Presented by George W. Solhan Deputy Chief of Naval Research for Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating Terrorism S&T Department (ONR 30) 13 February

Presented by

George W. Solhan

Deputy Chief of Naval Research for

Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and

Combating Terrorism S&T Department (ONR 30)

13 February 2007

NDIA Annual Meeting

ONR’s Mission…

o foster, plan, facilitate, and transition scientific research in recognition of its paramount importance to enable future naval power and the preservation of national security.

TT

S&T ENTERPRISE MISSION

Maintain Technological Superiority– Plan and foster ground-breaking scientific research– Assimilate intellectual capital worldwide– Enable innovative Naval Operating Concepts

Maintain Global S&T Awareness– Leverage U.S. and global technology insights– Preempt technology surprise by potential competitors

Transition S&T to the Warfighter– Foster transition from S&T to higher levels of RDT&E

Execute for the Future– Ensure alignment of Naval S&T with Naval missions and future

capability needs– Sponsor primarily external performers but maintain core in-

house research capability at NRL and through the Naval Warfare Centers

– Manage a balanced portfolio with peer-respected technical Program Officers

– Develop and sustain a robust S&T workforce– Execute innovative and efficient business practices in support

of S&T mission

CNR CNR Fleet/Force Fleet/Force InitiativesInitiatives

CNR CNR Fleet/Force Fleet/Force InitiativesInitiatives

FNCsFNCsFNCsFNCs

Discovery and InventionDiscovery and InventionDiscovery and InventionDiscovery and Invention

The Way Ahead for Naval S&T…a look at tomorrow through the porthole of today...

6.3 dollars6.3 dollars 6.2 / 6.3 dollars6.2 / 6.3 dollars Primarily 6.1 dollarsPrimarily 6.1 dollars

Science and Technology Investment by Current Capability Area

FY07 $M

4.4

7.3

7.5

13.4

17.6

18.3

25.6

29.8

40.8

51.0

54.1

56.3

59.0

80.0

80.5

84.0

91.9

103.5

114.0

117.0

133.8

160.6

249.1

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0

Lightening Infantryman Load

Alternative Fuels

Helo/VSTOL Survivability

Heavy Lift Technologies

On-the-Move/Over-the-Horizon C2

Combat Tactical Vehicle

Global Connectivity

Networks & Communications

Power Sources

Common Operational & Tactical Picture

Responsive Logistics

Counter IED

Precise & Persisitent Firepower

Intel, Surveillance & Recon

Force Protection

Deliberate & Time Sensitive Strike

Affordability

Ship-to-Objective Maneuver

Mine Warfare/Countermeasures

Anti-Surface Warfare

Air & Missile Defense

Global War on Terrorism

Anti-Submarine Warfare

Areas of increasing Navy/MC emphasis

FORCENet SEA SHIELD SEABASE SEA WARRIOR SEA STRIKE

MCCDC, MCWL,

MARCORSYSCOM

MARFOR, NAVFAC

NCIS, DTRA, DHS

SOCOM

SPECWARCOM

JNLW Directorate

Army Research Lab

NECC

MARSOC

SPAWAR

NETWARCOM

ONI

NRO

NSA

N096

NAVMETOC

CORE

NOPP

NOAA

NASA

UNOLS

NAVSEA

NAVSURFOR

NAVSUBFOR

NAVAIRFOR (for ship systems)

USCG

DOE

Surgeon General

Medical Officer of the USMC

CNET

CNP

NIH

NAVAIR

NAVAIRFOR

Air Force Research Lab

DASN LMW DASN IWS/LMW/

AIR/C4I

DASN SHIPS/

IWS/AIR

DASN SHIPS/LMW DASN SHIPS/C41/

LMW

DASN SHIPS/ IWS/AIR

30 – Exp. Warfare & Combating Terrorism

31 – C4ISR 32 – Ocean Battlespace Environment

33 – Sea Warfare and Weapons

34 – Warfighter Performance

35 – Air Warfare and Weapons

Exp. Man. Warfare

USMC STOs in multiple warfighting areas – C4; ISR; Logistics; Human Performance, Training & Survivability; Maneuver; MCM Warfare (w/32);

