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Presidential Weekly Address 11 20 2010

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Today, I¶d like to speak with you about an issue that is fundamental to America¶s nationalsecurity: the need for the Senate to approve the New START Treaty this year.

This Treaty is rooted in a practice that dates back to Ronald Reagan. The idea is simple ± as thetwo nations with over 90 percent of the world¶s nuclear weapons, the United States and Russia

have a responsibility to work together to reduce our arsenals. And to ensure that our nationalsecurity is protected, the United States has an interest in tracking Russia¶s nuclear arsenalthrough a verification effort that puts U.S. inspectors on the ground. As President Reagan saidwhen he signed a nuclear arms treaty with the Soviet Union in 1987, ³Trust, but verify.´

That is precisely what the New START Treaty does. After nearly a full year of negotiations, wecompleted an agreement earlier this year that cuts by a third the number of long-range nuclear weapons and delivery vehicles that the United States and Russia can deploy, while ensuring thatAmerica retains a strong nuclear deterrent, and can put inspectors back on the ground in Russia.

The Treaty also helped us reset our relations with Russia, which led to concrete benefits. For 

instance, Russia has been indispensable to our efforts to enforce strong sanctions on Iran, tosecure loose nuclear material from terrorists, and to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

All of this will be put to risk if the Senate does not pass the New START Treaty.

Without ratification this year, the United States will have no inspectors on the ground, and noability to verify Russian nuclear activities. So those who would block this treaty are breakingPresident Reagan¶s rule ± they want to trust, but not verify.

Without ratification, we put at risk the coalition that we have built to put pressure on Iran, andthe transit route through Russia that we use to equip our troops in Afghanistan. And without

ratification, we risk undoing decades of American leadership on nuclear security, and decades of  bipartisanship on this issue. Our security and our position in the world are at stake.

Indeed, since the Reagan years, every President has pursued a negotiated, verified, armsreduction treaty. And every time that these treaties have been reviewed by the Senate, they have passed with over 85 votes. Bipartisan support for New START could not be stronger. It has beenendorsed by Republicans from the Reagan Administration and both Bush Administrations ± including Colin Powell, George Shultz, Jim Baker, and Henry Kissinger. And it was approved bythe Senate Foreign Relations Committee by a strong bipartisan vote of 14-4.

Over the last several months, several questions have been asked about New START, and we

have answered every single one. Some have asked whether it will limit our missile defense ± itwill not. Some, including Senator Jon Kyl, have asked that we modernize our nuclear infrastructure for the 21st century ± we are doing so, and plan to invest at least $85 billion in thateffort over the next ten years ± a significant increase from the Bush Administration.

Finally, some make no argument against the Treaty ± they just ask for more time. But remember this: it has already been 11 months since we¶ve had inspectors in Russia, and every day that goes by without ratification is a day that we lose confidence in our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear 

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weapons. If the Senate doesn¶t act this year ± after six months, 18 hearings, and nearly athousand questions answered ± it would have to start over from scratch in January.

The choice is clear: a failure to ratify New START would be a dangerous gamble with America¶snational security, setting back our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons, as well as our 

leadership in the world. That is not what the American people sent us to Washington to do.

There is enough gridlock, enough bickering. If there is one issue that should unite us ± asRepublicans and Democrats ± it should be our national security.

Some things are bigger than politics. As Republican Dick Lugar said the other day, ³EverySenator has an obligation in the national security interest to take a stand, to do his or her duty.´

Senator Lugar is right. And if the Senate passes this treaty, it will not be an achievement for Democrats or Republicans ± it will be a win for America.

Thanks.

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS PHASE A START OF]

Today, I¶d like to speak with you about an issue that is fundamental to America¶s nationalsecurity: the need for the Senate to approve the New START Treaty this year.

This Treaty is rooted in a practice that dates back to Ronald Reagan. The idea is simple ± as thetwo nations with over 90 percent of the world¶s nuclear weapons, the United States and Russiahave a responsibility to work together to reduce our arsenals.

on this day: on or during this day, as distinct from yesterday

or tomorrow

[ Old Englishspecan, sprecan <Indo-European]

[ Old English, unstressedform of n "one"]

[ Old English nowe < Indo-European] [14th century. Via Old Frenchtraité "assembly, agreement,treaty" < Latin tractatus <tractare (see treat)]

y [ Old English bon, via Germanic, "exist, dwell"< Indo-European, "exist, grow"]

[14th century. Via Latin < Greek,"look" < idein "to see"]

[Early 16th century. Directly or via French <Italian arzanale < Venetian Italian arzaná < A

dr-(a-)in'a "workshop, factory"]

Who first truly saw things as they

always were and where? 

Idea, a conception or abstraction. The natureof ideas²how real they are and how theyget their meaning²is a fundamentalquestion of philosophy.

Plato and numerous other classical authors attested to the military value of armies made up of lovers. When Epaminondas fell in battle at Mantineia, his youthful lover died beside him. Oneof his earlier boy lovers, Kaphisodoros, became the most formidable Theban warrior of his

era. Xenophon¶s reference to the valor displayed by Episthenes exempliKNes the passion of 

seasoned Thebans of the 370s for impressing young men with their prowess. Among theSpartans, it was common for lovers to be in battle together, but unlike the Thebans, suchpairings of individuals were not integral to their military organization. Instead, the Spartanspracticed a deliberate transference of authority from fathers or families to groups of o lder males, who were in turn responsible for younger men, adolescents, and boys. 

Living in theHouse of The

Blind,

Looking but 

not Seeing«

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And to ensure that our national security is protected, the United States has an interest intracking Russia¶s nuclear arsenal through a verification effort that puts U.S. inspectors on theground.

As President Reagan said when he signed a nuclear arms treaty with the Soviet Union in 1987,³Trust, but verify.´

That is precisely what the New START Treaty does. After nearly a full year of negotiations, wecompleted an agreement earlier this year that cuts by a third the number of long-range nuclear 

[13th century. Via French < Latin nation- "birth,race" < nat-, past participle of nasci "be born"]

[15th century. Alteration of Anglo-Normaninteresse < medieval Latin, "compensation forloss" < Latin, "differ, be important," byassociation with Old French interest "damage,loss" < Latin, "it matters"]

[Mid-19th century. < nucleus]

used for comparison: used to compare things, people, or situations  

[14th century. < late Latin numeralis < Latin numerus"number"]

[Early 16th century. Via French < Latin praecisus, past participle of praecidere "cutoff in front" < caedere "cut"]

y  take action: to take action in a situation in

order to change it or solve a problem

[ Old English gar < Indo-European]

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weapons and delivery vehicles that the United States and Russia can deploy, while ensuring that

America retains a strong nuclear deterrent, and can put inspectors back on the ground in Russia.

The Treaty also helped us reset our relations with Russia, which led to concrete benefits.

For instance, Russia has been indispensable to our efforts to enforce strong sanctions on Iran, tosecure loose nuclear material from terrorists, and to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

All of this will be put to risk if the Senate does not pass the New START Treaty.

[ Old English wpen < Germanic]

[13th century. Via French délivrer < Latindeliberare "free completely" < liberare (seeliberate)]

y [ Old English þe, earlier se < Indo-European]

[ Old English ealsw, allsw (see all, so1)]

[14th century. Via French < Latin instantia < instant- (see instant)]

2. having to be faced: unavoidable, especially as a duty

[Mid-16th century. < French troupe][Assumed Old English putian, origin ?]

[13th century. < French passer < Latin passu"step"]

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Without ratification this year, the United States will have no inspectors on the ground, and noability to verify Russian nuclear activities.

So those who would block this treaty are breaking President Reagan¶s rule ± they want to trust, but not verify.

Without ratification, we put at risk  the coalition that we have built to put pressure on Iran, and

the transit route through Russia that we use to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

And without ratification, we risk undoing decades of American leadership on nuclear security,and decades of bipartisanship on this issue. Our security and our position in the world are atstake.

[ Old English wiþ "with, against" < Indo-European, "apart"]

y [ Old English þis, þes < Indo-European]

[14th century. Directly or via French acte < Latinactus, actum "public transaction" < past participleof agere "do"]

power to decide: the power to make decisions

[13th century. Via French riule < Latin regula "straighstick, standard"]

[15th century. Via French < medieval Latin (pro) rata (parte)"(according to a) fixed (part)" < Latin ratus, past participle of reri"calculate"]

[Mid-17th century. Via French risque < obsoleteItalian rischo < rischiare "run into danger"]

[12th century. < Old Frenchroute < Latin rupta, form of past participle of rumpere"break"]

For that Reason, the Capacity f or Good on

ones Self, Family and Country.

[ Old English w < Indo-European]

[Mid-16th century. < Latin securus"without care" < cura "care"]

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Indeed, since the Reagan years, every President has pursued a negotiated, verified, armsreduction treaty.

And every time that these treaties have been reviewed by the Senate, they have passed with over 85 votes. Bipartisan support for New START could not be stronger.

[ Old English dd < Germanic, "a doing" < Indo-European]

Rea·gan·om·ics [ràyg nómmiks] 

nounfree-market economics: the free-market economic approach espoused by U.S.

president Ronald Reagan, involving cuts in taxes and social spending together

with deregulation of domestic markets (takes a singular verb)

[Late 20th century. Blend of Reagan + economics]

[Late 16th century. < Latin negotiat-, past participleof negotiari "do business" < negotium "business" <neg- "not" + otium "leisure"]

y [13th century. < Old English fre lc"ever each"]

y [ Old English b < Germanic]

[14th century. Via French < Latin supportare"bear up" < portare "carry"]

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It has been endorsed by Republicans from the Reagan Administration and both BushAdministrations ± including Colin Powell, George Shultz, Jim Baker, and Henry Kissinger. Andit was approved by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee by a strong bipartisan vote of 14-4.

Over the last several months, several questions have been asked about New START, and wehave answered every single one.

Some have asked whether it will limit our missile defense ± it will not. Some, including Senator Jon Kyl, have asked that we modernize our nuclear infrastructure for the 21st century ± we are

y  make something happen: to direct or cause somebody

to do something, or cause something to happen[ Old English b <ermanic]

somebody entrusted with

something: a person to whom

something, e.g. the charge of 

somebody deemed incapable of 

looking after himself or herself, is

committed (archaic)

[ Old English lste < lst "sole of the foot, footprint" < Germanic, "follow"]

[13th century. Via French < Latin quaestion- "inquiry"< past participle of quaerere "seek"]

[13th century. Via French < Latin singulus < simplus "simple"]

[ Old English scian < Indo-European, "to wish"]

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doing so, and plan to invest at least $85 billion in that effort over the next ten years ± asignificant increase from the Bush Administration.

Finally, some make no argument against the Treaty ± they just ask for more time. But remember this: it has already been 11 months since we¶ve had inspectors in Russia, and every day that goes by without ratification is a day that we lose confidence in our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons.

If the Senate doesn¶t act this year ± after six months, 18 hearings, and nearly a thousandquestions answered ± it would have to start over from scratch in January.

The choice is clear: a failure to ratify New START would be a dangerous gamble withAmerica¶s national security, setting back our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons, aswell as our leadership in the world. That is not what the American people sent us to Washingtonto do.

[14th century. Via Old French aministrer< Latin administrare "serve, manage" <ministrare "serve"]

[14th century. Directly or viaFrench < Latin finalis "last" <finis "final moment, end"]

[ Old English losian "perish, destroy, lose" < los(see loss)]first vertical row of chessboard: used to refer

to the first vertical row of squares from the left

on a chessboard

[12th century. Via French < Latin senatus"assembly of elders" < senex "male elder"]

[ Old English si(e)x < Indo-European]

[12th century. Probably < Old English styrtan "to jump" < Germanic]

[13th century. Via Old French cler < Latin clarus"clear, bright"]

[ Old English understandan < under +standan (see stand)]

[ Old English woruld "human existence, age,Earth" < Germanic, "age of man"]

(I am Providing what I Call) Peace (to) Be 

Upon You (Male / Female) v?s Peace In Me (I

Peace)

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There is enough gridlock , enough bickering. If there is one issue that should unite us ± asRepublicans and Democrats ± it should be our national security.

