28
Presentatio Presentatio n Skills n Skills

Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

  • View
    269

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Presentation Presentation SkillsSkills

Page 2: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Tell them what you’re going to Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them, tell them, and then

tell them what you’ve told themtell them what you’ve told them

Page 3: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Why present?Why present?• Oral communication skills are vital in jobsOral communication skills are vital in jobs• Presentations allow students to Presentations allow students to

demonstrate their knowledge and abilitiesdemonstrate their knowledge and abilities• Employers want to recruit people with Employers want to recruit people with

good verbal skillsgood verbal skills

Page 4: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Why present?Why present?

43% of the audience more likely to be 43% of the audience more likely to be persuaded if you present with visual aids persuaded if you present with visual aids than if you just talkthan if you just talk

(University of Minnesota)(University of Minnesota)

If using visual aids, 58% of audience is If using visual aids, 58% of audience is persuaded if you sit; 79% if you standpersuaded if you sit; 79% if you stand

(University of Pennsylvania)(University of Pennsylvania)

Page 5: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Presentation’s won’t work if;Presentation’s won’t work if;

• You are not interested in the materialYou are not interested in the material• Your audience is not enthused by the Your audience is not enthused by the

materialmaterial• You talk directly from a script and not to You talk directly from a script and not to

your audienceyour audience• You cannot make the material interestingYou cannot make the material interesting• You have not preparedYou have not prepared• You know nothing about the materialYou know nothing about the material

Page 6: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Poor PresentationsPoor Presentations

Poor First impressionPoor First impression No objectivesNo objectives

UnfocussedUnfocussed Dull, BoringDull, Boring

Frozen to the spotFrozen to the spot Poor Visual AidsPoor Visual Aids

Poor Facial ExpressionPoor Facial Expression Weak Eye ContactWeak Eye Contact

No humourNo humour Poor PreparationPoor Preparation

Poor ConclusionPoor Conclusion Too QuietToo Quiet

Too gimickyToo gimicky Not professionalNot professional

Poor TimingPoor Timing Technology FailureTechnology Failure

Page 7: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Preparing your PresentationPreparing your Presentation

• A presentation should be prepared as much as A presentation should be prepared as much as the report you are writing the report you are writing • make sure it is presented in a logical and make sure it is presented in a logical and

understanding format.understanding format.

• PlanPlan• The objectives of the talkThe objectives of the talk• The main points you want to makeThe main points you want to make

• Once you have made a list of these things, Once you have made a list of these things, you are already starting to build you you are already starting to build you presentation.presentation.

Page 8: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Preparing your PresentationPreparing your Presentation

• Write out the presentation in roughWrite out the presentation in rough• Review the draftReview the draft

• You will find things that are irrelevant so delete You will find things that are irrelevant so delete themthem

• Check your storyCheck your story• Check it is consistent and flows smoothlyCheck it is consistent and flows smoothly

• ReviewReview• If there are thinks you cannot easily express, If there are thinks you cannot easily express,

possible because of doubt about your possible because of doubt about your understanding, it is better to leave them unsaidunderstanding, it is better to leave them unsaid

Page 9: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

IntroductionIntroduction

• The introduction is important as this is the first The introduction is important as this is the first impression that the audience will have of you. impression that the audience will have of you.

• You need to grab the audiences' attention. Some You need to grab the audiences' attention. Some ideas for the opening of a presentation are;ideas for the opening of a presentation are;

• Use a question, involve the audienceUse a question, involve the audience• Use a quotationUse a quotation• Tell a story or anecdoteTell a story or anecdote• Make a factual statementMake a factual statement

• Set your theme, use a checklist of what you are Set your theme, use a checklist of what you are going to tell them.going to tell them.

Page 10: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Main BodyMain Body• This is the part of the presentation where you This is the part of the presentation where you

demonstrate your understanding and knowledge of demonstrate your understanding and knowledge of the subject that you are presenting. the subject that you are presenting.

• Its here that you show that you have done your Its here that you show that you have done your research and readingresearch and reading

• You may want to show the evidence of your reading You may want to show the evidence of your reading by including the research / views of others.by including the research / views of others.

• Ensure that this part of the presentation has a logical Ensure that this part of the presentation has a logical order and not jumping from one point to another order and not jumping from one point to another • This will only confuse your audience and you may This will only confuse your audience and you may

lose their attention.lose their attention.