Ground-based Firepower;

Non-lethal Weapons;

Naval Specwar; EOD, ;Distributed Operations

Combating Terrorism

Electronics

Computer & Info Sciences

Radar/EO/IR

Maritime sensors

EM propogation & interaction

Signal & image processing

C3 Networking

Surveillance

EW

Oceanography

Coastal Geosciences

Marine geology & geophysics

Modeling & Sim Marine metrology

Atmospheric effects

Space

MCM (w/30)

UUV’s (w/33)

Chemistry

Power & energy conversion

Naval materials

Non-linear dynamics

Ship Structures

Ship HM&E

ASW & UUV’s (w/32)

Ocean eng. & marine systems

Cognitive science

Neural science

Behavioral science

Social org./science

Manpower, personnel & training

Human factors

Medical science

Bimolecular science

Biosystems

Biomaterials

CBWD

Physics

Aerospace materials

Energetics

Surface & Air launched weapons

Kinetic & Directed energy weapons

Robotics

UAV’s

Air Vehicles

S & T Departments: Customers and Portfolios

Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating TerrorismS&T Department Mission

Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating Terrorism (Code 30) To lead the Department of the Navy’s Science and Technology efforts that develop future combat capabilities for Naval Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and the Department’s role in Combating Terrorism:

…the exploitation and subsequent application of Science and Technology in order to enhance the ability of the Navy-Marine Corps team to achieve assured access and conduct decisive operations as the naval portion of a joint campaign.

Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare & Combating Terrorism Department (Code 30)

Department HeadMr. George Solhan

Director

Research Division (301)

Basic Researh Deputy

Applications Division (302)

Director

Combating Terrorism & Integration Division

(303)

Director

C4 ISR Fires Logistics Maneuver

HumanPerformanceTraining &Education

Integration

DeputyProgramming,

Planning, & OperationsDistributed Operations

Integration

Force Protection

(MCM/CIED/CRAM/etc)

Maritime IrregularWarfare

(MSO/MIA/MDA)

OperationalAdaptation

DeputyDepartment Head

COL J. Kevin Dodge

Combat DeveloperMCCDC/OPNAV/

CFFC

MaterielDeveloperSYSCOMs/PEOs

TechnologyDeveloper

(S&T)ONR

A

C

B

A Concept Capability Futures Gaps Requirements

B Capability Futures Gaps Requirements Technology

C Requirements Technology R&D/ Production Capability

Capabilities FuturesConcepts to Requirements

S&T Objectives (STOs)Modernization

Resources

Plan & ExecuteTechnology Discovery,

Invention, and Exploitation Programs.

Collaborate with Services, Agencies, Industry and

Academia

Vision CapabilityAreas Research

Areas ResearchSubareas Thrusts

Projects

OPNAV/HQMC

Enterprises

S&T Strategy – Enterprise/MCCDC/

CNR

CNR Management

R&D Procurement

FieldingO & S

S&T has a long-term focus but is responsive to near-term Naval needs

Near Mid Far

Fo

cus

Hi

Lo

Quick Reaction S&T

Discovery & Invention(Basic and Applied Science)

S&TWarfighter

AcquisitionEnablers

Leap AheadInnovations

ONR S&T Portfolio Balance

40%

10%

30%

10%

Most Contested –

Least Invested

MCO Strike

Symmetric Asymmetric

Mar

itim

e D

omai

n

Air Space

LandSea

Desert Jungle

Urban/ Littoral

Mtn.

Port/Waterfront

Industrial

SuburbCity

Urb

an L

itto

ral A

rea

SASO Hum.