Some things are bigger than politics. As Republican Dick Lugar said the other day, ³EverySenator has an obligation in the national security interest to take a stand, to do his or her duty.´

Senator Lugar is right. And if the Senate passes this treaty, it will not be an achievement for Democrats or Republicans ± it will be a win for America.

Thanks.

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS PHASE A END OF]

[13th century. Alteration of griddle,by association with iron]

[Late 16th century. Directly or via French <medieval Latin democratia < Greek dmokratia"rule of the people" < dmos "people" + kratos"rule"]

[Late 16th century. Via Frenchrépublique < Latin res publica"public matter"]

y [ Old English sum "one, somebody" < Indo-European, "together with"

[ Old English riht < Indo-European, "go straight"]

[ Old English winnan < Indo-European, "to desire"]

[< Greek teras "monster"]

used to refer to the eighth vertical row of squares from the left on a chessboard  

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[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS PHASE A.a START OF]

Today, I¶d like to speak with you about an issue that is fundamental to America¶s nationalsecurity: the need for the Senate to approve the New START Treaty this year.

This Treaty is rooted in a practice that dates back to Ronald Reagan. The idea is simple ± as thetwo nations with over 90 percent of the world¶s nuclear weapons, the United States and Russiahave a responsibility to work together to reduce our arsenals.

And to ensure that our national security is protected, the United States has an interest in trackingRussia¶s nuclear arsenal through a verification effort that puts U.S. inspectors on the ground. As

The prevailing opinion today is that both Athens andSparta were exceptional city-states, both in size and in

government.17 It is also admitted that the Spartan way of 

life was an exception in the Classical Age,18 whereas far 

more poleis, especially democratically governed poleis,seem to have been like Athens. In spite of which,when the question comes up about the relation betweenstate and society, many still stick to the older view, that inGreece there was no such thing as a private sphere over against a public sphere, and that the polis was a type of society in which everything was determined politically and

there was no personal freedom.19 

Rigid determinism abolishes the idea of human freedom²the assumption of free choice thatunderlies every move we make, every word we speak,every thought we think. It abolishes the idea of human

responsibility, since it is manifestly unfair to reward or  punish people for actions that are by definition beyondtheir control. No one can live consistently by anydeterministic creed. The Marxist states prove thisthemselves by their extreme susceptibility to the cult of leadership. 

This area included seven flattoppedhills that curved outward toward the Tiber River.The most northerly hills were the Quirinal, Viminal,Esquiline, and Caelian. Between these hills and theTiber River stood the steep Palatine Hill and the evensteeper Capitoline Hill. To the south of these stood theAventine Hill. A broad, swampy area between thePalatine and Capitoline hills was agriculturallyunproductive until the area was drained centurieslater. 

Thus, for example, Mithra, according to Tertulianus,introduced the custom of blessing by laying thehands on the head or the brow of those to whom hewished to insure rosperity, and he also adoptedamong his mysteries a practice resembling the

 breaking of the bread in the Eucharist. So far as the blessing by the laying on of hands is concerned,Mithra especially used it in giving courage to the

men whom he sent out as soldiers to war. 

IS WYSIWUG? 

Vestal Virgins were responsible for keeping the fire of Vesta burning at all times. If the fire were to go out, it would beconsidered a warning that some great evil would befall Romeand its people. These young women, chosen from prestigiousRoman families, enjoyed all the privileges afforded todiplomats and wealthy Romans. For the privilege of tendingthe fire of Vesta, the young women vowed to remain chastefor thirty years, after which they could leave the cloister andget married. The penalty for breaking their vows, however,

was to be buried alive. 

I'm 14 years old and a virgin. When I explore myself or masturbate I

find that I can fit at least 3 fingers inside myself without much 

discomf ort. I haven't had sex and yet it f eels like I'm stretched out or

something. Could this mean that I really am just loose? I mean I've 

been fingered by my boyfriend bef ore but never anything else.

Shouldn't my hymen be intact? My friend told me that the heavier

your period flow is how wideset you are *downthere*. What could

she mean by that? I'm so confused and embarrassed that I don't

know better. Please help.

(February 2009) An estimated 100 million to 140 million girls and women worldwide have undergone f emale genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and more than

3 million girls are at risk f or cutting each year on the African continent alone. FGM/C is generally perf ormed on girls between ages 4 and 12, although it is

practiced in some cultures as early as a f ew days after birth or as late as just prior tomarriage. FGM/C poses serious physical and mental health risks f or women

and young girls. According to a 2006 WHO study, FGM/C can be linked to increased complications in childbirth and even maternal deaths. Other side eff ects

include severe pain, hemorrhage, tetanus, inf ection, inf ertility, cysts and abscesses, urinary incontinence, and psychological and sexual problems. Since the 

early 1990s, FGM/C has gained recognition as a health andhuman rights issue.

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President Reagan said when he signed a nuclear arms treaty with the Soviet Union in 1987,³Trust, but verify.´

That is precisely what the New START Treaty does. After nearly a full year of negotiations, wecompleted an agreement earlier this year that cuts by a third the number of long-range nuclear weapons and delivery vehicles that the United States and Russia can deploy, while ensuring thatAmerica retains a strong nuclear deterrent, and can put inspectors back on the ground in Russia.

The Treaty also helped us reset our relations with Russia, which led to concrete benefits. For instance, Russia has been indispensable to our efforts to enforce strong sanctions on Iran, tosecure loose nuclear material from terrorists, and to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

There were seven legendary rulers, or kings, of Rome:The first king, Romulus, instituted the Senate; the secondking, Numa Pompilius, established priesthoods; the thirdking, Tullus Hostilius, expanded Rome¶s influence andglory through war; and the fourth king, Ancus Marcius,established procedures for declaring war. The remainingkings included the fifth, Tarquinius Priscus; the sixth,

Servius Tullius; and the seventh, Tarquinius Superbus.11 

To judge from our sources, most poleis were

split into two rival poleis,2 one of the rich, who supported

oligarchy, and one of the poor, who preferred democracy.3

The rival parties could also be di·erent ethnic groups livingside by side in the same polis, a situation typical of  poleis

founded by colonists from several di·erent city-states.4 Or 

the community could be polarised around two rival groups

of rich contending for power.5 In all those cases

the purpose of both groups was to control and, if 

necessary, reform the institutions of the city.6 

When the mountain had been gained, and our men were advancing up,

the Boii and Tulingi, who with about 15,000 men closed the enemy's

line of march and served as a guard to their rear, having assailed our

men on the exposed flank as they advanced [prepared] to surround

them; upon seeing which, the Helvetii who had betaken themselves to 

the mountain, began to press on again and renew the battle. The 

Romans having faced about, advanced to the attack in two divisions;

the first and second line, to withstand those who had been def eated

and driven off the field; the third to receive those who were just

arriving. 

Oengus was asleep one night when he saw something like a

young girl coming towards the head of his bed, and she was the

most beautiful woman in Eriu. He made to take her hand and

draw her to his bed, but, as he welcomed her, she vanished

suddenly, and he did not know who had taken her from him. He

remained in bed until the morning , but he was troubled in his

mind: the form he had seen but not spoken to was making him ill.

No food entered his mouth that day. He waited until evening,

and then he saw a timpn in her hand, the sweetest ever, and

she played for him until he fell asleep. Thus he was all night, and

It is possible that it was our ancestors who,several thousand years before the Christian era,

inhabited Scandinavia, in the stone age.

Learned investigations have in every case

proved as most probable and reasonable that

people of the bronze age, both before and after 

the year 1000 B.C., belonged to the same race

as the Northmen of the iron age, so that our heathen era stretches over a space of at least

two thousand years. 

A queue is like the checkout line at the supermarket where the first customer isat the front of the line, the second customer is next in line, and so on until youreach the last customer who is at the back of the line. Customers check out of the supermarket in the order they arrive in the line. That is, the first customer isthe first one to check out. This is referred to as first in, first out (fifo).

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All of this will be put to risk if the Senate does not pass the New START Treaty.

Without ratification this year, the United States will have no inspectors on the ground, and noability to verify Russian nuclear activities. So those who would block this treaty are breakingPresident Reagan¶s rule ± they want to trust, but not verify.

Without ratification, we put at risk the coalition that we have built to put pressure on Iran, andthe transit route through Russia that we use to equip our troops in Afghanistan. And withoutratification, we risk undoing decades of American leadership on nuclear security, and decades of  bipartisanship on this issue. Our security and our position in the world are at stake.

Democracy does not eliminate emotion from politics;sometimes it fosters demagoguery; but it is confident that, athe greatest of democratic leaders put it, you cannot fool al

the people all of the time. It measures leadership by results retires those who overreach or falter or fail.  

The African native thinks that the world and everything in it

must be obedient to sorcerers, magicians who have the power of commanding the elements. This belief is bound up withanother - the continuing existence of the soul after death.

Magicians are able to call on souls to aid their powers. Thesouls of the dead often transmigrate into the bodies of animals, or may even be reincarnated in plants, when the

natives think themselves bound to such by a close link of kinship. Thus the Zulus refrain from killing certain species of snakes which they think are the spirits of their relatives. 

Thus the grove, and the land in whichit is situated, exist after the flames of Ragnarok are extinguished. Was it

thought that the grove after theregeneration was to continue in thelower world and there stand

uninhabited, abandoned, desolate, andwithout a purpose in thefuture existence of gods, men, and

things? 

 A child below the age of seven was called aninfans, a ³non-speaker.´ Later children were collectively known as liberi , a reference, perhaps, to the fact that

they were ³free´ of responsibility. Life began for a Roman infant when his father symbolically acknowledged paternity by picking up the child laid at his feet.Soon thereafter, the baby was placed under the protection of his paterfamilias

and his household gods and given both a name and abulla. 

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Indeed, since the Reagan years, every President has pursued a negotiated, verified, armsreduction treaty.

And every time that these treaties have been reviewed by the Senate, they have passed with over 85 votes. Bipartisan support for New START could not be stronger.

It has been endorsed by Republicans from the Reagan Administration and both BushAdministrations ± including Colin Powell, George Shultz, Jim Baker, and Henry Kissinger. Andit was approved by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee by a strong bipartisan vote of 14-4.

Over the last several months, several questions have been asked about New START, and wehave answered every single one. Some have asked whether it will limit our missile defense ± it

will not. Some, including Senator Jon Kyl, have asked that we modernize our nuclear infrastructure for the 21st century ± we are doing so, and plan to invest at least $85 billion in thateffort over the next ten years ± a significant increase from the Bush Administration.

Bodies were not burned, but were placed in raised mounds in a tightly closed stone

setting or in chests of hollowed trunks of oaks. Later, however, the burning of bodies

became more

and more common;

ashes were preserved in stone vessels or most often in clayurns within the mounds; many times use was made of old mounds from the

stone age. 

And that broken by such engagements and calamities, although they

had f ormerly been very powerful in Gaul, both from their own valor

and from the Roman people's hospitality and friendship, they were 

now compelled to give the chief nobles of their state, as hostages to 

the Sequani, and to bind their state by an oath, that they would

neither demand hostages in return, nor supplicate aid from the 

Roman people, nor refuse to be f orever under their sway and empire. 

Considerable parts of the Roman empire were settled by the Teutons or governed by their swords. The Franks were on the point of entering theChristian Church, and behind them the Alamannians andLongobardians. Their myths and sagas were reconstructed so far as theycould be adapted to the new forms and ideas, and if they, more or lesstransformed, ssumed the garb of a Christian legend, then this guiseenabled them to travel to the utmost limits of Christendom; 

 At the beginning of the Christian era, the Danes,

Norwegians, and Swedes constituted but one tribe,

speaking the same language, Urn.or disk, Primitive

Norse. 

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Finally, some make no argument against the Treaty ± they just ask for more time. But remember this: it has already been 11 months since we¶ve had inspectors in Russia, and every day that goes by without ratification is a day that we lose confidence in our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear 

weapons. If the Senate doesn¶t act this year ± after six months, 18 hearings, and nearly athousand questions answered ± it would have to start over from scratch in January.

