cut-off or blocking in this line.Refer to FIGURE 3 for a complete piping schematic.

When a belt drive is installed, blower speed can usuallybe adjusted to obtain desired capacity by changing thediameter of one or both sheaves. In a direct coupledarrangement a variable speed motor or transmission is required, or excess air may be blown off through a manually controlled unloading valve and silencer.If returned to the blower inlet, the air must be cooled to 100°F (38°C) through a by-pass arrangement to maintain acceptable blower temperatures.

Before making any change in blower capacity, or operating conditions, contact ROOTS for specific information applying to your particular blower. In allcases, operating conditions must be maintained withinthe approved range of pressures, temperatures andspeeds as stated under LIMITATIONS. The air blowermust not be used to handle liquids or solids as seriousdamage to the rotating parts may result.

FIGURE 1 – F LOW THROUGH A BASIC ROTARY LOBE BLOWER

A

B

A

B

A

B



TROUBLESHOOTING

Trouble Item Possible Cause Remedy

No flow 1 Speed too low Check by tachometer and compare with published performance

2 Wrong rotation Compare actual rotation with Figure 1 or 2 Change driver if wrong

3 Obstruction in piping Check piping, valves, silencer to assure open flow path

Low capacity 4 Speed too low See item 1, If belt drive, check for slippage and readjust tension

5 Excessive pressure rise Check inlet vacuum and discharge pressure and comparewith Published performance

6 Obstruction in piping See item 3

7 Excessive slip Check inside of casing for worn or eroded surfaces causing excessive clearances

Excessive power 8 Speed too high Check speed and compare with published performance

9 Excessive pressure rise See Item 5

10 Impeller rubbing Inspect outside of cylinder for high temperature areas, thencheck for impeller contact at these points. Correct blower mounting, drive alignment

11 Scale, sludge, rust Clean blower appropriatelyor product build up

Overheating of 12 Inadequate lubrication Check oil sump levels in gear and drive end headplates

bearing or gears 13 Excessive lubrication Check oil levels. If correct, drain and refill with clean oil of recommended grade

14 Excessive pressure rise See Item 5

15 Coupling misalignment Check carefully. Realign if questionable

16 Excessive belt tension Readjust for correct tension

Vibration 17 Misalignment See Item 15

18 Impellers rubbing See Item 10

19 Worn bearings/gears Check gear backlash and condition of bearings, and replace as indicated

20 Unbalanced or rubbing Scale or process material may build up on casing and impeller impellers, or inside impellers. Remove build-up to restore

original clearances and impeller balance

21 Driver or blower loose Tighten mounting bolts securely

22 Piping resonances Determine whether standing wave pressure pulsations are present in the piping

23 Scale/sludge build-ups Clean out interior of impeller lobes to restore dynamic balance

24 Casing strain re-work piping alignment to remove excess strain

Driver stops, or 25 Impeller stuck Check for excessive hot spot on headplate or cylinder.will not start See item 10. Look for defective shaft bearing and/or

gear teeth

26 Scale, sludge, rust or Clean blower appropriatelyproduct build-up

Excessive breather 27 Broken seal Replace seals

Blow-by or excessive 28 Defective O-ring Replace seals and O-ringoil leakage to vent area


MAINTENANCE & REPLACEMENTS: UNIVERSAL RAI® SERIES BLOWERSA good program of consistent inspection and mainte-nance is the most reliable method of minimizing repairsto a blower. A simple record of services and dates willhelp keep this work on a regular schedule. Basic service needs are:

• Lubrication

• Checking for hot spots

• Checking for increases or changes in vibrationand noise

• Recording of operating pressures and temperatures

Above all, a blower must be operated within its specified rating limits, to obtain satisfactory service life.

A newly installed blower should be checked often during the first month of full-time operation. Attentionthereafter may be less frequent assuming satisfactoryperformance. Lubrication is normally the most impor-tant consideration and weekly checks of lubricant levels in the gearbox and bearing reservoirs should be customary. Complete oil change schedules are discussed under LUBRICATION.