ExWar & Combating Terrorism

National & Naval GWOT Strategy/Analysis

National SecurityStrategy (2002)

National National SecuritySecurityStrategy Strategy (2002)(2002)

• Strengthen Alliances to DefeatGlobal Terrorism and Work to Prevent Attacks Against Us and Our Friends

• Work with others to DefuseRegional Conflicts

• PreventOur Enemies from Threatening Us, Our Allies, and Our Friends with Weapons of Mass Destruction

• TransformAmerica’s National Security Institutions to Meet the Challenges and Opportunities of the 21st Century

Key GoalsNational Defense

Strategy (2005)

National DefenseNational DefenseStrategy Strategy (2005)(2005)

National Strategy for Combating

Terrorism (2003)

National Strategy National Strategy for Combating for Combating

Terrorism (2003)Terrorism (2003)

National Strategy for Homeland

Security (2002)

National Strategy National Strategy for Homeland for Homeland

Security (2002)Security (2002)

National Strategy for Maritime

Security (2005)

National Strategy National Strategy for Maritime for Maritime


National SecurityStrategy (2002)

National National SecuritySecurityStrategy Strategy (2002)(2002)

• Strengthen Alliances to DefeatGlobal Terrorism and Work to Prevent Attacks Against Us and Our Friends

• Work with others to DefuseRegional Conflicts

• PreventOur Enemies from Threatening Us, Our Allies, and Our Friends with Weapons of Mass Destruction

• TransformAmerica’s National Security Institutions to Meet the Challenges and Opportunities of the 21st Century

Key GoalsKey GoalsNational Defense

Strategy (2005)

National DefenseNational DefenseStrategy Strategy (2005)(2005)

National Strategy for Combating

Terrorism (2003)

National Strategy National Strategy for Combating for Combating

Terrorism (2003)Terrorism (2003)

National Strategy for Homeland

Security (2002)

National Strategy National Strategy for Homeland for Homeland


National Strategy for Maritime

Security (2005)

National Strategy National Strategy for Maritime for Maritime


Strategic GuidanceStrategic Guidance

External Coordination

Naval Guidance

NOCNSP USMC OpCon

Other Guidance

QDR FM 3-24COIN

Global Maritime Domain Awareness

Operational Adaptation

Maritime Irregular Warfare

ONR CbT Capability Areas

Counter IED IED Prediction IED Prevention IED and Mine Detection IED and Mine Neutralization IED and Mine Effects Mitigation Technical and Forensic Exploitation

Counter IED IED Prediction IED Prevention IED and Mine Detection IED and Mine Neutralization IED and Mine Effects Mitigation Technical and Forensic Exploitation

Maritime Irregular Warfare Ship Disabling Non-Lethal Systems Enhanced Maritime Interception Operations Expeditionary Security Biometrics Real-time Forensic Site Exploitation Logistics for Distributed Forces Extended Small-unit ISR Extended Small-unit Engagement Enhanced Individual and Small-unit Mobility CBRN Defense Tactical Comm in Complex Environments

Maritime Irregular Warfare Ship Disabling Non-Lethal Systems Enhanced Maritime Interception Operations Expeditionary Security Biometrics Real-time Forensic Site Exploitation Logistics for Distributed Forces Extended Small-unit ISR Extended Small-unit Engagement Enhanced Individual and Small-unit Mobility CBRN Defense Tactical Comm in Complex Environments

Global Maritime Domain Awareness All Source Collection Intelligence & Information Analysis &

Fusion Netcentric Dissemination Persistent, Pervasive, Affordable

Surveillance Tag, Track, and Locate

Global Maritime Domain Awareness All Source Collection Intelligence & Information Analysis &

Fusion Netcentric Dissemination Persistent, Pervasive, Affordable

Surveillance Tag, Track, and Locate

Operational Adaptation Warfighting Decision Superiority Commander’s Preparation of the

Environment Information Operations and Related

Capabilities Battlespace Shaping Operational Culture Understanding &

Communication Mission Gaming and Rehearsal Adaptive Thinking and Leader Development

Operational Adaptation Warfighting Decision Superiority Commander’s Preparation of the

Environment Information Operations and Related

Capabilities Battlespace Shaping Operational Culture Understanding &

Communication Mission Gaming and Rehearsal Adaptive Thinking and Leader Development

CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CapabilitiesCapabilities

CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CbT Capability Areas & Enabling CapabilitiesCapabilities

Irregular Warfare--Defined

“Irregular warfare is a form of warfare that has as its objective the credibility and/or legitimacy of the relevant political authority with the goal of undermining or supporting that authority. Irregular warfare factors indirect approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capabilities to seek asymmetric advantages, in order to erode an adversary’s power, influence and will.” (Irregular Warfare Roadmap - QDR)