The choice is clear: a failure to ratify New START would be a dangerous gamble withAmerica¶s national security, setting back our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons, as wellas our leadership in the world. That is not what the American people sent us to Washington to

do.

There is enough gridlock, enough bickering. If there is one issue that should unite us ± asRepublicans and Democrats ± it should be our national security.

The top of the monolith, which once was inscribed, is broken off, but the missing device, aswe know from the drawings of the earlier travelers, consisted of the simple words, µI am

Cyrus the King, the Achaemenian¶²in keeping with the dignity of the surroundings. 

Unless there was some aid in Caesar and the Roman people, the Gauls must all do the same thing that the Helvetii have 

done, [viz.] emigrate from their country, and seek another dwelling place, other settlements remote from the Germans,

and try whatever f ortune may fall to their lot. If these things were to be disclosed to Ariovistus, [Divitiacus adds] that he 

doubts not that he would inflict the most severe punishment on all the hostages who are in his possession, [and says]

that Caesar could, either by his own influence and by that of his army, or by his late victory, or by name of the Roman

people, intimidate him, so as to prevent a greater number of Germans being brought over the Rhine, and could protect

all Gaul from the outrages of Ariovistus. 

As shall be shown below, the Hvergelmer of the mythologyis the mother-fountain of all waters, and is situated on ahigh plain in the lower world. Thence its waters flow partlynorthward to Nifelheim, partly south to the elysianfields of heathendom, and the waves sent in the latter direction are shinin , clear, and hol  

After that, Ailill's household and the Dagdae's people rose up against the sid and

destroyed it; they brought out three score heads and confined the king to Crachu.

Ailill said to Ethal Anbail 'Give your daughter to the son of the Dagdae.' 'I

cannot,' he said, 'for her power is greater than mine.' 'What great power does she

have?' Ailill asked. 'Being in the form of a bird each day of one year and in human

He was the acknowledged master of all arts, both of war and of peace.

 Among his possessions were a magic spear which slew of itself,and a

hound of most wonderful qualities.His rod-sling was seen in heaven as

the rainbow, and the Milky Way was called 'Lug's chain.' 

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Some things are bigger than politics. As Republican Dick Lugar said the other day, ³EverySenator has an obligation in the national security interest to take a stand, to do his or her duty.´

Senator Lugar is right. And if the Senate passes this treaty, it will not be an achievement for Democrats or Republicans ± it will be a win for America.

Thanks.

 A latifundium is term that is made up of two Latin root words.Latus is a Latin adjective meaning ³wide´ and fundus is a noun

that means ³base,´ ³bottom´ or ³foundation.´ And so a big farmwas literally something with a wide or expansive base or ground. 

Programmers use arrays to store values that arereferenced by a stack. As you¶ll recall from Chapter 3,an array consists of a series of array elements, each of which is similar in concept to a variable. The stack contains the index of the array element that is at the topof the stack.

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[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS PHASE A.a END OF]

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS PHASE B START OF]

Today, I¶d like to speak with you about an issue that is fundamental to America¶s nationalsecurity: the need for the Senate to approve the New START Treaty this year.

This Treaty is rooted in a practice that dates back to Ronald Reagan. The idea is simple ± as the

two nations with over 90 percent of the world¶s nuclear weapons, the United States and Russiahave a responsibility to work together to reduce our arsenals.

At the simplest level, a battle is any clash between organized forces of combatants. 

So contends the thesis of historical determinism. Tolstoy¶s great novel War  and Peace offers a famousstatement of the case.Why, Tolstoy asked, did millions of men in the Napoleonic Wars, denying their human feelings and their common sense, move back and forth across Europe slaughtering their fellows?

³The war,´ Tolstoy answered, ³was bound to happen simply because it was bound to happen.´ All prior history determined it. As for leaders, they, Tolstoy said, ³are but the labels that serve to give a name to anend and, like labels, they have the least possible connection with the event.´ The greater the leader, ³the

more conspicuous the inevitability and the predestination of every act he commits.´ The leader, saidTolstoy, is ³the slave of history.´  

The majority of slaves worked in agriculture and industry. The nature of their workvaried enormously. In farming, for example, one slave might perform the lowest type

of drudgery, actually pulling a plow through a fi eld, while another was privileged toserve as overseer with power over all the farm slaves.In industry, at one end of the spectrum were slaves who performed the dangerouswork of a miner or a quarryman while others produced fi nely fashioned sculptures

or frescoes. Slaves also served on the staff s of political, religious, and militaryleaders, as personal attendants, curriers, and secretaries. Th e navy depended onslaves as oarsmen. Forced to endure diffi cult and dangerous conditions, galley

slaves who rowed below decks were crucial to the success of the Roman navy.Public slaves were the property of the government and kept the city in good workingorder. They cleaned and repaired the streets, sewers, buildings, bridges, and

aqueducts. 

Following the death of Khadija in 621, Muhammad married elevenother women. Tradition relates that he and his followers were invitedto the town of Yathrib by Jewish and Christian tribes after they were

no longer welcome in Mecca. In 622, the first year of the Muslimcalendar, they set out on the Hijra, the emigration to Yathrib, later renamed Medina, meaning "the city" where Muhammad concluded atreaty with the tribes of Medina. A large number of Medinans, knownas the Ansar (helpers), were attracted to Muhammad's cause.

 According to several sources, early versions of Islamic practiceincluded Jewish practices such as the fast of Yom Kippur andprayer to Jerusalem, perhaps influenced by the Jews of Medina.These were eventually dropped, and the direction of prayer wasturned to Mecca.

God can do all the things man is forbidden to do - such as kill people, perform miracles to gratify his will, control without anyapparent responsibility, etc. If man needs such a god andrecognizes that god, then he is worshipping an entity that ahuman being invented. Therefore, HE IS WORSHIPPING BY PROXY THE MAN T HAT

INVENTED GOD. Is it not more sensible to worship a god that he,himself, has created, in accordance with his own emotional needs

 ± one that best represents the very carnal and physical being that

has the idea-power to invent a god in the fir  st pl ace? 

Searches for a planet beyond Neptune were begunin the early twentieth century after someastronomers claimed that such an object wasresponsible for causing perturbations in the orbit of  Neptune ±just as Uranus¶ orbit is perturbed by

 Neptune itself.  

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And to ensure that our national security is protected, the United States has an interest in trackingRussia¶s nuclear arsenal through a verification effort that puts U.S. inspectors on the ground. AsPresident Reagan said when he signed a nuclear arms treaty with the Soviet Union in 1987,³Trust, but verify.´

That is precisely what the New START Treaty does. After nearly a full year of negotiations, wecompleted an agreement earlier this year that cuts by a third the number of long-range nuclear weapons and delivery vehicles that the United States and Russia can deploy, while ensuring thatAmerica retains a strong nuclear deterrent, and can put inspectors back on the ground in Russia.

 [] µ    

,     

    µ  

µ  . 15  ,

   µ    

  . 16   

 ,    

. 17µ    

   µ µ 

µ ,   

, 18 [   ]  , 

µ    µ  ,  

    .

19  µ   [] µ    

µ       

 . 20     

,     

 

 A few months later, Hahn and Strassman published a paper about their experiment in the prestigious German science journal Die Naturwissenschaft.They did not know that Germany's leading scientific publisher had obtained acopy of the manuscript before publication and slipped it to a Britishintelligence agent. In London, the copy was read by an alarmed group of physicists the British government had recruited for scientific intelligence work;they immediately recommended that Britain begin working on a weapon thatwould harness the power of fission. In Moscow, the Soviet Union's leadingnuclear physicist, Igor Kurchatov, read the Hahn-Strassman article withgrowing excitement. A few hours later, he personally recommended to JosephStalin that work begin at once on a Soviet fission bomb. 

But this proportion must in every nation be regulated by two differentcircumstances; first, by the skill, dexterity, and judgment with which its labour isgenerally applied; and, secondly, by the proportion between the number of thosewho are emplo yed in useful labour, and that of those who are not so employed.

Whatever be the soil, climate, or extent of territory of any particular nation, theabundance or scantiness of its annual supply must, in that particular situation,

depend upon those two circumstances. 

After the execution of Louis XVI., for whose life Paine pleaded so

earnestly, -- while in England he was denounced as an accomplice

in the deed, -- he devoted himself to the preparation of a

Constitution, and also to gathering up his religious compositions andadding to them. This manuscript I suppose to have been prepared

in what was variously known as White's Hotel or Philadelphia

House, in Paris, No. 7 Passage des Petits Peres. This compilation

of early and fresh manuscripts (if my theory be correct) was

labelled, "The Age of Reason," and given for translation to

Francois Lanthenas in March 1793. It is entered, in Qudrard (La

France Literaire) under the year 1793, but with the title "L'Age

de la Raison" instead of that which it bore in 1794, "Le Siecle de

la Raison." The latter, printed "Au Burcau de l'imprimerie, rue du

Theatre-Francais, No. 4," is said to be by "Thomas Paine, Citoyen

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The Treaty also helped us reset our relations with Russia, which led to concrete benefits. For instance, Russia has been indispensable to our efforts to enforce strong sanctions on Iran, tosecure loose nuclear material from terrorists, and to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

All of this will be put to risk  if the Senate does not pass the New START Treaty.

The great majority of those who told and wrote aboutJesus did so as his devoted admirers, some even ashis worshipers. But others, including Josephus himself,as well as the Roman senator Tacitus, writing c. 115C.E., mention Jesus and his followers with hostility or contempt.10Yet nearly all of these, advocates andadversaries alike, placed Jesus of Nazareth and themovement he started within the context of ³the recenttroubles in Judea.  ́

MISHNAH 3. ANTIGONUS10 (A MAN) OF SOCHO11 RECEIVED [THEORAL TRADITION] FROM SIMEON THE RIGHTEOUS. HE USED TO SAY:BE NOT LIKE UNTO SERVANTS WHO SERVE THE MASTER IN THEEXPECTATION OF RECEIVING A GRATUITY,12 BUT BE LIKE UNTOSERVANTS WHO SERVE THE MASTER WITHOUT THE EXPECTATIONOF RECEIVING A GRATUITY, AND LET THE FEAR OF HEAVEN13 BEUPON YOU.14 MISHNAH 4. JOSE15 B. JO'EZER (A MAN) OF ZEREDAH,16

AND JOSE B. JOHANAN [A MAN] OF JERUSALEM RECEIVED [THEORAL TRADITION] FROM THEM [I.E. SIMEON THE RIGHTEOUS ANDANTIGONUS]. JOSE. B. JO'EZER 17 USED TO SAY: LET THY HOUSE BE AHOUSE OF MEETING FOR THE SAGES AND SUFFER THYSELF TO BE

COVERED BY THE DUST OF THEIR FEET,18 AND DRINK IN THEIR WORDS WITH THIRST. 

The Second Crusade (11471149) had accomplished almost

nothing. Bernard of Clairvaux bore the brunt of the criticism. His

overenthusiastic promotion of the crusade made him sensitive to

its failure. As a result, he and later preachers began to put more

emphasis on the spiritual preparation of the crusaders. They

argued that failure showed that the crusaders needed to make

themselves more worthy of divine aid. Still, failure did not dampen

ardor for the crusade. 

-, . Dor. -, f.,to re-echo. ',Prep, with gen. : orig. sense over against: I.

of Place, opposite, before. II. to denote worth,value, put for, for, Lat. pro, instar ; \koTi, he is worth many people: hence I.in return for. 2. for the sake of. 3. insteadof, for. 4. to mark comparison; %v'kvos one set against the other, compared with it. 5. With verbs of entreaty, like irpos withgen., by, Lat. per.

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Without ratification this year, the United States will have no inspectors on the ground, and noability to verify Russian nuclear activities. So those who would block this treaty are breakingPresident Reagan¶s rule ± they want to trust, but not verify.

Without ratification, we put at risk the coalition that we have built to put pressure on Iran, andthe transit route through Russia that we use to equip our troops in Afghanistan. And withoutratification, we risk undoing decades of American leadership on nuclear security, and decades of  bipartisanship on this issue. Our security and our position in the world are at stake.

