Presidents Review

8/12/2019 Presidents Review

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, i :: klt ld fmportant Events during Richard Nixon's PresidencyHe was the 37 th president-Watergate Scandal-Detente (Anti-Bellistic Missile Treaty)

-Vietnamization-Part of the House Unamerican Activities Committee-successor: Ford-endorsed the equal rights amendment-adopted affirmative actions-apollo 11 (he encouraged)He signed the Selective Service Reform bill, ensuring that draftees are selected by alottery system.He signed an Emergency EmploymentAct, earmaking 2.25 billion for the creation ofpublic service jobs at state and local levels.-increased Social Security benefits

-President Nixon traveled to China to try and encouraged peace and more contactbetween two nations. He was the first to visit the country.


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Jimmy Carter 1977-1981)_39" President of the United States. (Democra t)-He entered office during a period ofstagflation.-He created two new cabinet departments: the Deportment of Energy nd the Deportment of Education.-He was award ed the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002. He was the only US President to receive the prize fter leavingoffice.He returned Panama Conal to Panama n the Panama Canal Treaties.

-1979 Energy CrisisCarter encouraged energy conservation by all US citizens. (Oil and electricity)OPEC raised its prices of oil during his presidency causing oil shocks in the United States.He established a national energy policy. (Conservation, price control, and new technology)

-Camp David Accord/Egypt-Israel Peace TreatyThe Camp David Accords were thirteen days of secret negoti tion between Israeli Prime ministerMenachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar EI Sadat which began on September 17, 1978.The Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty:-Israel would establish a se lf-governing authority in the West Bank and Gaza Strip . Israel and Egypt wouldre cog nize the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people. The withdrawal of Israeli troops from WestBank and Gaza after an election had taken place to replace the Israeli military government.-Israel would withdraw its troops from the Sinai Peninsula and restore it to Egypt. Egypt would restorenormal diplomatic relations with Israel and guarantee passage through the Suez Canal and otherwaterways . Egypt would be subject to possible restrictions on its forces in the Sinai Peninsula. Israelwould also limit its forces and guarantee free passage between Egypt and Jordan . Israel would also returnthe Abu-Rudeis oil fields to Egypt.-The United States would be committed to several billion dollars' worth of annual subsidies to thegovernments of Israel and Egypt.

-Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II SALT II)SALT II was a series of negotiations between President Carter and Soviet Leader Leonid Brezhnev from1972-1979. The agreement banned new missile programs, and discouraged the development of INF andMIRV missiles.-The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979 during his presidency. Carter responded by boycotting the1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.

-Iran hostage crisis52 American were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981 by a group ofIslamist students and militants who supported the Iranian Revolution. They took over the AmericanEmbassy in Tehran .A rescue operation was carried out on April 24, 1980 called Operation Eagle Claw. It was a failed missionresulting in the death of eight Americans, one Iranian vilian, and two destroyed aircrafts.The hostages were released after the signing of the Algiers Accords.

-Three Mile Island Nuclear accidentIt was nuclear accident th t occurred on one of the US nucle r reactors in Dauphin countryPennsylvania on March 28, 1979. It was the worst accident in the US commercial nuclear power planthistory.


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illClinton

e is the 42 nd President, in office from 1993-2001 The first Democrat since Franklin Delano Roosevelt to be elected to a second term. Emphasized pro-growth, strong defense, and anticrime policies Lowest deficit level in a decade by 1996 Whitewater Scandal - The Whitewater scandal was an American political controversy

that began with the real estate investments ofBill and Hillary Clinton and theirassociates, Jim and Susan McDougal in a failed business venture in the WhitewaterDevelopment Corporation during the 1970s and 1980s

emphasized gun control Columbine High School shooting was during his presidency world trade center bombing occurred during his presidency

Clinton's presidency is America's longest period of economic growth in peacetime. North American Free Trade Agreement(January 1 1994) Immediately eliminated tariffson more than one-half ofMexico's exports to the United States and one-third of the

United States exports to Mexico Opened trade, ended tariffs on goods and services and implemented a balance

between the United States, Mexico, and Canada Clintonomics focus on the following points:

Establishment of a fiscal discipline and to eliminate the budget deficit Maintenance of low interest rates and the encouragement of private-sector

investments The elimination of protectionist tariffs The investment in the human capital in the form of education and research

The Telecom Reform Act(February 8,1996): Dispatched ownership restrictions on radioand television, agriculture and the pesticides legislation(1996), and the Food and DrugAdministration overhaul(1997)

Family and Medical Leave Act(February S 1993): Made paternity, maternity andmedical leave available

The Minimum wage Increase Act(August 20, 1996): Raised the minimum wage andallowed states to set it higher if they wished

Gramm-Leach-Bliley ActlFinancial Services Modernization Act(November 12 , 1999):Allowed banks, insurance companies, and investment houses to merge and repealed theGlass-Steagall Act

Omnibus Budget reconciliation ActlDeficit reduction Act!Revenue ReconciliationAct(August 10 1993): A 36-39.6% income tax for high-income individuals in the top1.2%

Taxes raised 4.3 cents per gallon on transportation fuels Taxable portions of Social Security benefits increased


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Taxpayer Relief Act(August 5 1997): Reduced federal taxes Educational savings and retirement funds were given tax relief

Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity ActlWelfare Reform(August 22, J996)Added workforce development components to welfare legislations and encouragedemployment for the poor

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families(July I, 1197): Provided cahs assistanceto American families with dependent children from the United States DepartmentofHealth and Human Services

Temporary assistance that aimed to get people off assistance throughemployment and held a maximum of6 months of benefits

Passed laws that raise money in the United States treasury and cut federal spending Worked to keep inflation rates low; rate was at 2.3% Second president to be impeached(December 19 1998)

Charged with perjury and obstruction of justice Charges came from the Lewinsky scandal and the Paul Jones lawsuit Acquitted by the Senate; required two-thirds majority and was 17 votes Sh011 of

removing hi m from office

Documents

Presidents Review