“Irregular warfare is a form of warfare that has as its objective the credibility and/or legitimacy of the relevant political authority with the goal of undermining or supporting that authority. Irregular warfare factors indirect approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capabilities to seek asymmetric advantages, in order to erode an adversary’s power, influence and will.” (Irregular Warfare Roadmap - QDR)

Detecting and Effecting anonymous irregular threats dispersed throughout the human landscape…”irregular”

versus

Finding and Destroying distinctive conventional formations concentrated on the physical

landscape…”traditional”

Asymmetric and Irregular Warfare (Combating Terrorism)

Key Research TopicsUnmanned Undersea Vehicle TechnologiesUnmanned Air and Ground VehiclesIntelligent and Autonomous SystemsAutomated Image UnderstandingInformation Processing & PresentationSocial, Cultural & Behavioral ModelingBiometricsNanoscale Electronic Devices and SensorsEW AttackCounter IEDNon-Lethal weapons

Vision: Enable Naval forces to preempt and defeat adaptive non-conventional threats operating within complex physical and social terrain.

Objectives

ISR:• Unmanned Vehicles: Intelligent autonomous unmanned

vehicles, sensors, and communications• Interior/Exterior Imaging: Rapidly reconstruct and fuse multi-

aspect sensor data into 3-D tactical models of building interiors and exteriors

• Riverine Surveillance: Common and persistent maritime picture on and below the surface/shore

Intelligence Analysis: • Image and Pattern recognition tools• Societal, cultural, and behavioral modeling• Biometrics

Active and Passive Forensics Tools: • Field-portable forensic tools, sensors, and sensor networks; as

well as spectrally-coded particulate markers and probes

Advanced Countermeasures: • Dominate EM spectrum• Predict, detect and neutralize IED’s and P-IED’s• Deny adversaries the ability to hide among civilian population• Phase 0 S&T

Vision: Enable Naval forces to preempt and defeat adaptive non-conventional threats operating within complex physical and social terrain.

Objectives

ISR:• Unmanned Vehicles: Intelligent autonomous unmanned

vehicles, sensors, and communications• Interior/Exterior Imaging: Rapidly reconstruct and fuse multi-

aspect sensor data into 3-D tactical models of building interiors and exteriors

• Riverine Surveillance: Common and persistent maritime picture on and below the surface/shore

Intelligence Analysis: • Image and Pattern recognition tools• Societal, cultural, and behavioral modeling• Biometrics

Active and Passive Forensics Tools: • Field-portable forensic tools, sensors, and sensor networks; as

well as spectrally-coded particulate markers and probes

Advanced Countermeasures: • Dominate EM spectrum• Predict, detect and neutralize IED’s and P-IED’s• Deny adversaries the ability to hide among civilian population• Phase 0 S&T

Operational Adaptation

Definition: (OA) The ability to gain, maintain, or recover the tactical, operational, and strategic initiative over an irregular threat by anticipating threat measures/countermeasures and by facilitating the dynamic tailoring of friendly forces, capabilities, actions, and TTPs to defeat these measures/countermeasures.

*******

OA enables domination of the threat decision cycle by facilitating the speed, quality, and capacity of the friendly decision making cycle.

*******

OA enables shaping operations by facilitating the stimulation, limitation, or manipulation of threat activities…or by influencing the activities and perceptions of another relevant target audience.