I have left the text as it stands in the original, without alluding to thhypothesis recently started by Maxim Kovalevsky, according towhich the partition of the arable and meadow lands among themembers of the Mark was preceded by their being cultivated for 

 joint-account by a large patriarchal family community, embracingseveral generations (as exemplified by the still existing SouthSlavonian Zadruga), and that the partition, later on, took place whethe community had increased, so as to become too unwieldy for 

 joint-account management. Kovalevsky is probably quite right, butthe matter is still sub judice [under consideration]. 

21. If he is secure at all points, be preparedfor him. If he is in superior strength, evadehim.22. If your opponent is of choleric temper,

seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, thathe may growarrogant. 

The word value, it is to be observed, has twodifferent meanings, and sometimes expressesthe utility of some particular object, andsometimes the power of purchasing other goods which the possession of that object

conveys. The one may be called "value inuse"; the other, "value in exchange." Thethings which have the greatest value in usehave frequently little or no value in exchange;and, on the contrary, those which have thegreatest value in exchange have frequentlylittle or no value in use. Nothing is moreuseful than water: but it will purchase scarceanything; scarce anything can be had inexchange for it. A diamond, on the contrary,has scarce any value in use; but a very greatquantity of other goods may frequently

 be had in exchange for it. 

When Moses and Haroon went to P haroah and delivered t hismessage , he said: "Well, who is your Lord O Moses?"[49] Moses replied: "Our Lord is He Who has given a distinctiveform to all creatures and then rightly guided them."[50] P haroah asked: "What do you say about the condition of previous generations?"[51] Moses replied: "That knowledgeis with my Lord, duly recorded in a Book. He neither makes amistake nor does He forget."[52] He is the One Who hasmade the earth a cradle for you, traced the roads on it for youto walk on; and sends down water from the sky with whichWe produce pairs of various kinds of vegetation[53] - eatfrom these yourselves and pasture your cattle. Surely there

are Signs in it for those who use their brains.[54] 20:[49-54] 

The Fourth Lateran Council convenesand implements major reforms for secular 

clergy.The Poor Clares, a Franciscan order for women, is formed. Magna Carta (The GreatCharter) is issued by King John of England,granting privileges to ³all the free men of our realm,´ and establishing precedent for suchmodern practices as due process of the law andtrial by jury. Chinggis Khan¶s army takes

Beijing. 

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Indeed, since the Reagan years, every President has pursued a negotiated, verified, armsreduction treaty. And every time that these treaties have been reviewed by the Senate, they have passed with over 85 votes.

Bipartisan support for New START could not be stronger. It has been endorsed by Republicansfrom the Reagan Administration and both Bush Administrations ± including Colin Powell,George Shultz, Jim Baker, and Henry Kissinger. And it was approved by the Senate ForeignRelations Committee by a strong bipartisan vote of 14-4.

You would never vote for a person or issue you did not believe in, so why cast your ecclesiastical vote for a religionwhich is not consistent with your convictions? You have noright to complain about a political situation you have voted for or supported in any way - which includes sitting back andcomplacently agreeing with neighbors who approve the

situation, just because you are too lazy or cowardly to speak your mind. So it is with religious balloting. Even if you cannot be aggressively honest about your opinions because of unfavorable consequences from employers, communityleaders, etc., you can, at least, be honest with yourself. In the privacy of your own home and with close friends you must 

support religion which has YOUR  best interests at heart. 

The ideas of Protestant Reformers like Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli spread through German cities andhe surrounding countryside quickly during the 1520s.

Outlawed by imperial edict, Luther¶s views continuedo attract significant support, particularly in the

empire¶s towns and among some of its most prominentnobility. Growing tension between Protestant andCatholic factions of towns and the nobility producedbrief, but vicious religious wars followed by attempts ateconciliation between both sides. In 1555, leaders

crafted a compromise between the two opposingeligious factions. Known as the Peace of Augsburg,his treaty stipulated that German rulers possessedhe power to sanction either Lutheranism or 

Catholicism within their territories. 

In Galileo¶s day, the teachings of the Greek philosophersAristotle and Ptolemy had held sway in the western worldfor some 1,600 years, helped in no small measure by beingthoroughly approved of by the Roman Catholic Church,then the pre-eminent European political power. Theseancient imaginings had created a Universe that was made of 

objects whose nature was perfect and forever unchanging.Aristotle (384±322 BCE) had proposed a Universe withno fewer than 55 crystalline spheres, all rotating about amotionless, central Earth. All the five known planets, theMoon, the Sun, and the stars were supposed to be fastenedto these spheres, and they moved around Earth in perfectcircles. Galileo¶s observations could not be reconciled withthese ancient geocentric theories of the Universe andinstead supported the revolutionary heliocentricUniverse of Copernicus, in which the Sun was deemed to bethe center of the Solar System and only the Moon revolved

around Earth.

 All praise is due to Allah and may His peaceand blessings be upon His Messenger and hiscompanions and family.

 Allah says: {And let not those who disbelieve 

think  they will escape. Indeed, they will not 

cause failure} [8: 59] We, in the al Qaeda of the Arabian Peninsula would like to convey to our nation the glad news and the awaited surprise:We have been enabled by Allah to blowup aUPS cargo plane on the 3rd of September,2010, after its take off from Dubai International

 Airport. 

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Over the last several months, several questions have been asked about New START, and wehave answered every single one. Some have asked whether it will limit our missile defense ± itwill not. Some, including Senator Jon Kyl, have asked that we modernize our nuclear infrastructure for the 21st century ± we are doing so, and plan to invest at least $85 billion in thateffort over the next ten years ± a significant increase from the Bush Administration.

Finally, some make no argument against the Treaty ± they just ask for more time. But remember this: it has already been 11 months since we¶ve had inspectors in Russia, and every day that goes

But in many important cases the exercise of a nature gives rise to a completechange: seeing, contemplating, and living. The complete/ incomplete distinctionis not important for the first part of  (Chapters 1±5); and, as noted earlier (§1

above), its significance for Chapters 6±9 is disputed. It is easier for Aristotle toallow the distinction to lie in the background so long as the case of nature as anorigin is not the focus of attention. (iii) Aristotle¶s interest in Metaphy sics  is

the distinction and the correlation between the potential and the actual. Thefact that potentiality is correlated with actuality is more immediately obvious in

the case of capacities and changes than in the case of natures. If I say thatsomething is capable, then grammar requires me to say what it is capable of ,and if I refer to a capacity, I am required to refer to it as a capacit y  for such and

such (compare 8, 1049b12±17, and Commentary, Chapter 8, §3: this point

underpins Aristotle¶s argument that actuality is prior to potentiality in account).There is not the same grammatical pressure as regards talk of natures. I

can say that horses are natural organisms, and refer to their equinenature without specifying the complete and incomplete changeswhich stand to that nature as the actual to the potential.  

Go to Pharoah and tell him: "We are the Messengers from the Lord of the Worlds.[16] You should sendwith us the Children of Israel."[17] When t hey went to P haroah and convey ed t he Message of Allah, hesaid: "Did we not cherish you when you were a child? Did you not stay several years of your life amongus?[18] Then you did what you did; you are so ungrateful!"[19] Moses replied: "I did that when I was amisguided youth.[20] I fled from you all because I feared you; but now my Lord has granted mewisdom and appointed me as one of His Messengers.[21] Is it a favor with which you taunt me, thatyou have enslaved the Children of Israel?"[22] Pharoah said: "Who is this Lord of the Worlds?"[23] Moses replied: "He is the Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that lies between them, if you reallycare to believe."[24] P haroah said to those around him, "Do you hear that?"[25] Moses continued: "Heis your Lord and the Lord of your forefathers."[26] P haroah interjected: "This Messenger of yours, whohas been sent to you, is crazy."[27] Moses continued:" He is the Lord of the east and west, and all thatlies between them. If you would only care and try to understand." [28]  At t his, P haroah, w ho did not want to listen any more said: "If you serve any other god besides me, I shall have you thrown intoprison."[29]  At t his, Moses said: "What if I show you a convincing sign?"[30] P haroah said: "Go ahead,show it if you are of the truthful."[31] Hearing t his, Moses threw down his staff, and thereupon itchanged into a veritable serpent.[32] Then he drew forth his hand and it became shining bright for thespectators.[33] 26:[10-33] 

 According to the folktale, Job withstands the testhe satan retreats, and ³the Lord restored thefortunes of Job . . . and he gave him twice asmuch as he had before´ (42:10).Here the satanterrifies and harms a person but, like the angel odeath, remains an angel, a member of theheavenly court, God¶s obedient servant.

 Around the time Job was written (c. 550 B.C.E.),however, other biblical writers invoked the satan

to account for division within Israel.12 

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 by without ratification is a day that we lose confidence in our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons. If the Senate doesn¶t act this year ± after six months, 18 hearings, and nearly athousand questions answered ± it would have to start over from scratch in January.

In the progress of industry, commercial nations have found it convenient to coin several different metals intomoney; gold for larger payments, silver for purchases of moderate value, and copper, or some other coarse metal,for those of still smaller consideration. They have always, however, considered one of those metals as morepeculiarly the measure of value than any of the other two; and this preference seems ge nerally to have been givento the metal which they happened first to make use of as the instrument of commerce. Having once begun to use itas their standard, which they must have done when they had no other money, they have generally continued to doso even when the necessity was not the same. The Romans are said to have had nothing but copper money tillwithin five years before the first Punic war, when they first began to coin silver. Copper, therefore, appears to havecontinued always the measure of value in that republic. At Rome all accounts appear to have been kept, and thevalue of all estates to have been computed either in asses or in sestertii. The as was always the denomination of acopper coin. The word sestertius signifies two asses and a half. Though the sestertius, therefore, was originally asilver coin, its value was estimated in copper. At Rome, one who owed a great deal of money was said to have agreat deal of other people's copper. The northern nations who established themselves upon the ruins of the Romanempire, seem to have had silver money from the first beginning of their settlements, and not to have known either gold or copper coins for several ages thereafter. There were silver coins in England in the time of the Saxons; butthere was little gold coined till the time of Edward III nor any copper till that of James I of Great Britain. InEngland, therefore, and for the same reason, I believe, in all other modern nations of Europe, all accounts are kept,and the value of all goods and of all estates is generally computed in silver: and when we mean to express theamount of a person's fortune, we seldom mention the number of guineas, but the number of pounds sterling whichwe suppose would be given for it. 

Hun Invasion of the Roman Empire:Sirmium, 441; Asemus, Chersonesus,Constantinople, 443; Utus, 447; Chalons,

451; Aquileia, 452 Wars of the SixDynasties: Huatai, 450; Xuyi, 451; Jiankang

548±549; Jiankang, 589 Christian Rising inArmenia: Avarayr, 451 Hun-Ostrogoth War

 Nedao, 454; Bassianae, 468 Anglo-Saxon

Conquest of Britain: Aegelsthrep, 456;Creccanford, 457; Wippedesfleet, 465;

Cymensore, 477; Mearcredesburn, 485;Anderida, 491; Mons Badonicus, 497;Charford, 508; Camlann, 515; Charford, 519

Carisbrook, 530; Searobyrg, 552; Beranbyrg556; Wibbandun, 568; Bedcanford, 571;

Arthuret, 573; Deorham, 577; Fethanleag,

583 

Son of God, and of his dying to appease the

wrath of God, and of salvation by that

strange means, are all fabulous inventions,

dishonourable to the wisdom and power of theAlmighty; -- that the only true religion is

deism, by which I then meant and now mean

the belief of one God, and an imitation of his

moral character, or the practice of what are

called moral virtues; -- and that it was upon

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The choice is clear: a failure to ratify New START would be a dangerous gamble withAmerica¶s national security, setting back our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons, as wellas our leadership in the world. That is not what the American people sent us to Washington todo.

There is enough gridlock, enough bickering. If there is one issue that should unite us ± asRepublicans and Democrats ± it should be our national security.

Some things are bigger than politics. As Republican Dick Lugar said the other day, ³EverySenator has an obligation in the national security interest to take a stand, to do his or her duty.´

The much-reduced kingdom of Jerusalem, with its new

capital at Acre, was left in the hands of Henry of

Champagne, who had married Isabella I. Guy of Lusignan was

compensated with Cyprus, which Richard had seized from

its Greek ruler during the Third Crusade. The island would

remain under the rule of the Lusignan family until 1489 and

was one of the last Christian outposts in the East when it

was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1573. 

