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Preservation Services: Spring06: Bcampbell
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Preservation Services for AV media material:
An inquiry into current and future
models.
NYU MIAP Thesis PresentationSpring 2006Brad Campbell
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Introduction
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
Ways of thinking about the relations:
What is the function of the institution?How do institutions consider/define preservation?
How is the institution considered in the production/preservation circuit?
How does the institution consider its content in the production/preservation circuit?
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
The FOR PROFIT DOMAIN
Hollywood Studio system
Independent Producers
Television Networks
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
The FOR PROFIT DOMAIN
Distributors
Stock Footage Houses
Film Festivals
Corporations
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
NON PROFIT DOMAIN
Libraries
Museums
Archives/Special Collections
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
NON PROFIT DOMAIN
Historic Societies
Academic Institutions (Research)
Academic/Non-academic Preservation Training Programs
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
NON PROFIT DOMAIN
Professional Organizations
Media (Advocacy/Literacy) organizations
Standards Organizations
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
NON PROFIT DOMAIN
Technical Services(Labs and Vendors)
Funding Organizations
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I. AV Media Material (Production and) Preservation Landscape
Landscape made up of Sectors
US Government
Federal, State, and Local Agencies
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II. Challenges and Factors
1. Preservation is a Production Process
It takes more timeComparable to original production process
Multiple timelines and schedules:Home and or partner Institution’s timelines,
Grant timelinesWindows or timelines for publicity
AndThe timeline of degradation of materials
themselves
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II. Challenges and Factors
1. Preservation is a Production ProcessIt creates more stuff
Comparable to original production processmultiple componentsphysical items:
Camera original production elements (or best surviving elements),
existing prints/iterations of the title in question,
preservation generated elements/iterationsintellectual items:
paper records from the original production process
interim inventories or databases to manage
Preservation reports, catalog entries
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II. Challenges and Factors
1. Preservation is a Production Process
It creates more stuffIt takes more time
CostlyTime Consuming
Resource Consuming
Do institutions fully understand this?Can they integrate this process, do they want
to?
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II. Challenges and Factors
2. There is a growing volume ofAV media material
a. As AV preservationists our traditional jobs of
Assessment(physical condition)
(intrinsic, evidential, historic value)
will be complicated by assessingfor the marketplace, and new format and
distribution arrangements
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II. Challenges and Factors
2. There is a growing volume ofAV media material, and the rate of creation is
only increasing
b. the development of new format and delivery technology influences how the
public and even some stewards of content think about or treat content
The reality of diffusion vs. whizbang technopilia
AV preservationists face unknowns with legacy technology and with future technologies,
how strike a balance?
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II. Challenges and Factors
3. The difficulty in valuing AV Media Material
Value is variable
Depends on multiple factors including use/exhange
Varies across sectors and different markets
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II. Challenges and Factors
3. The difficulty in valuing AV Media Material
Sam Kula:
“fair-market value”
Research, historical, cultural values
Comparable market value
Minimum or replacement value
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II. Challenges and Factors
4. Issues facing the emerging AV preservationist
a. Identifying and understanding:
our role in the marketplace
our ability to invent and implement new models to match the (present and future)
needs of the preservation community
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II. Challenges and Factors
4. Issues facing the emerging AV preservationist
b. Establishing robust and rewarding circuits of continuing education for ourselves
Real world experience vs.
perpetual re-training seminars
Types, modes, places of learningQuality of learning experiences
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II. Challenges and Factors
4. Issues facing the emerging AV preservationist
c. Honing our ability to transfer knowledge by sharing or teaching
Within an organization:
Department Department
Or across sectors:
Vendor Home organization
Professional/Standards Org. Home organization
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III. Current Options: Surveys, Assessments, Services
1. Defining Needs based on characteristics of content for Collections (AV or non-AV
material)
First Order Needs: Based on the physical material of the object
Second Order Needs: Based on how the material is perceived
What is its cultural, historic, institutional currency?
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III. Current Options: Surveys, Assessments, Services
1. Defining Needs based on characteristics of content for Collections (AV or non-AV
material)First Order Needs: General Needs
issues of the composition of the physical carrier (photos, books, posters, paintings, sculpture, floppy disks, film, video, audio tape, dvds, compact discs, etc.)
issues of intellectual arrangement (examples include shelf-lists, inventories, databases, catalogs, etc)
issues of physical arrangement (examples include item level housing and collection level storage)
issues of technologically reformatting, which in turn are effected by issues of original composition (examples include digitization of books and photos; transferring film to video or dvd; or film or video to digital files)
issues of intellectual representation or documentation of the reformatted manifestation and the steps of process in the reformatting (examples of this include metadata, preservation reports, etc)
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III. Current Options: Surveys, Assessments, Services
1. Defining Needs of Collections
First Order Needs: Specific
Specific Needs for AV materialStem from their specific characteristics
As they are different from non-AV material
• physical composition
• machine dependent
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III. Current Options: Surveys, Assessments, Services
2. Defining Services for Collections
Needs dictate services
What services are currently available to best address the needs of AV media material?
Are there agreed on “services” for AV material?
(addressing both 1st & 2nd order needs)
Are there pre-existing tools or instruments for assessing or evaluating AV material
given their unique characteristics?
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III. Current Options: Surveys, Assessments, Services
2. Defining Services for Collections
Needs dictate servicesIs there an agreement on what the services
are?Are there pre-existing tools or instruments
for evaluating AV material?
