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Introduction to
Presented to Association of Energy Engineers
Norfolk, VA January 31, 2018
Pittsboro, North Carolina, USA© Copyright, 2008-2018 - 3DFS LLCAll Rights Reserved
Who is 3DFS?Research, technology and production company including all hardware and software development
Vertically integrated PCB coating, manufacturing and assembly company with 10,000 sq ft facility in Pittsboro, NC
Manufacturing and selling products that leverage Software-Defined Electricity
1890s
1890s - 1950s
1960s
1970s
1970s - 2016
2017
An analog industry was born
Electricity generation changed
A digital industry was born
Business was good
Electricity use changed
Old way not working, business continued
Electrical meters go mainstream leveraging the RMS methodology to measure the amount of electricity sold to our homes and businesses
The electrical grid expanded throughout the United States. Its main purpose to was to power relatively static motors and incandescent lights
With the invention and widespread use of computers and sensitive electronics, the load profile began to shift
The improvement in renewable energy technologies spawned new markets that produce electricity in new ways, shifting the generation profile.
50 years of maintaining the status quo while electricity generation and consumption evolved resulted in a gigantic void in available data and corresponding solutions. The analog way of measuring electricity is no longer sufficient if the goal is optimum efficiency and stability of electricity supply systems.
3DFS brings to market a new product for and real time digital measurement and correction of electricity, or Software-Defined Electricity ensuring electricity can always be supplied with optimum efficiency.
Brief History of Electricity Measurement: From Analog to DigitalThe Beginning
The Evolution
The Digital Transformation
What is a VectorQ Series Power Controller?
A VectorQ Series Power Controller is a real time computing system that digitally controls electricity with an innovative Flash Energy Storage System directly interacting with electricity as it flows.
With capacitive and inductive components it can charge or discharge microamps at the microsecond level, precisely manipulating the electricity at the subcycle level on each phase to achieve and maintain digital synchronization.
VectorQx Series Software-Defined Power ControllersInstalled in parallel, in less than an hour
Performs real time noise cancellation for electricity, automatically matching the network impedance, resulting in ideal electrical efficiency for every load in the panel
Protects entire panel from any fluctuation or external surges including lightning
Identifies, tracks and logs energy consumption and performs predictive analytics on every load in the panel, sending data to the cloud
How Much Energy Wasted in Our Electricity Usage?
How Much Energy Wasted Using Electricity?
66.4% of the electricity that is generated is lost mainly due to poor electrical efficiency throughout the grid
12.6 Q37.5 Q
= 33.6%
Software-Defined Electricity will prevent more than 12.5Qfrom being “Rejected” by improving electrical efficiency throughout the grid
All U.S. Renewables for
electricity generation =
5.58Q37.5 Q Generated
12.6 Q Used
24.9 Q Wasted
Dirty Electricity is Harmful to Loads“In the case of electric motors, an estimated 50 percent of all failures are attributed to bearings, although the bearings themselves are not usually the root cause.”
“when pumps are run by variable speed electric motors using frequency converters, the motors can tend to generate stray electric currents...the resulting damage is referred to as electric arc bearing damage”
All combine to shorten a bearing’s service life● Excessive vibrations● Increased heat● Increased noise levels● Reduced effectiveness of the lubricant
How to Prevent Electrical Erosion in Bearings http://www.pumpsandsystems.com/topics/bearings/how-prevent-electrical-erosion-bearings
Characteristic "fluting" patterns (or "washboarding") on bearing raceways can indicate bearing damage from electric arcing.
Requires real time digital measurement and bidirectional flow control.
Electricity in the Modern World
Software-Defined Electricity
Energy Efficiency + Electrical Efficiency = Network Stability
Power Quality Rating
L1( ) L2
( ) Ln
( )n
Power Quality Rating (PQR) is a universal metric showing the efficiency of electrical energy flow. It is applicable during generation, transmission, distribution, storage, conversion or consumption of electricity.
100kW Diesel Generator costs = $100k
100kW Diesel Generator
A 100kW diesel generator consumes ~8.43 gallons of fuel per hour @ ~$4/gallon
● Fuel Costs for: ○ 1 hour = $33.72 ○ 5 hours = $168.60○ 7 days = $1,180.20○ 1 year = $61,370.40
59.4% fuel savings w/ 3DFS Microgrid Controller is $36,454.02 annually
Load #nLoad #2
All electrical parameters are measured in meticulous detail at 24 bit resolution (Streaming sampling every few nanoseconds).
Software-Defined Electricity constantly measures 26 individual electrical parameters at this fidelity, creating a comprehensive, multiparametric view of electricity flow in real time. Parameter 2
Parameter 1
Parameter 26
Load #1 Signature
0TIME (nanoseconds)
New Layer of Real Time Load Consumption Data Each parameter has natural variations during normal use that create clearly defined boundaries for a real time baseline of consumption. A real time baseline provides instant awareness of any parameter deviation, during any phase of usage.
Real time load analysis precisely identifies every load in the panel by constantly and exhaustively analyzing the electricity demand through a unique form of electrical signature analysis.
Real time load analysis is done automatically and the accuracy of the predictability enhances with time
Load #1
3DFS Products3DFS Software-Defined Electricity can be miniaturized or expanded to be universally adapted to almost any electrical environment providing unprecedented levels of control, efficiency, and data.
How will Software-Defined Electricity Help You?● Full +/- 90 degrees of power factor correction● Harmonics corrected up to the 23rd, measured up to the 53rd● Neutral current zeroed● Ground current nullified● Power rating is unrestricted● Continuous and sustainable surge protection with event analytics
● Digital mapping of electrical networks● Real time control system security ● All data, if desired, encrypted above 256-bit AES