Page 11: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

ConclusionConclusion

• Be memorised and rehearsedBe memorised and rehearsed• Re emphasise the aims of the Re emphasise the aims of the

presentationpresentation• Revisit the key evidenceRevisit the key evidence• Finish with an interesting pointFinish with an interesting point• Never be rushed – it is a critical part of the Never be rushed – it is a critical part of the

presentationpresentation• End on a high!End on a high!

Page 12: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

The SlidesThe Slides

• Limit information on slide Limit information on slide • too much information and the audience will read the information and not too much information and the audience will read the information and not

listen to you.listen to you.

• Use a reasonable size font that people will be able to see Use a reasonable size font that people will be able to see clearlyclearly• use a minimum 18pt Times Romanuse a minimum 18pt Times Roman

• Lower case is easier to read than UPPER CASELower case is easier to read than UPPER CASE• Avoid using technical diagramsAvoid using technical diagrams

• these can be provided on handouts, but they are too detailed to read on these can be provided on handouts, but they are too detailed to read on a presentation.a presentation.

• Use colour on the slidesUse colour on the slides• Avoid Orange and Yellow which do not show up clearlyAvoid Orange and Yellow which do not show up clearly

It is always better to have too few slides than too manyIt is always better to have too few slides than too many

Page 13: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

TimingTiming• It is important that you get the timing of your It is important that you get the timing of your

presentation rightpresentation right

• Do not try to squeeze too much information in Do not try to squeeze too much information in if you are allocated a short time slot.if you are allocated a short time slot.

• Allow 2 minutes for each general slide Allow 2 minutes for each general slide

• The audience could get bored if you are on The audience could get bored if you are on one slide for much longerone slide for much longer

Page 14: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

TimingTiming• Stick to the plan of the presentation and do not Stick to the plan of the presentation and do not

be tempted to go off on a tangentbe tempted to go off on a tangent

• Moving away from the agenda could mean Moving away from the agenda could mean that yourself and the audience are confused that yourself and the audience are confused and you start repeating yourselfand you start repeating yourself

Page 15: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

ContentContent

• You need to make sure that the content:You need to make sure that the content:• Is interestingIs interesting• To the point To the point • Clear Clear • Appropriate to the audience Appropriate to the audience • It will achieve your desired objectives. It will achieve your desired objectives.

• You also need to look at the content in relation You also need to look at the content in relation to the length of time that you have to deliver it. to the length of time that you have to deliver it.

• Do you have enough information for the time Do you have enough information for the time that your presentation is due to last?that your presentation is due to last?

Page 16: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Question’sQuestion’s

Questions are an important part of any Questions are an important part of any presentation and you need to plan for presentation and you need to plan for themthem• If you have made a mistake – admit itIf you have made a mistake – admit it• Never move outside of your area of expertiseNever move outside of your area of expertise• If you don’t understand the question – ask the If you don’t understand the question – ask the

person to clarify itperson to clarify it• If you don’t know the answer – admit it, but If you don’t know the answer – admit it, but

say you will look into itsay you will look into it

Page 17: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

QuestionsQuestions

• Do not interrupt the questioner until they Do not interrupt the questioner until they have finishedhave finished

• Repeat questions to clarify / to give you Repeat questions to clarify / to give you time to thinktime to think

• Keep answers brief – you are also timed Keep answers brief – you are also timed on the time allowed for questionson the time allowed for questions

• Do not be defensive or argueDo not be defensive or argue• Do not ignore peopleDo not ignore people

Page 18: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

QuestionsQuestions

• Questions from fellow students and Questions from fellow students and lecturers are very importantlecturers are very important• They show that you know around the subject They show that you know around the subject

areaarea

• Do not pre rehearse questions with fellow Do not pre rehearse questions with fellow students – it is very obvious!students – it is very obvious!• Especially if you answer with a written Especially if you answer with a written

responseresponse

Page 19: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

• Use a clock or watch to time yourself so you know if you are going to fast or too slow

• Tell the audience that you would like questions at the end and not during

• DO NOT read everything from the notes• Speak more slowly and loudly than you normally would

do• Make eye contact with your audience so that they feel

included• Act confident, it will make the assessors have

confidence in you• Pause briefly after main points, it allows the audience

time to think about your points

Presenters Key PointsPresenters Key Points

Page 20: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Delivering the PresentationDelivering the Presentation• Make sure that you look at the audienceMake sure that you look at the audience

• don't turn your back on them don't turn your back on them • don't talk to the OHP screen.don't talk to the OHP screen.