Proposed S&T Plan: Road to Operational Adaptation

Conventional Threats Irregular Threats

Phase I: Physical Indicators & Anomalies(Code 31 lead)

Phase II: Reveal network organizations

Phase III: Cultural, & Behavioral Anomalies; Threat Stimulation & Manipulation; Tag, Track, & Locate

FY09 FY13

5 Demos

3 Phases

Demos build upon each other

Irregular NetworksInfluence OperationsIndividuals

Irregular NetworksInfluence OperationsIndividuals

Domain of Existing US Military Technology

PortfolioNation StatesMaterial WarfareTraditional Formations

Nation StatesMaterial WarfareTraditional Formations

Demo 1 – Phase 2: Affordable Persistent Pervasive Surveillance

Commercially Available SatCom

10 – 30

Kbps

10 – 30

Kbps

10 – 30 Kbps

10 – 30 Kbps

Methodology:• Stealthy, long range, and high endurance UAVs for “eyes in

the sky” - deployable from ocean and remote locations• Inexpensive, low power consumption surveillance payloads• Panoramic, wide-aperture optical sensors with 3-D imaging • Data processing for minimization of transmitted data using

physical indicators and anomalies• Low bandwidth, over the horizon datalinks

GPS GIS GeodataUrban and Terrain Imaging

RiverineMaritime Urban/ Asymmetric

(Wide Areas up to 200 nm2 - Open Ocean, Littoral, Rivers & Urban)

O O D A

100% of Program Objective

Demo 4: Forewarning Through Network Mapping and Limited Intent Prediction

• Improved Observation: Ability to Tag Individuals, Vehicles & Items Using High-fidelity Tagging, Tracking, and Locating (TTL) Technologies

• Improved Orientation: Pattern Identification of Social, Commercial & Organizational Relationships

• Orient: TTL with analysis algorithms predicts threat events hours in advance

• Decide: Develop network attack options for commander

(Commanders able to gain tactical forewarning by detecting potential threats and tracking their activities through complex terrain in real-time)

Tagging, tracking & locating coupled with cultural & biometric data and ground and UAV sensor network.

Tagged Vehicle

Tagging deployed by UAVs & UGVs in

suspected meeting grounds

UAV locates and tracks

Activity network mapped within minutes, prediction of future

changes of behavior generated

Observe Analyze w/ ++++Prediction Capability

Global IntelHuman & SourcesSocial,

Action - Terrorist Network Stimulated / Manipulated

O O D A

100% of Program Objective

Information Operations Evolution (Demo 5)

Information Operations are the integrated employment of electronic warfare (EW), computer network operations (CNO), psychological operations (PSYOP), military deception (MILDEC), and operations security (OPSEC), in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision making while protecting our own.

Information Operations are the integrated employment of electronic warfare (EW), computer network operations (CNO), psychological operations (PSYOP), military deception (MILDEC), and operations security (OPSEC), in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision making while protecting our own.

Technology Focus on theInformation

Environment

Physical

Informa-tional

Cogni-tive

Physical

Informa-tional

Cogni-tive

Phy-sical

Informa-tional

Cognitive

Phy-sical

Informa-tional

Cognitive

Pre-OA

OA

Pre-OAOA

EWEW

CNOCNO

PSYOPPSYOP

MILDECMILDEC

OPSECOPSEC

Core

Public Affairs

Public Affairs

Civil-Military Ops

Civil-Military Ops

Def Supt to Pub Dip

Def Supt to Pub Dip

Information Assurance


Physical Attack

Physical Attack

Counter-Intelligence


Combat Camera

Combat Camera

Supporting

Related

Public Affairs

Public Affairs

Civil-Military Ops

Civil-Military Ops

Def Supt to Pub Dip

Def Supt to Pub Dip



Physical Attack

Physical Attack



Combat Camera

Combat Camera



Physical Attack

Physical Attack



Combat Camera

Combat Camera

Supporting

Related

FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13

Littoral SurveillanceDemo 1Phase I(Code 31 lead)

Demo 1 phase II(Code 31 lead)

- Low cost sensor payloads - Teraflop processors- Optical sensors for 3-D imaging

Forewarning Via Network Mapping & Limited PredictionAdaptive learning detection (ADL)

Active Threat Manipulation

Demo 5(TBD

- Covert tags- Tag integration from UAVs

AUV – Long Endurance Gliders

Persist Pervasive Surv.

