Presentation Waste-Tec - ENG final.ppt.pdf

7/30/2019 Presentation Waste-Tec - ENG final.ppt.pdf

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Presented by: WASTETEC SYSTEMS [email protected]

[email protected]


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The EUs Landll Directive (1999/31/EC) has set the target ofreducing the amount of biodegradable municipal waste placed inlandll sites to 35% of its 1995 level by 2017.(BioMethane being emitted by landlls (CH4) is 24x moredangerous with respect to greenhouse effect than CarbonDioxide (CO2).

The obligations under the Kyoto Protocol are such that the EUhas targetted that by 2020, 20% of all energy generated is fromrenewable sources.


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EU LandfillDirective

Landfill Tax?

KyotoProtocol

SlovakGovt.

Paying fineto EU

LandfillTax?

Need toreduce

cost tocitizens

BudgetDeficit meansless cash for

towns

Need toincreaserecycling

The Non-Virtuous

Circle


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The technology side of biomass is available but, I suggest, thesupply side is not. One major UK project will source biomassfrom Canada.

The price of biomass is increasing due to short supply predictions are that the cost of generating heating frombiomass will exceed that of gas.

However, there exists another source of material wheresupply is growing relentlessly communal waste


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These pressures have led to the development of exci5ng new

technologies for the treatment of communal waste with theadded value of genera5ng income from renewable energy .


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Thermal Technologies Incineration(Thermal Oxidation)

Pyrolysis Gasification Plasma Arc Gasification

Non-ThermalTechnologies

Anaerobic Digestion Bio-drying Mechanical BiologicalTreatment


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This presenta5on deals with ATT Advanced Thermal Treatmenttechnologies Pyrolysis and Gasica5on

Pyrolysis and Gasica;on are used to turn wastes into SynGas byhea;ng thewaste under controlled condi5ons.

WhilstIncinera;on fully converts the input waste into energy and ash, Pyrolysisand Gasica5on deliberately limit the conversion so combus;on does not occur .

Pyrolysis and Gasica5on convert the waste into valuableintermediates thatcan be further processed for materials recycling or energy recovery .


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Advantages of new technologies over Incineration Far lower emissions well within the limits specied by the Waste

Incineration Directive

The syngas produced can be fed directly to gas engines or gas turbinesachieving greater electricity conversion efficiencies than incineration /steamturbines

Gasiers require a homogenous feed of waste using a Refuse derived Fuel(RDF) plant where recyclables ( such as plastic) are recovered for separateprocessing


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A wide range of materials can be handled by Pyrolysis andGasica5on technologies. Specic processes have been op5mised tohandle par5cular feedstocks.Main Applica5ons include

Agricultural and Forestry residues

Household and Commercial Waste

Residues from material recyclinge.g. electronic waste, tyres, mixed plas5cs)


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Municipal Solid Waste is typically pretreated prior to Thermaltreatment to produce a Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF).This processinvolves:

Removal of NonCombus5bles and Recyclables (typically metals andglass)

Drying to reduce the excess moisture

Shredding to reduce volume


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The pre-treatment process results in a high net calorificvalue (NCV) RDF that is:

Dry Relatively free of pathogens Relatively free of odours Easy to transport Easy to store and handle

The NCV of RDF is typically between 10-20 MJ/kg

The RDF contains between 35-50% of the original volumeof waste.


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PYROLYSISis dened as the chemical decomposi;on of a condensed substance by hea;ng .The pyrolysis process takes place in thecomplete absence of oxygen , turning carbonaceouswaste into an organic char and a synthesis gas (SYNGAS).

Low temperature process opera5ng typically from 300 800 C.

GASIFICATION is dened as the par5al thermal degrada5on of a substance under substoichiometric condi5ons (i.e. in the presence of oxygen but with insufficient oxygen tooxidize the fuel completely).

The process uses high temperatures to break down waste into its basic elementalcomposi;on , under controlled oxygen condi;ons , producing a synthe5c gas(SYNGAS) and an ash product.

A high temperature process with opera5ng temperatures typically exceeding 1000oC.


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The advantage of gasica5on process is that the produc5on of energy from syngas is poten5ally more efficient than direct combus;on of the original fuel.

The process does not convert all of the chemical energy in the fuel into thermal

energy but instead leaves some of the chemical energy in the syngas and in thesolid residues.

Syngas may be burned directly forelectricity produc;on , used to producemethanol and hydrogen, or converted via the FischerTropsch process into asecond genera5on biofuel.

The typical NCV of the gas from gasica5on using oxygen is10 to 15MJ/Nm 3 (forcomparison the NCV for natural gas is about38 MJ/Nm3 ).


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Syn-Gas Applications: Energy Produc5on

Intermediates for chemical synthesis

Produc5on of second genera5on biofuels


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Pyrolysis - Char Applications: (Dependent on the feedstock and operating conditionspyrolysis can be used to convert waste into): Charcoal mul5ple industrial applica5ons

Coke for use in industry such as steel making Biochar for land condi5oning and carbon sequestra5on Biofuels producing fuels from biomass crops Carbon Black and oil use as a commodity chemical and fuel

Gasica;on Ash Applica;ons Cement Manufacture Breeze Block Manufacture Roadbed Aggregate Structural Filler Industrial Filling Material


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Reactor

WASTE

BIOMASS

COAL

Electric Turbine

Syn-GasCooling &Cleaning

Char for Industrial Use(Pyrolysis)

Bottom Ash/Metals

Mixed Materialsfed into the system

Feed Materials Pyrolysed into Syn Gas(CO, H2 & CH4) and Char or Gasiedinto H2 ,CO, and Ash

Gases ConvertedInto Energy & Char

used in industry

FuelCell

Methanol


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Over 30 European sites, of which the oldest has beenworking for more than 11 years in Scandinavia, Germany,

UK, Italy and France.

