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Preservation and conservation
of Library Materials
Dr. M. R. Rawtani Deptt. of Lib. & Info. Science
University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
Evolution of Writing Materials Stone & Metal 5000 years
Ago Clay Tablets Use by Sumerian
600 B.C. Papyrus Use by Egyptians in
600 B.C. Skin Use in 190
B.C.
Early Writing Materials in India
Stone & Metal Plates Birch-Bark Palm-Leaf Paper
Concept of Preservation & Conservation
Preservation is process of keeping an object safe harm or loss, damage, destruction or decay, and maintaining it in a sound condition for present use.
Conservation is an activity of which Preservation is one aspect and Conservation with the remedial treatment and restoration of document.
Types of Documents Palm Leaf Manuscripts Birch Bark Manuscripts Manuscripts, Book, Periodicals etc. Non Book Materials
Film Media Slide Microfilm, Magnetic Tape & Optical
Storage etc.
Preservation: Palm-Leaf
Storing Manuscripts placed and tied between
wooden boards with wrapped cloth High temperature and low humidity
are extremely injurious. The ideal environment is 22-25˚ C and relative humidity between 45-55%
Preservation: Palm-Leaf
Protection from Insects Use of Insect Repellants
Fumigation Using Carbon tetrachloride and
ethylene dichloride (1:1)
Preservation: Paper
Causes of Deterioration of Materials Inherent Causes – inherent strength of
paper depends on the length and strength of organic fibers
External Causes Temperature and Relative Humidity Light Biological Agents Atmospheric Pollutants
Preservation: Paper Human Causes
Handling by Library Staff Handling by Users
Preservation – Non Book Materials: Basic Consideration
Physical Environment Temperature - No single temperature
can be prescribed for media formats is 75˚F for videotapes and cassettes; for magnetic tapes is between 50˚F to 125˚F
Humidity – Non Book materials are sensitive to this factor. Ideal humidity factor is 45%±5%
Preservation – Non Book Materials: Basic Consideration
Security – It focus on protection against human problems such as vandalism and pilferage. It will be necessary to store in a such location and manner that these cannot be accessed without assistance of staff.
Circulation Policy – Evolved a balance between security and service. A strict in-house circulation policy has certain advantages
Preservation – Non Book Materials: Basic Consideration
Maintenance of Equipments - Non book materials like videotapes, film, tapes, slides, transparencies, film strips etc. require additional equipments for their usage. These items are all susceptible to damage caused by improper maintenance of equipments.
Preservation – Non Book Materials: Basic Consideration
Storing - non book materials like phonograph records, tapes, Film, CD-Rom etc. should be stored in vertical position.
Handling - non book materials are mostly delicate and require proper handling by the librarian and the user.
Hazards to Library Materials Environmental Factor
Temperature Light and Darkness Humidity and Moisture Water Smoke Dust and Dirt
Chemical Factors
Hazards to Library Materials
Biological Factor Fungi Insects
Silver Fish
Termite Book Worm
THANK THANK YOUYOU