But before there was argumentation, there was action.  Im Anf ang war die That . [from Goethe's F aust : "In thebeginning was the deed."] And human action had solved thedifficulty long before human ingenuity invented it. The proof of the pudding is in the eating. From the moment we turn toour own use these objects, according to the qualities weperceive in them, we put to an infallible test the correctnessor otherwise of our sense-perception. If these perceptionshave been wrong, then our estimate of the use to which anobject can be turned must also be wrong, and our attemptmust fail. But, if we succeed in accomplishing our aim, if wefind that the object does agree with our idea of it, and does

answer the purpose we intended it for, then that is proof positive that our perceptions of it and of itsqualities, so f ar , agree with reality outside ourselves. 

Romans, as we have seen, lived in a class-conscious society, and libertini 

were near the bottom. In spite of their newly acquired status as citizensand the legal protection this aff orded them, libertini endured many forms

of social prejudice. Th ose who worked hard and earned enough money to

insure a comfortable life for themselves and for their children were oftenlooked down upon by more established citizens as greedy opportunists.Why did the Romans willingly grant freedom and the right of citizenship to

so many former slaves? Surely many slaves were manumitted because of a genuine sense of gratitude or aff ection on the part of their owners, or asa reward for exceptional service, or even as an incentive to ensure the

coo eration of other slaves.

Construction was fairly straightforward. First, thick gauge grip tape was added around the edges of both

lenses. Next, two tubes were made from thin card ± one for the objective (the main tube) and a smaller onefor the eyepiece drawtube; the card was simply rolled around the lenses and secured in place on the outer edge with Scotch tape. Obviously, the length and width of the tubing will vary with the focal length of thelenses chosen; our telescope tubing was made from a single sheet of A4-sized card. An attractive design based on the original colors of Galileo¶s telescope was used as the print for the exterior of the card; notethat to improve the quality of the telescopic view, the interior of the tubing should ideally be colored matt

 black. 

ALL other things partake in a portion of everything, while Nous is infinite and self-ruled, and is mixed with nothing, but is alone, itse

itself. For if it were not by itself, but were mixed with anything else, it would partake in all things if it weremixed with any; f or in

everything there is a portion of everything, as has been said by me in what goes bef ore, and the things mixed with it would hinder it

that it would have power over nothing in the same way that it has now being alone by itself. For it is the thinnest of all things and th

purest, and it has all knowledge about everything and the greatest strength; and Nous has power over all things, both greater and

smaller, that have <soul>. And Nous had power over thewhole revolution, so that it began to revolve in thebeginning. And it began

revolve first from a small beginning; but the revolution now extends over a larger space, and will extend over a larger still. And all th

things that aremingled together and separated off and distinguished are all known by Nous. And Nous set in order all things that we

to be, and all things that were and are not now and that are, and this revolution in which now revolve the stars and the sun and the

moon, and the air and the aether that are separated off. And this revolution caused the separatingoff, and the rare is separated off

from thedense, thewarm from the cold, the light from the dark, and the dry from themoist. And there aremany portions in many

things. But no thing is altogether separated off nor distinguished from anything else except Nous. And all Nous is alike, both the grea

and the smaller; while nothing else is like anything else, but each single thing is and was most manif estly those things of which it ha

most in it.

[Late 17th century. < Greek,

"intelligence"]

[Early 16th century. < Latin intelligent-,present participle of intellegere

"perceive, discern" < inter- "between"

+ legere "choose, read"] 

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Senator Lugar is right. And if the Senate passes this treaty, it will not be an achievement for Democrats or Republicans ± it will be a win for America.

Thanks.

For men of firm disposition can fix their mind on the matter beforethem and overlook external disturbances. He therefore found out whisoldiers were on duty in the various towers. He learnt that in one placthe "Immortals" were on guard (this is the most select regiment of the Roman army) and in another the Varangians from Thule[*By some interpreted as the British Isles, by others as part of Scandinavia, particularly Thyland in Jutland.] (by these I meanthe [64] axe-bearing barbarians) and in yet another the Nemitzi[*Germans] (these too are a barbaric tribe who have beensubjects of the Roman Empire from of old); and he thereuponadvised Alexius not to make an offer to the Varangians or the

Immortals. 

Strabo mentions the customs of Druids but says thatthe Romans put a stop to the practice of humansacrifice and the taking and collecting of heads. In48 A.D. the Roman Emperor Claudius I (who was, infact, born at Lyon, France) welcomed Gallic noblesinto the Roman Senate. However, at the same timehe suppressed Celtic priests and the Druidicreligion. He replaced native gods with their Romancounterparts and encouraged the population to

worship the emperor as a god himself. 

But though North America is not yet so rich as England, itis much more thriving, and advancing with much greater 

rapidity to the further acquisition of riches. The mostdecisive mark of the prosperity of any country is theincrease of the number of its inhabitants. In GreatBritain, and most other European countries, they are notsupposed to double in less than five hundred years. In theBritish colonies in North America, it has been found thatthey double in twenty or five-and-twenty years. Nor in the

 present times is this increase principally owing to thecontinual importation of new inhabitants, but to the greatmultiplication of the species.Those who live to old age, it is said, frequently see therefrom fifty to a hundred, and sometimes many more,descendants from their own body. Labour is there so wellrewarded that a numerous family of children, instead of 

 being a burthen, is a source of opulence and prosperity to

the parents. 

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[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS PHASE B END OF]

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS PHASE C START OF]

Today, I¶d like to speak with you about an issue that is fundamental to America¶s nationalsecurity: the need for the Senate to approve the New START Treaty this year.

We, the multinational people of the Russian Federation,

united by a common fate on our land, establishing humanrights and freedoms, civic peace and accord, preservingthe historically established state unity, proceeding fromthe universally recognized principles of equality and self-determination of peoples, revering the memory of ancestors who have conveyed to us the love for theFatherland, belief in the good and justice, reviving thesovereign statehood of Russia and asserting the firmnessof its democratic basic, striving to ensure the well-beingand prosperity of Russia, proceeding from theresponsibility for our Fatherland before the present andfuture generations, recognizing ourselves as part of theworld community, adopt the CONSTITUTION OF  THE  RUSSIAN 

FEDERATION. 

Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become aLaw, be presented to the President of the United States; Ifhe approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it,with his Objections to that House in which it shall haveoriginated, who shall enter the Objections at large ontheir Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such

Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with theObjections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise

 be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that

House, it shall become a Law. 

In April 1845, after considerable experimentationwith the techniques needed to build very large reflectors,he constructed his huge telescope, ³Leviathan,´which had a 72-inch (1.8m) mirror. Then the largesttelescope in the world, it was

set up in the gardens of his Irish estate at Birr castle and was so cumbersome that severalpeople were required to operate it. 

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This Treaty is rooted in a practice that dates back to Ronald Reagan. The idea is simple ± as thetwo nations with over 90 percent of the world¶s nuclear weapons, the United States and Russiahave a responsibility to work together to reduce our arsenals.

And to ensure that our national security is protected, the United States has an interest in trackingRussia¶s nuclear arsenal through a verification effort that puts U.S. inspectors on the ground. AsPresident Reagan said when he signed a nuclear arms treaty with the Soviet Union in 1987,³Trust, but verify.´

Venice arsenal, at the time the world's mostadvanced naval research center. The Venetians

who ran a lucrative trading empire, weredetermined to protect their precious merchant flewith state of-the-art naval technology. 

If NASA had pretended to send the astronauts into a lunar night, the problem would have been worse, since the LEM

used only batteries for power, and batteries don't runspotlights very long. Leave your headlights on for a whilewhen your car is parked if you think I jest. And car headlights are birthday candles compared to seriousspotlights. So after spending a fortune (ours) to build that planetarium, theyfound it was unusable. Then they were reduced toobfuscating the brilliant stars and planets of space by havingthe astronauts pronounce them as dim and fuzzy, and theywere forced to maintain that lie down through the years.Today, a computer using enhancement and digitized graphicscould fool the world's greatest field astronomer. But this is

now, and that was then.  

The Book of Mormon states that after Jesus' ascen

he returned to earth and appeared on the American

continent. He personally handpicked and trained

twelve Nephite disciples, and commissioned them

minister unto the rest of the Nephites (3 Nephi 12:1,

12). It is clear that, according to the Book of Morm

these Twelve Disciples ministered among the Nep

in an ordained apostolic capacity (3 Ne. 18; 19; 27; 28

Moroni 2:2). ³In writing about the Book of Mormon

Prophet [Joseph Smith] said that it µtells us that ou

Savior made his appearance upon this continent af

his resurrection; that he planted the gospel here in

fullness, and richness, and power, and blessing; th

they had a postles, prophets, pastors, teachers, and

evangelists; the same order, the same priesthood, a

same ordinances, gifts, powers, and blessings as w

enjoyed on the eastern continent.¶ 

This trust responsibility also produced a legal obligation of f ederal

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES to protect tribal interests when those 

interests might be compromised by government action, such as the 

licensing of a dam with adverse environmental eff ects. On the political

side, the idea of trust responsibility gradually blossomed into massive 

programs to assist indians in adjusting to the economic and political

institutions of the West.

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That is precisely what the New START Treaty does. After nearly a full year of negotiations, wecompleted an agreement earlier this year that cuts by a third the number of long-range nuclear weapons and delivery vehicles that the United States and Russia can deploy, while ensuring thatAmerica retains a strong nuclear deterrent, and can put inspectors back on the ground inRussia.

The Treaty also helped us reset our relations with Russia, which led to concrete benefits. For instance, Russia has been indispensable to our efforts to enforce strong sanctions on Iran, tosecure loose nuclear material from terrorists, and to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

We were plopped right in the middle of nowhere. It waslike being in Amarillo, Texas, before the city was built.We dug in and had a ¤nal meeting before the attack.The problem was I still didn¶t know precisely where thispoint was that we were going to go, and I don¶t knowhow we were going to find it, but we had to keepmoving.

Colton1) a member of the support staff of the Royal House of 

 Alderaan, Colton was the owner of C-3PO and R2-D2during the early years of Palpatine's rule as Emperor. He brought the two droids toone of Palpatine's balls, where C-3PO mistook DarthVader for a GuardDroid.Colton demoted C-3PO to preschool teaching duty for theoffense. I n t he Star Wars novelization, it is inferred t hat Colton was t heCaptain of t he Tantive IV, alt houg h t he t he Star Wars filmscript, t he Captain's name was Antilles. (SWN, EGC)2) this New Republic Naval Ensign served aboard theFarStar during its travels through Kathol Sector. (KO)3) this New Republic Lieutenant served as the weaponsofficer aboard the Home One, serving under Admiral

 Ackbar during the

liberation of Ciutric. (IR) 

But in Genesis speaks of the earth, animals, man and

woman. This rules out the possibility of the existence of 

other worlds or living beings in the universe? 

In my opinion this possibility exists. Astronomers believe 

that the universe is made up of one hundred billion galaxies,

each of which consists of a hundred billion stars. Many of 

these, or almost all, could have planets. How can we exclude 

that lif e has developed elsewhere? There is a branch of 

astronomy, astrobiology, which studies this aspect and that

has made much progress in recent years. By examining the 

spectra of light coming from stars and planets, will soon be 

able to identify elements of their atmospheres - the so-

called biomakers - and whether there are conditions f or the 

emergence and development of lif e. After all, lif e f orms

could exist in theory even without oxygen or hydrogen.

It also ref ers to beings like ourselves or more advanced? 

Possibly. So far we have no proof. But certainly in a

universe so big we cannot exclude this hypothesis.

And this would not be a problem f or our faith? 

I think not. As there is a multiplicity of creatures on earth,

so there could be other beings, even intelligent, created by

God this does not contradict our faith because we can not

put limits on God's creative freedom to say it with St.

Francis, if we consider the earthly creatures as "brother"

and "sister," why can not we also speak of an

"extraterrestrial brother"? Would an art of creation.