Roadmap to Operational AdaptationRoadmap to Operational Adaptation(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)

Roadmap to Operational AdaptationRoadmap to Operational Adaptation(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)(Demonstrations Build On Each Other)

Demo 4(TBD)

Demo 3(TBD)

Near R-T Network Map Demo 2(TBD)

Proactive Tactical Adaptation

AUV - Large Sensor Network

Netted tactical sensor fields

Network attack option modelsUAV – Low Cost/ Long Endurance

ADL Supports enemy network builder

Classification of tracks

Decision causality and stimulation

Optical taggants

Real Time processing – compact & lightweight

Demo

Demo

Demo

Demo

Demo

Demo

MindMindMindMind Body Body Body Body

Close capability gaps Close capability gaps in how Marinesin how Marines think think,,

learnlearn, and , and traintrain

Support the development of a physically and mentally superior warrior that is Support the development of a physically and mentally superior warrior that is prepared for peak performance in complex distributed operations prepared for peak performance in complex distributed operations

environments. HPT&S includes key aspects of human performance: environments. HPT&S includes key aspects of human performance: Cognitive Performance, Physical Performance , Survivability, and Training Cognitive Performance, Physical Performance , Survivability, and Training

Technology Enhancement.Technology Enhancement.

HPT&E Program Concept

Leverage Leverage LeverageLeverage

Close capability gaps Close capability gaps in how Marines in how Marines

physicallyphysically performperform, , traintrain, and, and

survivesurvive

COGNITIVE COGNITIVE PERFORMANCPERFORMANC

EEENHANCEMENENHANCEMEN

TT

TRAINING TRAINING TECHNOLOGTECHNOLOG

Y Y ENHANCEMEENHANCEME

NTNT

PHYSICAL PHYSICAL PERFORMANPERFORMAN

CECEENHANCEMEENHANCEME

NT & NT & SURVIVABILISURVIVABILI

TYTYTRAINING TRAINING

TECHNOLOGTECHNOLOGY Y

ENHANCEMEENHANCEMENTNT

“Our most effective weapon remains the

individual Marine who out-learns, out-

thinks, and out-fights any

adversary” -- CMC

Goal: Improve Goal: Improve Tomorrow’s Tomorrow’s Marine for Marine for

Tomorrow’s Tomorrow’s ThreatThreat

Focus AreasFocus AreasFocus AreasFocus Areas

DARPA, USA,USN, Joint,

etc

DARPA, USA,USN, Joint,

etc

HPT&E Project & Key TechnologiesMapping to DO Tenets

• HP: CHFET

– Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare

–Performance Optimization Modeling Assessment System

• T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS

–Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems

–Adaptive & Intelligent Training Environment (AI2TE) for DO

–Accelerated Learning Training System for Small Units

–Experiential Learning Training System for MOUT

• HP: WC & CHFET

–Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare

–Extreme Environmental Effects and Opportunities

–Small Unit SA Field Assessment Tools


•T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS





• HP: WC & CHFET










• HP: WC, WP, & CHFET






– Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems




Focus Areas, Projects, & Key Technologies

• Need adaptive experiential learning/training environments; tailored to individual & team measures; driven by continual assessment & diagnosis for most efficient/effective, domain-specific training technologies & methodologies

• Ability to predict Warfighter capabilities/ limitations in diverse combat conditions

• Need assessment (scientific validity, operational applicability) of current physical training methods & effects of sustained, extreme environments on combat performance

• Need to develop new models, methods, and technologies that support optimal individual and team mental, physical, and physiological readiness for sustained operations in asynchronous/ distributed combat environments

• Need rapid prototyping and testing capabilities to measure, assess, and diagnose combat performance

• Need sufficient understanding of mission-relevant individual and team cognition in situ and how to augment and enhance attention, info processing, SA, and decision making in DO combat environments

• Need improvements in applied knowledge base of communications on individual and team decision making & mission effectiveness (e.g., via adaptive training & operational technologies)

• Need to understand interaction effects among physical and cognitive combat demands and equipment and how to measure, assess, and diagnose to mitigate negative effects in combat

• Need training and operational strategies and technologies (e.g., optimization models) developed from systematic investigation of key cognitive, physical, & technological (equipment) requirements in operationally-relevant settings

The Whys(HPT&E Unique S&T)

•Improved live & synthetic training environments (dynamically adaptive) •Selection criteria/standards for DO leaders•Reduced failed mission objectives•Enhanced lethality, survivability