A further 3 plants planned to come into opera5on 2011 2012 with our involvement.

Over 6 ,000 tonnes of waste processed.Over 3 0,000 opera5ng hours.


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Norway 1 34,000 tonnes/annum Norway 2 38,000 tonnes/a nnum

Norway 4 75,000 tonnes/annum Germany 1 37,000 tonnes/annum


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1.

Waste Bunker 11. Bag house lter2. Shredder 12. Filter residue silo3. Metal extrac5on conveyor 13. Flue gas fan4. Fuel crane 14. Chimney

. Fuel bunker 1 . Bo om ash extrac5on6. Hopper 16. Steam turbine7. Primary chamber 17. Aircooled condenser

(Gasica5on)8. Secondary Chamber (Higher temperature oxida5on)9. Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG)10. Lime and Carbon silo


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1 MW module

4 MW moduleInstallation 4 MW Gasifier

Installation 1MW Gasifier


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Woodchips Ready for Shredding

Waste Wood

Refuse

Transportable

No pelletizing required, simple shredding of feedstock down to 20-50mm is sufficient.System can accommodate up to 30% moisture content, which in most cases eliminates the need for pre-drying.


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Industrial Customer Energy Plant 24MWLocation: UK

To be commissioned: 2011


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WT100


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General Specica;on WT100

Electrical output: 1 MWe (plus 0.7 MW heat)Size of gasier module: 11m x 5.5m x 7m highTotal site footprint required for gasier module, engines and fuel storage area:approximately 15m x 12m (site layout drawing available on request)Throughput : 5 10,000 tonnes per annumThe system is designed to run at less than 75dBDesigned for easy integra;on of mul;ple modules

General Specica;on WT200 Electrical output: 1.7 MWe (plus 2 MW heat) Size of gasier module: 15m x 4.5m x 10m high Total site footprint required for gasier module, engines and fuel storage area:

approximately 20m x 20m (site layout drawing available on request)

Throughput : 1520,000 tonnes per annum (approx 2 tonnes per hour of RDF/biomass e.g. clean or dirty wood) The system is designed to run at less than 70dB Providing heat and power 24/7


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We are marke5ng and project coordina5on arm of an independent English Waste toEnergy engineering company, Stopford Projects, founded in 1982 and now employingsome 130 engineers in three project offices in the UK.

Independent in the sense that we are not the agents for any par5cular equipmentmanufacturer . By contrast we are able to evaluate the performance of differentmanufacturers and select the equipment which is best for each applica5on.

We design the system in order to fully comply withcustomers needs and localmaterial base characteris5cs.

What we offer is a complete turnkey project guaranteed to meet the agreed designspecica;on. All installa;ons are carried out by local contractors working under oursupervision


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We provide our mul5disciplinary services to the followingsectors:

Petrochemical & Bulk Chemical

Pharmaceutical & Fine

Chemical

Fuel Storage & Distribution

Environment

Biotechnology

Renewable Energy

Nuclear


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Technology Capacity Concept Pilot Plant Full Scale Notes

Gasica5on 24 MW 2 tpd Patented

Plasma Gasica5on 40MW 1,000 tpd x x Patented

Gasica5on 10MW Patented

Pyrolysis Lines 20tpd, plant 120 tpd x Patented

RDF 100 tpd Patented

RDF 00 tpd x

Cataly5c Oxidizer 0 tpd Depending on Supplier

Thermal Recovery 100 tpd Patented

Batch Tyre Pyrolysis 20 tpd

Incinera5on 1,000 tpd

Aerobic Drying 1,000 tpd x x

Encapsula5on 10 tpd x

Thermal Desorp5on 13 tph Patented

LLW Recovery of Isotopes 20 tpd x


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WTSStopford have developed signicant capabili5es in waste andenvironmental sector, offering R&D, mul5 disciplinary engineering, consultancyand project management services. Our capabili5es cover the following scope ofwork.

Process Mass Balance Technology Assessment and Development Site investigation and Environmental Impact

Assessment Front end Engineering and Design

(FEED) Studies Multi Disciplinary Engineering Design Gasifier Design Flue Gas and Syn-gas Cleaning

Principal contractor and CDM EPM contractor Waste to Energy Training Programme

Landfill Survey and Waste StreamCharacterisation

Waste Tyre Recycling Recycled Plastic Wet-Separation

Process Treatment of contaminated Solids Isotope and precious metal

Recovery Development of uultrasonic

microencapsulation process for thetreatment of paint waste sludge Lab Trials, Scale Up and Operation Contaminated Land Remediation


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Biomass

10,000tonnes

per year

1.300tonnesper day

GasicationDomestic

waste

Plasma

GasicationTyres

Pyrolysis


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People dont change when you tell themthere is a be er op5on they change when

they conclude they have no other op5onMichael Mandelbaum John Hopkins University USA

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Presentation Waste-Tec - ENG final.ppt.pdf