The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Armyand Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of theseveral States, when called into the actual Service of theUnited States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Offi cer in each of the executive Departments,upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respectiveOffi ces, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves andPardons for Offenses against the United States, except in

Cases of Impeachment. 

Justice Rehnquist said, µµperhaps in no other area has the Court accorded such deference to Congress.¶¶ Furthermore, he said, courts have little competence in this area: µµThe complex, subtle, and professional decisions as to the composition, training, equipping, and control of  a military force are essentially professional military judgments, sub ject always to civilian control of  the Legislative and Executive branches.¶¶ The rest followed easily for Rehnquist: any future draft would be  designed to produce combat troops; women were 

ineligible for combat; therefore, women and men were µµnot similarly situated¶¶ and need not be treated equally. 

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All of this will be put to risk if the Senate does not pass the New START Treaty.

Without ratification this year, the United States will have no inspectors on the ground, and noability to verify Russian nuclear activities. So those who would block this treaty are breakingPresident Reagan¶s rule ± they want to trust, but not verify.

Without ratification, we put at risk the coalition that we have built to put pressure on Iran, andthe transit route through Russia that we use to equip our troops in Afghanistan. And without

The truth is that a little known ³policy from on high´ rulesthe agency, often to the dismay of those that work at theagency. It heavily controls the kind of information the public is allowed to see and hear. But now and then, r eal information finds its way out through a crack here andthere into the light of day. You will see a number of examples providing proof of how information iscontrolled. 

I did want to announce a major decision I had made: 

The United States would consider any nation that

harbored terrorists to be responsible f or the acts of 

those terrorists. This new doctrine overturned the 

approach of the past, which treated terrorist groups

as distinct from their sponsors. We had to f orce 

nations to choose whether they would fight the 

terrorists or share in their fate. And we had to wage 

this war on the off ense, by attacking the terrorists

overseas bef ore they could attack us again at home.

How well these stories are told, the subtlety of the arguments and the 

quality of the evidence, will vary by author, and I wont deny my

pref erence f or the story the Democrats tell, nor my belief that the 

arguments of liberals are more often grounded in reason and fact. In

distilled f orm, though, the explanations of both the right and the left have 

become mirror images of each other. They are stories of conspiracy, of 

America being hijacked by an evil cabal. Like all good conspiracy theories,both tales contain just enough truth to satisfy those predisposed to believe 

in them, without admitting any contradictions that might shake up those 

assumptions. Their purpose is not to persuade the other side but to keep

their bases agitated and assured of the rightness of their respective 

causes and lure just enough new adherents to beat the other side into 

submission.

Prof essional astronomers do not actually look through their telescopes. They use 

them to record images on film or on computers.

Diff erent types of telescopes can also reveal rays of light that are 

invisible to human eyes, such as radio waves.

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ratification, we risk undoing decades of American leadership on nuclear security, and decades of  bipartisanship on this issue. Our security and our position in the world are at stake.

Indeed, since the Reagan years, every President has pursued a negotiated, verified, arms

reduction treaty.

And every time that these treaties have been reviewed by the Senate, they have passed with over 85 votes. Bipartisan support for New START could not be stronger.

Over 200 years after the American Revolution,myth and folklore have long replaced historical

truth. To most Americans, the former is so muchmore enjoyable and convenient than the latter.Because of this fact, it is easy for today's political leaders to remake yesterday's politicalleaders. Sadly, our heritage is lost in the process,and ignorance reigns. 

When the Spaniards devised large pontoon bridgesas a countermeasure to Stevin's flood weapon,he quickly came up with a counter-counterweapon,the world's first guided missile. In 1590 theSpaniards had constructed a huge pontoon bridgeover flooded land to besiege Antwerp. Working witha group of Italian naval engineers Maurice hadrecruited, Stevin supervised the construction of afloating time bomb²an ordinary merchant shipwhose hull was lined with bricks and packed withgunpowder and scrap iron. 

To predict the metal abundance of stars in a galaxy, we first need to

estimate the birthrate of stars at each mass.We can then calculate ho

much of each element is released back to the interstellar gas over tim

In the Milky Way, long-lived stars that were born soon after the disk

formed are now returning metal-poor gas, so the abundance of heavy

elements in the gas is growing only slowly. The chemical composition of

the new stars also depends on how gas moves within the galaxy, since

Figure 4.15 shows that the clock of metal enrichment runs more slowly

the outer regions. We require chemodynamical models, which are still

On the steps a short distance from the great, brooding statue of the nations sixteenth president, the 

Great Emancipator, the last speaker of the day stepped to the microphone to address the mammoth 

crowd and a television and radio audience that reached into the millions. Short, stocky, dressed in a bla

suit, he was the son and grandson of preachers, descendants of slaves freed in the time of Lincoln and t

Civil War. He was the man around whom much of the Civil Rights movement in the United States had

turnedDr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

While F-14s or computer viruses or even H. G. Wells's microbes might not be able to protect us f r om 

the sheer terr or  generated by the, attack of a 15-mile-wide floating saucer, Isaac Newton would²sortof. Newton's laws would ensure that you'd probably be dead before you had time to get terrified. Even3 50 years after the fact, Hollywood still has to get past Newton before it can indulge in all the fancystuff. Alas, the aliens piloting the Mother Ship in the blockbuster  I ndependence Day seem to have

skipped that semester back home. 

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It has been endorsed by Republicans from the Reagan Administration and both BushAdministrations ± including Colin Powell, George Shultz, Jim Baker, and Henry Kissinger. Andit was approved by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee by a strong bipartisan vote of 14-4.

Over the last several months, several questions have been asked about New START, and wehave answered every single one. Some have asked whether it will limit our missile defense ± itwill not. Some, including Senator Jon Kyl, have asked that we modernize our nuclear 

Afghanistan¶s fate has been determined, more thananything, by its position on the globe. A persuasivecurrent of scholarly theory about the nature of 

empires has it that geographic determinism² the lay of the land as well as its weather²helpsdefine which territories become centers of empiresand which remain battle-scarred frontier lands lodged

 between competing powers. Confluences of waterways and other transportation routes and natural

defenses help form the centers of power.  

The first person known to have described the "f emale prostate" inWestern

medical literature was Reinier De Graaf (1641-1673) in the year 1672. He 

described it as a collection of functional glands and ducts surrounding the 

f emale urethra. He said the glands and ducts produced a "pituitoserous 

 juice;" meaning it produces a thick mucous that is pale yellow or transparent

in color.He said the function of this fluid was to make "women more 

libidinous with its pungency and saltiness and lubricates their sexual parts in

agreeable fashion during coitus." Despite his observation modernWestern

medicine did not fully accept the concept of a "f emale prostate" until 2001

when the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology agreed to use 

this term in their next edition of Histology Terminology .

SCI

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infrastructure for the 21st century ± we are doing so, and plan to invest at least $85 billion in thateffort over the next ten years ± a significant increase from the Bush Administration.

he industry also includes businesses which produce and distribute sex toys and which enable people to meet to engage in sexual activities, suchas sex clubs, gay bathhouse, darkroom, and others.In the United States, the pornographic filmindustry is centered in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, with an estimated 200 productioncompanies in the region employing as many as1,5000 performers, making up to 11,000 films and

estimated to earn as much as $13 billion a year. [1] In 2002, there were at least 2,500 strip clubs in theUnited States generating an estimated revenue of US$3.1 billion, 19% of the legal adultentertainment.[2] By 2010, the number of clubs in

the U.S. has grown to approximately 4,000.[3] 

PIC

NAT

The name the Picts called themselves is unknown.[2]

The Latin word

P icti first occurs in a panegyric written by Eumenius in AD 297 and is

taken to mean "painted or tattooed people" (Latin pingo "to paint";[3

 pictus, "painted", cf. Greek "" - puktis, "picture").[4]

Their Old

English name gave the modern Scots f orm P echts and the Welsh word

Fichti .[5]

They, unlike the rest of the Celts, however, did not paint thei

whole body only their face, when preparing f or battle.

In addition to knowing the

strengths and weaknesses of

yourself and

your competitor, you must also

know the "terrain" on which you

will

be fighting, the business

environment in which you will

operate.

When employing troops it is essential to 

know beforehand the conditions of  the terrain. K nowing the distances, one can make 

use of  an indirect or a direct plan. If  he knows the degree of  ease or difficulty of  

traversing the ground he can estimate the advantages of  using infantry or cavalry. If  

one knows where the ground 

It has to be noted that the 

original Art of War does not

have the word porn or sex even though it allows

interpretations to def eat the 

enemy on the given

battlefield.

To be Immoral during war

times does not mean abusing

people who cannot help

themselves

NATURAL AND / OR

PHOTOSHOPED ? W

IS BETTER WHAT IS

WORSE? CAN THIS

REALITY / REALITY

TRULY LEGITIMIZE T

ISLAMIC STATES WA

AGAINST WHAT IS N

CALLED THE WEST?

THIS A TRUE GREEK

ROMAN BASED SEXU

MORALITY? 

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Finally, some make no argument against the Treaty ± they just ask for more time. But remember this: it has already been 11 months since we¶ve had inspectors in Russia, and every day that goes by without ratification is a day that we lose confidence in our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons. If the Senate doesn¶t act this year ± after six months, 18 hearings, and nearly a

thousand questions answered ± it would have to start over from scratch in January.

The choice is clear: a failure to ratify New START would be a dangerous gamble withAmerica¶s national security, setting back our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons, as well

as our leadership in the world. That is not what the American people sent us to Washington todo.

When the military services practice discrimination based on race or sex or SEXUAL OR IENTATION, they do not 

merely reflect patterns in the larger society; they reinforce

those patterns in ways both instrumental and expressive. 

In the United States as in Europe, effective citizenship 

The concept of the Western world has its roots in Greco-

Roman civilization in Europe, the advent of Christianity, and

the Great Schism in the 11th Century which divided the 

religion into Eastern and Western halves. In the modern era,

Western culture has been heavily influenced by the traditions

of The Renaissance and The Enlightenment, and shaped by

expansive colonialism in the 18th-19th Century. Its political

usage was temporarily inf ormed by mutual antagonism with 

the Soviet bloc during the Cold War in the mid to late 20th 

Century. In the contemporary political and cultural context,

the Western World generally ref ers to the nations of the 

Americas, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Israel, and South 

To be a True Globalized American do you

have to f orget how it is to be American? If 

it is so easy how then you will convince 

those around you that you will not f orget

the most basic of human values as well in

the future including the American

Constitution itself ? 

In COK ER V. GEOR GIA (1977) the Court held that 

the death penalty was categorically disproportionate  as a 

punishment for rape of  adult women²and, by implication, 

for any nonhomicidal crime. In so holding, it noted 

that the great ma jority of  states had repealed the death 

penalty for rape, and thus continued the method of  

legislation²counting  as a form of  constitutional 

 jurisprudence. 

The President shall be Commander in Chief of theArmy and Navy of the United States, and of theMilitia of the several States, when called into theactual Service of the United States; he may requirethe Opinion, in writing, of the principal Offi cer ineach of the executive Departments, upon anySubject relating to the Duties of their respectiveOffices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprievesand Pardons for Offenses against the United States,

except in Cases of Impeachment.

 A page from Messier¶s observing logbook. I n his entr y  made on t he 7 t h of Jul y 1758, Messier describes t he refl ector wit h w hic h he observed t he moons of Jupiter and stellar occultations. As shown here, t he telescope isset up for measurements of t he exact ey epiece focal 

lengt h. 

 As it reached the bridge, the ship exploded in a huge blast thatscattered wreckage a mile in every direction. More than two thousand Spanishsoldiers were killed outright, the greatest number of casualties caused by thedischarge of a single weapon in history to that point. The disaster caused shockwaves in Spain, whose determination to subdue the Netherlands now underwent acrisis of confidence: How was it possible to defeat people who flooded their ownland and used terror weapons? Finally, six years later, Spain withdrew from theNetherlands, a decision hastened when England and France recognized the newly

proclaimed Dutch Republic. 

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There is enough gridlock, enough bickering. If there is one issue that should unite us ± asRepublicans and Democrats ± it should be [the main gravity law of] our national security.