Driver lubrication practices should be in accordancewith the manufacturer’s instructions. If direct connectedto the blower through a lubricated type coupling, thecoupling should be checked and greased each timeblower oil is changed. This will help reduce wear andprevent unnecessary vibration. In a belted drive system, check belt tension periodically and inspect for frayed or cracked belts.

In a new, and properly installed, unit there is no contactbetween the two impellers, or between the impellersand cylinder or headplates. Wear is confined to thebearings (which support and locate the shafts) the oilseals, and the timing gears. All are lubricated and wearshould be minimal if clean oil of the correct grade isalways used. Seals are subject to deterioration as wellas wear, and may require replacement at varying periods.

Shaft bearings are designed for optimum life underaverage conditions with proper lubrication and are critical to the service life of the blower. Gradual bearing wear may allow a shaft position to changeslightly, until rubbing develops between impeller andcasing. This will cause spot heating, which can bedetected by observing these surfaces. Sudden bearingfailure is usually more serious. Since the shaft andimpeller are no longer supported and properly located,extensive general damage to the blower casing andgears is likely to occur.

Oil seals should be considered expendable items, to be replaced whenever drainage from the headplate

vent cavity becomes excessive or when the blower isdisassembled for any reason. Sealing effectivenesscan vary considerably from seal to seal and is alsoaffected to surprising degree by shaft finish under theseal lip. Because of these normal variables, minor seal leakage should not be considered as indicating seal replacement.

Timing gear wear, when correct lubrication is main-tained, should be negligible over a period of years.Gear teeth are cut to provide the correct amount ofbacklash, and gears correctly mounted on the shaftswill accommodate a normal amount of tooth wear without permitting contact between lobes of the twoimpellers. However, too high an oil level will causechurning and excessive heating. This is indicated byunusually high temperature at the bottom of the gearhousing. Consequent heating of the gears will result in loss of tooth-clearance , backlash and rapid wear ofthe gear teeth usually will develop. Continuation of thistooth wear will eventually produce impeller contacts(knocking), and from this point serious damage will beunavoidable if blower operation is continued. A similarsituation can be produced suddenly by gear tooth fracture, which is usually brought on by sustained overloading or momentary shock loads.

Problems may also develop from causes other thaninternal parts failure. Operating clearances within ablower are only a few thousandths of an inch. Thismakes it possible for impeller interference or casingrubs to result from shifts in the blower mounting, orfrom changes in piping support. If this type of trouble is experienced, and the blower is found to be clean, tryremoving mounting strains. Loosen blower mountingbolts and reset the leveling and drive alignment. Thentighten mounting again, and make sure that all pipingmeets blower connections accurately and squarelyForeign materials in the blower will also cause trouble,which can only be cured by disconnecting the pipingand thoroughly cleaning the blower interior.

A wide range of causes & solutions for operating troubles are covered in the TROUBLE SHOOTINGCHECKLIST. The remedies suggested should be performed by qualified mechanics with a good background, using procedures detailed in this manual.Major repairs generally are to be considered beyondthe scope of maintenance, and should be referred to ROOTS.

Warranty failures should not be repaired at all, unlessspecific approval has been obtained through ROOTSbefore starting work. Unauthorized disassembly withinthe warranty period will void the warranty.



It is recommended that major repairs be performed at an authorized ROOTS facility. However, it is recognized that this may not always be practical. If ablower is out of warranty, mechanical adjustments andparts replacement may be undertaken locally at theowner’s option and risk. It is recommended thatROOTS™ parts be used to insure fit and suitability. Themaintenance of a small stock of on-hand spare partscan eliminate possible delays. When ordering partsgive item numbers and their word descriptions from theappropriate sectional drawings. Also specify quantitiesrequired and the blower model and serial number fromthe nameplate.

Repairs or adjustments are best performed by person-nel with good mechanical experience and the ability tofollow the instructions in this manual. Some operationsinvolve extra care, patience, and a degree of precisionwork. This is especially true in timing impellers and inhandling bearings. Experience indicates that hig

Documents

PRESSURE / VACUUM BLOWER PACKAGE · displacement blower, the motor and the integrity of the system controls. Provided, as standard equipment on all of our blower packages is a mechanical