• Look the audience in the eye. Look the audience in the eye. • However try to avoid focusing upon just one person, as you may However try to avoid focusing upon just one person, as you may

begin to make this person feel uncomfortable. begin to make this person feel uncomfortable. • Make sure that you glance around the whole audienceMake sure that you glance around the whole audience

• Remember to smileRemember to smile

• Avoid leaning on things which may be in the room e.g. a Avoid leaning on things which may be in the room e.g. a table, a lectern, or the OHP table, a lectern, or the OHP • this will make you look sloppythis will make you look sloppy

Page 21: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Delivering the PresentationDelivering the Presentation• Aim to be bold and convincing Aim to be bold and convincing

• not self-apologetic towards the audiencenot self-apologetic towards the audience

• Start slowly to establish vocal clarity with your Start slowly to establish vocal clarity with your audienceaudience• try to remain calm, nervousness often speeds up try to remain calm, nervousness often speeds up

delivery and reduces claritydelivery and reduces clarity

• If can be helpful to memorise the first few sentences of If can be helpful to memorise the first few sentences of your presentation word for word your presentation word for word • This will increase your confidence in the first few This will increase your confidence in the first few

moments.moments.

Page 22: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

HandoutsHandouts

Handouts are excellent but you need to Handouts are excellent but you need to think about when to hand them outthink about when to hand them out• If you hand them out during the If you hand them out during the

presentationpresentation• The audience may read them instead of The audience may read them instead of

listening to you – you may want them to do listening to you – you may want them to do thisthis

• This could take up crucial time in your This could take up crucial time in your presentationpresentation

Page 23: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

HandoutsHandouts

• If you give them out before you startIf you give them out before you start• The audience may read the whole The audience may read the whole

presentation, think they know it all and not presentation, think they know it all and not listen to youlisten to you

• If you give them out at the endIf you give them out at the end• Tell the audience at the start so they don’t Tell the audience at the start so they don’t

make notes in the presentationmake notes in the presentation• The audience may have questions on the The audience may have questions on the

handouts so leave contact detailshandouts so leave contact details

Page 24: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Why Rehearse?Why Rehearse?

• To check the timing of your presentationTo check the timing of your presentation• To check for mistakesTo check for mistakes• To overcome nervesTo overcome nerves• To check technologyTo check technology• To write cue cardsTo write cue cards• To memorise key partsTo memorise key parts• To check emphasisTo check emphasis• To gain confidenceTo gain confidence

Page 25: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Do Not’sDo Not’s

• Do not Do not look at the board the whole time look at the board the whole time • you are presenting to an audience NOT a whiteboardyou are presenting to an audience NOT a whiteboard

• Do not read out your speech from a piece Do not read out your speech from a piece of textof text• as your voice and inflection become different, as your voice and inflection become different,

it is also usually less natural than when you it is also usually less natural than when you are using your own words.are using your own words.

• Mannerisms Mannerisms • We all have mannerisms, by making yourself aware of We all have mannerisms, by making yourself aware of

your mannerisms you minimise the risk of using your mannerisms you minimise the risk of using annoying habits.annoying habits.

Page 26: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Do Not’sDo Not’s

• Avoid jokesAvoid jokes• Some people may not find them funnySome people may not find them funny

• Speak naturally Speak naturally • not too fast and not too slownot too fast and not too slow

• Speak in a monotone voiceSpeak in a monotone voice• Stand where you will obstruct the screenStand where you will obstruct the screen• ApologiseApologise

Page 27: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Workshop 1Workshop 1• Imagine you are getting interviewed for a job and Imagine you are getting interviewed for a job and

you have been asked to give a 5 page you have been asked to give a 5 page presentation on why you are more suitable for presentation on why you are more suitable for the position given that you will have a degree.the position given that you will have a degree.

• You will work in groups of 3You will work in groups of 3• You can make up the type of job positionYou can make up the type of job position• Brainstorm all the ideas firstBrainstorm all the ideas first• Think about the logical order for the presentationThink about the logical order for the presentation• Make sure it is professional!Make sure it is professional!• 30 minutes allowed30 minutes allowed

Page 28: Presentation Skills. Tell them what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you’ve told them

Workshop 2Workshop 2

• Is copying software/music/films more Is copying software/music/films more serious than walking into a shop and serious than walking into a shop and stealing a CD or a DVD?stealing a CD or a DVD?• Who loses out on this theft?Who loses out on this theft?• Will this ever be stopped and if so how?Will this ever be stopped and if so how?