Some things are bigger than politics. As Republican Dick Lugar said the other day, ³EverySenator has an obligation in the national security interest to take a stand, to do his or her duty[How Much is the Gravity of Duty compare to the Gravity of Dignity?].´

On Earth, all these skyscrapers are extremely heavy, but in empty

space they are nearly weightless. The reason that all of theseskyscrapers combined are needed to balance the electric force withgravity in empty space is not that this electric repulsion is so great butthat the gravitational attraction of the electron on each of these objects

is so small. 

Combined Clansthis is the governing body of the Bothanrace. It is made up of the leaders of the

various Bothan clans. They wereresponsible for all aspects of Bothan life,ncluding security and finance. They madea series of poor financial decisionsfollowing the Battle of Endor and theformation of the New Republic, andsuddenly found themselves in debt. Aclever manipulation of financial data madet appear that the Bothans were still incontrol of large sums of credits, but theywere sorely impoverished at the time. Thissituation was exacerbatedby the revelations of the CaamasDocument, when they could not make anyform of restitution to the Caamasi withoutbankruptingthemselves and shaking up several major 

galactic stock exchanges. (SOP) 

Moreover, ambition alone is not enough. Whatever the tangle of motives, both sacred and profane, that push us toward the goal of  becoming a senator, those who succeed must exhibit an almostfanatical single-mindedness, often disregarding their health,relationships, mental balance, and dignity. After my primarycampaign was over, I remember looking at my calendar andrealizing that over a span of a year and a half, I had taken exactlyseven days off. The rest of the time I had typically worked twelveto sixteen hours a day. This was not something I was particularly proud of. As Michelle pointed out to me several times a week 

during the campaign, it just wasn¶t normal. 

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Senator Lugar is right. And if the Senate passes this treaty, it will not be an achievement for Democrats or Republicans ± it will be a win for America.

Thanks.

Cult of Those Who Redeemthis brotherhood was formed on the planet Merisee, in the wake of theJedi victory over the Loag during the Old Republic. The Cult was asecretive organization which vowed to help others and remove evil from

the planet. They also protected Merisee against the possible re-appearance of the Loag, and worked hard to ferret out an Loag survivorsand eliminate them. (OE) 

[ Team LiB ]

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[PRESIDENTIAL WEKLY ADDRESS PHASE C END OF]

[PRESIDENTIAL WEKLY ADDRESS PHASE D START OF]

Today, I¶d like to speak with you about an issue that is fundamental to America¶s nationalsecurity: the need for the Senate to approve the New START Treaty this year.

This Treaty is rooted in a practice that dates back to Ronald Reagan. The idea is simple ± as the

Analysts today are worried, for instance, that terrorists

might try to employ radiological dispersal devices or ³dirty bombs.´These weapons do not detonate with a fission reaction, but rather utilize conventional explosives todistribute radiological materials and contaminatea given area. Few deaths are likely to result from theeffects of a dirty bomb, but the consequences²interms of anxiety, clean-up, and the recognized abilityof a terrorist to conduct the very act itself² would likely be far reaching. 

We the People of the United States, in Order toform a more perfect Union, establish Justice,insure domestic Tranquility, provide for thecommon defence, promote the general Welfare,and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselvesand our Posterity, do ordain and establish this

Constitution for the United States of America. 

One of the benefits of the American Revolution, Benjamin Franklin oncequipped, was the right to ignore it.Preaching a doctrine of self-reliance, tolerance, and moral commitment, therevolutionaries were dedicated to the "pursuit of happiness," but knew moreabout what they were against (British tyranny) than what they were for (democratic civil rights and liberties). This strange dichotomy is examinedespecially well, and the effort to resolve it is made obvious, courtesy of decent,no-nonsense, prose, all the way to the end of the book-and the beginning of the American experiment. 

The formula µµadvice and consent¶¶ is an ancient one. It 

was used in British and American state papers and documents for over a 

thousand years prior to 1787. The use of  these words in the Constitution 

was proposed by the Constitutional Convention¶s Committee on 

Remaining Matters, to which both the TREATY POWER  and the APPOINTING

POWER  had been referred. The first proposal to associate the President and 

the Senate in the exercise of  those powers was made by ALEXANDER  

HAMILTON, who wanted the Senate to act as a kind of  PR IVY COUNCIL. In the debates over RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION opponents charged that the 

provision violated the principle of  SEPARATION OF POWERS. But in THE 

FEDERALIST the practice was defended as an instance of  CHECK S AND BALANCES

and a means of  involving the states in the making of  important national 

policy. 

 Alexander died prematurely of disease in 323 b.c.e., but before hisdeath, he made what would turn out to be the greatest contribution toscience in history²the museion at Alexandria, the Egyptian city namedin his honor. Alexander's idea was to create the penultimate scientificresearch institute that would join Western and Eastern science in aneffort to solve all practical problems of running the new Greek Empire

and ensuring that it remained supreme over all possible competitors.Its mandate included engineering, navigation, astronomy, geography,road-building, determining land boundaries²and the machines of war.He chose a site on Egypt's northern coast, near the Nile River, for theinstitute, a junction of the trade routes of Asia, Africa, and Europe, and

therefore the virtual center of [what was] the[n] [the] civilized world. 

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two nations with over 90 percent of the world¶s nuclear weapons, the United States and Russiahave a responsibility to work together to reduce our arsenals.

And to ensure that our national security is protected, the United States has an interest in tracking

Russia¶s nuclear arsenal through a verification effort that puts U.S. inspectors on the ground. AsPresident Reagan said when he signed a nuclear arms treaty with the Soviet Union in 1987,³Trust, but verify.´

That is precisely what the New START Treaty does. After nearly a full year of negotiations, wecompleted an agreement earlier this year that cuts by a third the number of long-range nuclear weapons and delivery vehicles that the United States and Russia can deploy, while ensuring thatAmerica retains a strong nuclear deterrent, and can put inspectors back on the ground in Russia.

Madison could have publicly humiliatedthe states for their disloyalty, but instead

he allowed the representatives to quietlyreturn home. Nevertheless, the actionwas perceived to be a Federalist effortand contributed to a further decline of theFederalist Party. 

It was first made available to friends in 1994, after about 2 ½years of work. I had been compiling information in a few textfiles, since I hadn't read any of the West End Games material

when Heir to t he Empire came out. Thus, I was completely at aloss as to what a Lancer -class frigate was. As it grew, I realizedthat this was bigger than the text files I had started with, so Itried out WordPerfect. Once I got everything converted over,and started really getting it presentable, I printed out the FirstEdition. 

Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extendfurther than to removal from Offi ce, and disqualificationto hold and enjoy any Offi ce of honor, Trust or Profi tunder the United States: but the Party convicted shallnevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial,

Judgment and Punishment, according to Law. 

Political parties played a critical role in shaping thesedebates and formulating responses to the issues that mattered to themajority of Americans. Most Americans voted along strict party lines² most American white males, that is, as neither women nor AfricanAmericans had the right to vote. A person¶s political party was less a refl

ection of his support for a particular candidate and far more a reflectionof his family background, job, and position in society. Candidates for higher offi ce were selected by the political parties. Voters assumed that,if a particular candidate had been chosen as the representative of a particular political party, then he would thoroughly reflect that party¶s positions and attitudes.  

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The Treaty also helped us reset our relations with Russia, which led to concrete benefits. For instance, Russia has been indispensable to our efforts to enforce strong sanctions on Iran, tosecure loose nuclear material from terrorists, and to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

All of this will be put to risk if the Senate does not pass the New START Treaty.

After the 1957 accident, villages were resettlefrom the surrounding area, but the CIA noticethat on subsequent Soviet maps a large areaaround Kyshtym was devoid of humansettlement.Not until 1989 did the West learn ttrue extent of pollution and accidents in the arKyshtym is now considered one of the most polluted parts of the world, Deformed livestoc

were born for several years after the accident.

The symbols, initially intended to be

critical of both Democrats andRepublicans, became closely identifiedwith both political parties. Eventually,Republicans would proudly claim theelephant as their symbol²not thetimid elephant of Nast¶s cartoons, butinstead an elephant that represented

strength, solid values, and intelligence. 

Do some people 

on planet earth 

need to create 

Real Aliens to 

remember how it

is to be a real

human being? 

Amendment I.Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridgingthe freedom of speech, or of the press, or the rightof the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition theGovernment for a redress of grievances. 

A section of  the Nationality Act of  1940stripped Americans of  their CITIZENSHIP

they voted in a foreign political electionPEREZ V. BR OWNELL (1957) the Supreme

Court upheld the constitutionality of  thprovision, 5±4. On the authority of   Perthe State Department refused a passpoAfroyim, a  naturalized citizen, who havoted in an Israeli election. In  Afroyim,however, a new five-Justice ma jority, speaking through Justice HUGO L. BLACK

overruled  Perez and declared that the 

FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT¶s citizenship cdenied Congress authority to strip Americans of  their citizenship without 

their consent. µµCitizenship in this Natia part of  a cooperative affair,¶¶ Black  wrote. µµIts citizenry is the country and

country is its citizenry.¶¶ 

A rapid cleanup led to radioactive material being buried at 800 temporarysites, and the core was encapsulated, but the container was later found to

 be unsound. Thirty-two people died initially, anddozens of others contracted radiation sickness. It is expected that severalthousand radiation-induced illnesses and cancers will develop over time

as a result of the worst nuclear accident in history. 

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Without ratification this year, the United States will have no inspectors on the ground, and noability to verify Russian nuclear activities. So those who would block this treaty are breaking

President Reagan¶s rule ± they want to trust, but not verify.

Without ratification, we put at risk the coalition that we have built to put pressure on Iran, andthe transit route through Russia that we use to equip our troops in Afghanistan.

In recent years, the cost required to develop a software product has increasedsignificantly while the target hardware costs have decreased. Now a larger portion of money is expended in developing, using, and maintaining software. The trend incomputing costs is the complete dominance of software over hardware costs. Becauseof this, it is necessary that formal disciplines be established to increase the probabilitythat software is characterized by a high degree of correctness, maintainability, and

 portability. In addition, these disciplines must promote practices that aid in theconsistent and orderly development of a software system within schedule and

 budgetary constraints. To be effective, these disciplines must adopt standards whichchannel individual software efforts toward a common goal The push for standards inthe software development field has been met with various degrees of success. TheMicroprocessor Operating Systems Interfaces (MOSI) effort has experienced onlylimited success. As popular as the UNIX operating system has grown, the attempt todevelop a standard interface definition to allow portable application development hasonly recently begun to produce the results needed in this area. Unfortunately, verylittle effort has been expended to provide standards addressing the needs of the real-time community. Several organizations have addressed this need during the past

several years. 

One small step f or Grey, one giant leap f or greykind..China¶s nuclear program had its origins ina confluence of events that occurred in late1954 and early 1955. The United Statessignaled an increasing willingness to relyon nuclear weapons at the close of theKorean War and a desire to incorporatethem into its force planning under President Dwight Eisenhower¶s ³New

Look´ policy. 

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And without ratification, we risk undoing decades of American leadership on nuclear security,and decades of bipartisanship on this issue. Our security and our position in the world are atstake.

Indeed, since the Reagan years, every President has pursued a negotiated, verified, armsreduction treaty. And every time that these treaties have been reviewed by the Senate, they have passed with over 85 votes. Bipartisan support for New START could not be stronger. It has beenendorsed by Republicans from the Reagan Administration and both Bush Administrations ± 

When Bogdanov arrived in Kabul from Moscow,Sarwari was waiting in his office. The Afghansecurity chief²whose reputation for cruelty was

reinforced by rumors he personally took part intorture and executions²said Amin had orderedhis arrest and execution, along with the rest of thegang of four. Bogdanov asked Sarwari to call ameeting with Taraki, then left for the embassyto report. Ambassador Puzanov relayedBogdanov¶s information to the Kremlin, whichagain ordered that peace be made betweenAmin and Taraki. 