Services which address First Order Needs:Restoration of carrier media, reformatting, housing,
storage, intellectual representation, metadata generation and management, databases,
Services which address Second Order Needs:Copyright clearance/IP protection/Licensing, content
redistribution, collection acquisition or de-accessioning
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III. Current Options: Surveys, Assessments, Services
2. Defining Services for Collections
a. Entities from the Library & Museum sectors:
RAP (Regional Alliance for Preservation) the umbrella org for AMIGOS, SOLINET, CCAHA,
NEDCC
AIC, ARL,
.. . . .ETC . . . .
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III. Current Options: Surveys, Assessments, Services
2. Defining Services for Collections
b. Independent Entities (from multiple sectors)
Heritage
IPI
Winthrop
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IV. Need for New Models
Value of Preservationists
&
Transparency, willingness to exchange information about the community, within the community
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IV. Need for New Models
Value of Preservationists
Date: Tue, 1 May 2001 08:39:08 -0400Reply-To: <[log in to unmask]>Sender: Archives & Archivists <[log in to unmask]>From: <[log in to unmask]>Subject: Re: Consultant FeeContent-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
>I think that you should expect to pay a consultant between $250 and>$500 per day plus expenses (transportation, meals, and housing if an>overnight stay is required) depending in part upon the complexity ofwhat you>expect...I'm curious about this. Many of you will pay an attorney this much foran hour or two of work. While there are a million attorneys out there.Qualified consultants in the fields of archives and special collectionsare indeed rare. Why are their services so undervalued? Could it bethat some type of anachronistic economics are at work? Indeed, this iswhat skilled and sophisticated consultants charged ten or twenty yearsago. In my specialties of appraisal, preservation, and securityconsultants routinely charge $ 500.00-$ 1000.00 per day.Any comments?
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IV. Need for New Models
Value of Preservationists
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 12:08:19 -0400Reply-To: Archives & Archivists <[log in to unmask]>Sender: Archives & Archivists <[log in to unmask]>From: <[log in to unmask]>Subject: Consultant Fee
Probably better than checking with NHPRC would be to check with your stateHistorical Records Advisory Board. They would probably be able to give you someidea of the range that is charged in your state.
Archival consulting is no different than any other self-employed work in thisregard. It depends on where you are and who your anticipated clientele is andwhat the traffic will bear. A local restaurant in northern Maine would notcheck New York City restaurant prices in order to decide how much to charge;neither should an archivist who wants to consult with local historical societiesin Maine check NYC or Washington DC prices for a realistic daily fee.
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IV. Need for New Models
Value of Preservationists
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 10:04:25 -0400Reply-To: Archives & Archivists <[log in to unmask]>Sender: Archives & Archivists <[log in to unmask]>From: <[log in to unmask]>Subject: Re: Consultant FeeIn-Reply-To: <003801bf09b2$7ba060c0$040a32d1@Ppje>Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
A good way to determine hourly/daily consulting fees for archivists mightbe to ask NHPRC what rate they are willing to support. It has beenconsiderably higher than $35.00 per hour.
I fear that consulting archivists may be underestimating the value oftheir services. It might be useful to compare what one might charge tofees charged by others in one or more categories; e.g., managementconsulting, records management consulting. In the records managementconsulting I and some associates do, the charge is $100 per hour plusexpenses. The main point is that this is still modest compared to fees inother, nearby disciplines.
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IV. Need for New Models
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IV. Need for New Models
Cultural History at RiskIMAP Report 2000
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IV. Need for New Models
Heritage Foundationadvocating for small to mid sized
archives to self promote and capitalize on their collections
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IV. Need for New Models
Mellon FundedIntelligent Television
Study
“Marketing Culture in the Digital Age”
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IV. Need for New Models
Rockefeller funded study onFunding for producing new media
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V. A proposal
Agency
[ad. med.L. agentia = facultas agendi, n. of state f. agent-em pr. pple. of ag-re to do, act.]
1. The condition of being in action; operation. The faculty of an agent or of acting; active working or operation; action, activity.
2. The means or mode of acting; instrumentality. Working as a means to an end; instrumentality, intermediation.
3. Action or instrumentality embodied or personified as concrete existence.
4. A business or service authorized to act for others: an employment agency. An establishment for the purpose of doing business for another, usually at a distance.
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V. A proposal
Agency A proto-mission statement:
a multi-service entity of AV preservationists (independent, or related to
organizations) coming together to enhance their practice and experience, while helping to advice content holders on how to best preserve (physically and
intellectually) and expose their content. Develop new preservation
administration strategies for use in communicating between sectors. In addition the agency would further
research possible, new collaborative inter- or extra- community arrangements while strengthening those which already
exist.
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V. A proposal
Some goals & thoughts to start with:
Independency/Autonomy orAlliance/Compromise
(who pays is who says how things go)
Sized right(balance of agents/services to jobs)
yetScalable
(able to expand and contract with outside forces)
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V. A proposal
Steps to construction or Research and Development phase
(ongoing R&D while “on the job”)
1. Content and 2. Form
1. a.What do we want for ourselves?
b. How will agency operate internally?c. How will agency operate externally?
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V. A proposal
Steps to construction or Research and Development phase
(ongoing R&D while “on the job”)
1.Content and 2. Form
1. a. Further conceptualization,
discussion and definition of services matching needs
b. Further research into how relations are currently operating and
functioning in this landscape, what works, what doesn’t and why
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V. A proposal
Steps to construction or Research and Development phase
(ongoing)
1.Content and 2.Form
2. Research and Create
business/legal model(s) to best match content (agency’s services) to be delivered, and how
we agree it should best be delivered.
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VI. Answers to critics
Accreditation
Vetting of consultants
Quality Control of service
Years of Experience/Value of Service
Independence vs. Combined Efforts
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VII. Questions for Further Pursuit
Hone our methodology and our Meta-assessment skills
A survey of current AV media material surveys?
Further discussion of organizational structure
Further discussion of valuation