DO-Enabled Training

Technologies &

Methodologies

•Improve Warfighter performance in complex (distributed/ asynchronous) combat environments

– Cognition/decision making skills

– Physical capabilities

–Enable small unit decision making

•Explore new training/operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines

– Communications technologies

– Enhanced ability to carry required loads for longer periods

Enhanced Combat

Capabilities at Individual & Small Unit

Level

•Integrated Communications & Decision Making

– Enable lower-level DM in units

– Enhanced SA attainment / maintenance

•Explore new training & operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines

Information Exploitation at All Echelons in

Real Time

•Better trained, educated, & equipped Marines

– Enhanced Lethality

– Enhanced Survivability

– Enhanced Mobility

DO Marine as a

System

FunctionsDO Tenets

(CONOPS)

• HP: CHFET

– Evaluation of the Physiological Impacts of Irregular Warfare


• T&E: WACS, ELT, & ALS





• HP: WC & CHFET










• HP: WC & CHFET










• HP: WC, WP, & CHFET






– Neurocognitive Tools for Assessment in Accelerated/Experiential Learning Systems




Focus Areas, Projects, & Key Technologies

• Need adaptive experiential learning/training environments; tailored to individual & team measures; driven by continual assessment & diagnosis for most efficient/effective, domain-specific training technologies & methodologies

• Ability to predict Warfighter capabilities/ limitations in diverse combat conditions

• Need assessment (scientific validity, operational applicability) of current physical training methods & effects of sustained, extreme environments on combat performance

• Need to develop new models, methods, and technologies that support optimal individual and team mental, physical, and physiological readiness for sustained operations in asynchronous/ distributed combat environments

• Need rapid prototyping and testing capabilities to measure, assess, and diagnose combat performance

• Need sufficient understanding of mission-relevant individual and team cognition in situ and how to augment and enhance attention, info processing, SA, and decision making in DO combat environments

• Need improvements in applied knowledge base of communications on individual and team decision making & mission effectiveness (e.g., via adaptive training & operational technologies)

• Need to understand interaction effects among physical and cognitive combat demands and equipment and how to measure, assess, and diagnose to mitigate negative effects in combat

• Need training and operational strategies and technologies (e.g., optimization models) developed from systematic investigation of key cognitive, physical, & technological (equipment) requirements in operationally-relevant settings

The Whys(HPT&E Unique S&T)

•Improved live & synthetic training environments (dynamically adaptive) •Selection criteria/standards for DO leaders•Reduced failed mission objectives•Enhanced lethality, survivability

DO-Enabled Training

Technologies &

Methodologies

•Improve Warfighter performance in complex (distributed/ asynchronous) combat environments

– Cognition/decision making skills

– Physical capabilities

–Enable small unit decision making

•Explore new training/operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines

– Communications technologies

– Enhanced ability to carry required loads for longer periods

Enhanced Combat

Capabilities at Individual & Small Unit

Level

•Integrated Communications & Decision Making

– Enable lower-level DM in units

– Enhanced SA attainment / maintenance

•Explore new training & operational technologies for DO-enabled Marines

Information Exploitation at All Echelons in

Real Time

•Better trained, educated, & equipped Marines

– Enhanced Lethality

– Enhanced Survivability

– Enhanced Mobility

DO Marine as a

System

FunctionsDO Tenets

(CONOPS)

Current Load

Our

Target

s

Need for Increased Protection

Photo by: Cpl. William Skelton

Navy Seaman Apprentice Petree, Al Anbar, Iraq

Face protection

Neck protection

Shoulder protection

Modular extremity protection

Helmet & vest protection

S&T Enablers•Advanced Materials•Epidemiology•Blast & Bio-effects Knowledge•Surrogates & M&S Tools

Funded Programs

• Marine Corps Advanced Combat Helmet System Initiative– $500K in ’06, $150K in ’07 (additional ’07 funds pending approval)– Develop field tested advanced helmet technologies that provide

improved blast, blunt trauma and ballistic protection.– Provide increased modular protection to the critical areas of the

face and neck areas. – Develop advanced materials to increase ballistic performance.– Develop an improved suspension system to better absorb high

impacts and blast. – Develop helmet designs that provide increased protection,

comfort and fit while reducing fatigue.– Reduce heat stress by 25%. – Development of helmet M&S and design tools