In his last weeks before leaving the presidency, JohnAdams did what Franklin D. Roosevelt, RonaldReagan, and other presidents have only dreamed of accomplishing. Working with a ³lame duck´ FederalistCongress that would soon be out of power, Adamscreated dozens of new judgeships. He signedappointments until late into the night before Jeffersonwas inaugurated, and these ³midnight judges´ of staunch Federalist beliefs throughout the federal courtsresulted in the most successful ³court-packing´operation in American judicial history. In doing so,Adams influenced the course of events long after his

rather inconsequential four years in office were over.

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including Colin Powell, George Shultz, Jim Baker, and Henry Kissinger. And it was approved bythe Senate Foreign Relations Committee by a strong bipartisan vote of 14-4.

Over the last several months, several questions have been asked about New START, and wehave answered every single one. Some have asked whether it will limit our missile defense ± itwill not. Some, including Senator Jon Kyl, have asked that we modernize our nuclear infrastructure for the 21st century ± we are doing so, and plan to invest at least $85 billion in thateffort over the next ten years ± a significant increase from the Bush Administration.

Iteration Statements 

In C, and all other modern programming languages, iteration statements(also called loops) allow aset of instructions to be repeatedly executed until a certain condition isreached. This condition may be predetermined (as in the for loop) or open ended (as in the while anddo-while loops).The for Loop

The general design of the for loop is reflected in some form or another inall procedural programming languages. However, in C, it providesunexpected flexibility and power.The general form of the for statement is for (initialization; condition;

incr ement ) st atement ;The for loop allows many variations, but its most common form workslike this: The initialization is an assignment statement that is used to setthe loop control variable. The condition is a relational expression thatdetermines when the loop exits. The incr ement defines how the loopcontrol variable changes each time the loop is repeated. You must separatethese three major sections by semicolons. The for loop continues toexecute as long as the condition is true. Once the condition becomes false, program execution resumes on the statement following the for. 

The Purposes of the United Nations are:

1. To maintain international peace and security,and to that end : to take effective collectivemeasures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace,and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformitywith the principles of justice and internationallaw, adjustment or settlement of internationaldisputes or situations which might leadto a breach of the peace;2. To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rightsand self-determination of peoples, and to takeother appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;3. To ach ieve international cooperation insolving international problems of an economic,social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for humanrights and for fundamental freedoms for all withoutdistinction as to race, sex, language, or religion;and4. To be a center for harmonizing the actionsof nations in the attainment of these common ends. 

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Finally, some make no argument against the Treaty ± they just ask for more time. But remember this: it has already been 11 months since we¶ve had inspectors in Russia, and every day that goes by without ratification is a day that we lose confidence in our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons. If the Senate doesn¶t act this year ± after six months, 18 hearings, and nearly athousand questions answered ± it would have to start over from scratch in January.

The choice is clear: a failure to ratify New START would be a dangerous gamble withAmerica¶s national security, setting back our understanding of Russia¶s nuclear weapons, as wellas our leadership in the world. That is not what the American people sent us to Washington todo.

Johnson was committed to continuing the plans set out by Kennedy during his

 presidency. He quickly shepherded a tax cut and a civil rights bill to bar discrimination in public accommodations. He outlined his plans for a ³GreatSociety´ in which opportunity would be shared by all Americans. His policies as part of this ³Great Society´ included farm aid, food stamps, systems of transit for cities, anticrime bills, housing acts, and more. Johnsonalso announced the launch of a ³War on Poverty.´ He championed the Job Corps

for school dropouts and Head Start for preschool children.  

There is no Future until we settle our past.

Ackbar 

Mon Calamarian Rebel Navy Admiral, later promoted to the position of Commander-in-Chief of the New Republic.He was capturedwhen the Empire took over Calamari, and was presented to Grand Moff Tarkin as a personal slave.He followed Tarkin around

everywhere, all the while collecting information about the Imperial war machine, in hopes that he could escape and provide theknowledge to the Alliance.He gained limited knowledge about the Death Star in this fashion, enough to make him fear for the safeand future of the galaxy. When Tarkin decided to move to a permanent post on the Death Star, Ackbar was to be brought along whim. However, Tarkin's shuttle was attacked by an elite force whose goal was t o assassinate Tarkin. They failed only when an ImpStar Destroyer arrived to drive off the attackers, but they managed to rescue Ackbar in the attack. From that point on, Ackbar servthe Alliance faithfully, using his knowledge of Imperial doctrine wherever possible.He was in command at the Battle of Endor, guidithe space battle over the second Death Star and drawing fire from the ships that were to destroy space station's central power corFollowing the formation of the New Republic, Ackbar became one of the Republic's ruling members, until Councilor Fey'lya usedincriminating evidence against him in an effort to discredit Ackbar. When Fey'lya's plans were revealed, Ackbar was reinstated as aNew Republic dignitary. He was away from Calamari when the reborn Emperor Palpatine attacked the planet. Later, when he and were on a diplomatic mission toVortex, his shuttle was sabotaged, causing it to crash into, and destroy, the Cathedral of Winds. Twas part of Furgan's plan to bring down the New Republic from the inside, and severely degraded Ackbar's self-confidence.Hereturned to Calamari to help rebuild what was still unrepaired from the Emperor's attack, and was on the planet when Admiral Daachose to attack Calamari.He and Leia were able to rall y the minimal Calamarian defense, stalemating Daala's attack until help fromNew Republic arrived. Ackbar chose to remain on Calamari until Furgan attempted to finalize his plans by kidnapping baby Anakinon Anoth. He then left the planet and arri ved at Anoth in time to rescue baby Anakin. This demonstration of the Empire's desparatattempts to regain control of the galaxy helped to crystallize Ackbar's resolve, and brought him out of his self-imposed shell and backinto the New Republic's government.He remained a vital asset to the Republic throughout the Black Fleet Crisis and the negotiatiopeace with the Empire, but when Borsk Fey'lya was named the New Republic's Chief of State, Ackbar decided to retire from active

and return to Calamari. Ackbar was portray ed in Star Wars: Return of the Jediby Tim Rose. (ROTJ, HTTE, DA, COTF, MTS, VOF,

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 There is enough gridlock, enough bickering. If there is one issue that should unite us ± asRepublicans and Democrats ± it should be our national security.

Some things are bigger than politics. As Republican Dick Lugar said the other day, ³Every Senator has an obligation in the national security interest to take a stand, to do his or her duty.´

First Printed in the United States of North America 

The simplicity of ANFO and availability of materials have made it popular among variousterrorist groups for decades. In Europe,ANFOexplosives have been used so widely thatgovernment regulations require AN to be producedin prills too large to be able to be used inexplosives.Vehicle-borne ANFO bombs became astandard item, particularly with the Provisional IrishRepublican Army. Over time, these vehicle bombs grew in size to include trucks. 

ANFO (or AN/FO, for ammonium nitrate / fuel oil) is a widely useexplosive mixture. The oil used is most often No. 2 fuel oil, or diesel

 but sometimes kerosene, coal dust, or even molasses. Nitromethane isof the most effective fuels used in this sort of explosive.

It is by far the most widely used explosive in coal mining, quarrying,metal mining, and civil construction: it accounts for an estimated 80%the 6,000,000,000 pounds (2.7×109 kg) of explosive used annually in

 North America[1]. It also sees service in improvised explosive deviceswhere it is also known as a fertilizer bomb.[2] 

The Constitution of the United States, the brainchild of some of America¶s greatest leaders following the colonies¶War for Independence, has protected Americans¶ rights andliberties since it went into effect on June 21, 1788. Thedocument also has served as an inspiration to patriotseverywhere who wish to establish ³a wise and justGovernment,´ the goal delegate George Mason set for theframers gathered at the Constitutional Convention in 1787. 

Winning Wars with the Mind First

Size can be unexpected in the solar system: Saturn·s moon Titan is larger than the planet Mercury,and Charon, Pluto·s moon, is almost as big as Pluto itself. The figure on page xii shows the numberof moons each planet has; large planets have far more than small planets, and every year scientistsdiscover new celestial bodies orbiting the gas giant planets. Many large bodies orbit in the asteroid belt, or the Kuiper belt, and many sizable asteroids cross the orbits of planets as they make their wayaround the Sun. Some planets· moons are unstable and will make new ring systems as they crash into

their hosts. Many moons, like Neptune·s giant Triton, orbit their planets backward (clockwise whenviewed from the North Pole, the opposite way that the planets orbit the Sun).Triton also has thecoldest surface temperature of any moon or planet, including Pluto, which is much farther from theSun.The solar system is made of bodies in a continuum of sizes and ages, and every rule has anexception. 

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Senator Lugar is right. And if the Senate passes this treaty, it will not be an achievement for Democrats or Republicans ± it will be a win for America.

Thanks.

COR ONATION, n. The ceremony of investing asovereign with the outward and visible signs of hisdivine right to be blown skyhigh with a dynamite bomb. 

It is important to note that many Whigs initiallyresisted joining the Republican Party. Illinoissenator Abraham Lincoln, elected as a WhigParty candidate in 1854, felt that the Republicanswere too radical. Other Whig supporters felt thatonly an established political party could hold thecountry together and keep slavery in check.  

We can be unfair to Washington in another way by calling this collection of diariesuneven, mixed, or erratic. That is not his fault but ours, for it is we--his biographers,editors, and archivists--who have brought these items together since his death andgiven them a common label. It would surprise Washington as often as it does hisreaders to find between the same boards his "where and how" diaries, weather records, agricultural notations, tours of the North and South during his presidency,together with such documents as a travel journal published in 1754 under the title,The Jour nal of M a jor Geor  ge Wa shington, Sent b y the Hon. Rober t Dinwiddie,

 Esq;... Commander in Chief of Vir  ginia , to the Command ant of the F r ench Forceson Ohio (Williamsburg, 1754). 

Because of this shortcoming in the Ada programming language, software developers in research and

development and contractors for project managed systems, are mandated by technology to purchaseand utilize off-the-shelf third party kernel code. The contractor, and eventually the Government,

must pay a licensing fee for every copy of the kernel code used in an embedded system. The maindrawback to this development environment is that the Government does not own, nor has the right t o

modify code contained within the kernel. V&V te chniques in this situation are more difficult than if the complete source code were available. Responsibility for system failures due to faulty software is

yet another area to be resolved under this nvironment. The Guidance and Control Directorate begana software development effort to address these p roblems. A project to develop an experimental run-

tire kernel was begun that will eliminate the major drawbacks of the Ada programming language

mentioned above. The Real-Time Executive for Military Systems (RTEMS) provides fullcapabilities for management of tasks, interrupts, time, and multiple processors in addition to those

features typical of generic operating systems. The code is Government owned, so no licensing feesare necessary. The code was developed as a linkable and/or ROMable library with the Ada

 programming language. Initially the library code was developed on the Motorola 68000 family of  processors using the C programming language as the development l anguage. It has since been ported

to the Intel i80386 and Intel i80960 families. Other language interfaces and processor families ,including RISC,

he Motorola 680x0/m68k/68k/68K is a family of 32-bit CISC microprocessors. During the 1980s

nd early 1990s, they were popular in personal computers and workstations and were the 

imary competitors of Intel's x86 microprocessors. They were most well-known as the 

ocessors powering the early Apple Macintosh, the Commodore Amiga, the Sinclair QL, the 

ari ST, SEGA Megadrive and several others. Although no modern desktop computers are based

n the 68k, derivative processors are still widely used in embedded applications. As of 1998, the 

8K family was the best-selling 32-bit architecture in theworld. 79 million 68K chips were sold in

997, compared to about 75 million Pentium-based PCs.[1]

 

More common is a reorganization intended to promote efficiency or policyeffectiveness.74 This is usually seen in cases where a number of smaller organizations that operate in the same general policy area are combined so as (intheory) to improve policy integration, lower overhead costs, and eliminateduplication and overlap. These were the reasons (at least reportedly) thatPresident Richard M. Nixon established the Environmental Protection Agencyand that President Jimmy Carter created the Department of Energy. This samereasoning is sometimes heard in proposals to establish a cabinet-levelDepartment of Science.75 

The Last Word may

never be the Last

Word

The he / she in the 

he /she  he /she 

pro jects

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[PRESIDENTIAL WEKLY ADDRESS PHASE D END OF]