Light Tactical Vehicle Evolution: Jeep to JLTV

1959-1984

M151

1984-1995 M1025

1993-? M1114/M1151

2010-FutureJLTV FOV

(2005 Golden HMMWV)

Technology Improvements:A0 Series (1984-93) 6.2L diesel engine, 3 spd transmission, 2,500 lb. payload (incl. crew), Up to 3,632 lb. Payload (shelter carrier)86,237 producedA1 Series (1991-95) Improved drivetrain, Improved suspension8,899 producedA2 Series (1994-present) 6.5L engine, 4 spd electronic trans, 9,000 lb. winch, CTIS ready, 4,400 lb. payload (incl. crew), 9,013 produced

Technology Improvements:Redesigned for the Military.Featuring a longer wheelbase, softer ride, more powerful engine, manual transmission, and four wheel independent suspension

Technology Improvements: Expanded Capacity Vehicles (1993-present)5,100 lb. payload (M1113, M1151/1152, incl. crew)Heavy Up-Armored HMMWV (M1114 UAH)9,748 produced

Technology Improvements:Integrated Survivability (Armor),Integrated C4ISR (space, weight, power)Net Payload Capacity with ArmorImproved Mobility with and without Armor

Today’s Light Vehicle is More Complex – Modernization Cycles Accelerating

ONR is conducting studies, analyses and technology development efforts in the areas of concepts, survivability, and mobility

• Technology evaluations and trade studies– Awarded Contract to Nevada Automotive Test Center (NATC)– Validation of JLTV CDD and performance specification

• Fabricate a Gap 1 technology demonstrator– Nevada Automotive Test Center– Build, test, and evaluate a Combat Tactical Vehicle demonstrator platform

• Concept studies/mockup construction – Awarded contracts to AM General, General Dynamics, BAE, Cadillac Gage, Oshkosh– Generate concepts for FOV:

• Near term concept (for MS B)• Far term concept (MS C and beyond)• Future technology investment areas

– Deliverables aligned with key acquisition events

ONR S&T Support to JLTV

ONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorCombat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)Combat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)

ONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorONR (NATC) – Technology DemonstratorCombat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)Combat Tactical Vehicle (CTV)

Survivability & Force Protection■ 6 Marine/Soldier cab■ Monocoque Aluminum-based V-Shaped Lower Hull with Integrated Armor/Structure■ Modular Armor Kit■ Blast-Mitigating Seats■ Air Conditioning w/ Modular NBC■ Automatic Fire Suppression■ Accepts Multiple Weapons Stations

Network Centricity■ Integrated communications suite Sustainability■ Limited on-board diagnostics■ 10Kw on the Move & 30Kw Stationary Integrated, exportable AC power

Transportability■ 96” w x 220” l Operational Ht = ~ 86 inches & Reducible Ht = 76.4 inches ■ CH53/CH47 EAT & C130 Transportable■ MPS & Amphibious shipping■ Demonstrator curb weight = 15,600 lbs

Mobility■ 322 Hp Detroit Diesel 926■ 6-Speed Twin Disc Transmission with Integral Transfer Case■ SLA Independent w/ 3-Position Ride Height Adjustment & 24” Wheel Travel■ Central Tire Inflation Systems (CTIS)■ Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) w/ Integrated Stability Control

Payload■ 6000 lb payload with integral armor

Operational Range■ 400 miles

The Ultimate Customer – The Warfighter!

Caveat: Real Customer: SYSCOMs, PEOs, DRPMs

HOT Buttons:1. Survivability2. Reduce Combat Load3. Small Unit Excellence4. Fuel Efficiency5. Light weight portable power sources6. “Transparent Urban Structures7. Modular, Scaleable Weapons8. CIED, MCM, CRAM

Documents

Presented by George W. Solhan Deputy Chief of Naval Research for Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating Terrorism S&T Department (ONR 30) 13 February