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PRESENTATION ON : ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLAR HYBRID
INVERTERS
Genus Power Infrastructures Limited Jaipur (Rajasthan)
Power Backup Solution Solar fundamentals Renewable Generation
Power Backup Solution
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INVERTER HOME UPS STATIC UPS ONLINE UPS SOLAR HYBRID INVERTER / HUPS
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INVERTER :- An inverter is an electrical device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), the resulting AC can be at any required voltage and frequency with the use of appropriate transformers, switching and control circuits.
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UPS :- In addition to inverter, it has instant protection from a momentary power interruption.
HOME UPS :- Works both as Inverter and UPS with the user selectable switch. It has moving parts such as relay.
STATIC UPS:-Works both as Inverter and UPS with the user selectable switch. It does not have any moving parts.
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ONLINE UPS:- It is one in which inverter always supply power to the protected load. When mains is present, the inverter derives its power from the rectifier (DC converted from mains) and simultaneously charges the batteries. When mains fail, the inverter derives power from batteries. It is especially useful for sensitive and critical load.
SOLAR HYBRID :- Same as Inverter / HUPS with additional charging option from solar panel.
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Square Wave: Very old style Inverter. OK for Bulb Loads. Not good for other appliances like Tube Lights, Fans, coolers and motors etc.
Quasi Sine Wave: In basic it is square wave inverter, but
at low load conditions the circuit in this type of inverters cuts some part of the square wave. Good for Bulbs. Not good for other appliances like Tube Lights, Fans, coolers and motors etc
Trapezoidal Wave : There is no inverter in the mass
market which is able to supply the trapezoidal waveform. This type of waveform is still better than Square wave and Quasi Sine Wave.
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Microcontroller Based or Digital Inverter : This in basic is a Square wave Inverter only. The difference is that the control in this type of inverters is done by microcontroller. Increased reliability of inverter but still not safe for appliances.
DSP Based Sine Wave: Good for all type of loads. But it
gives low battery backup and it is costly. Also these inverters creates a very irritating high frequency noise which may cause danger to human health.
Microcontroller Based Pure Sine Wave: These inverters are
not pure sine wave as they claim it is. It gives low battery backup. Also these inverters creates a very irritating high frequency noise which may cause danger to human health.
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DSP Based Sure Sine Wave : This is the world’s latest technology Inverter launched by GENUS. This inverter is having all the advantages of Sine wave Inverter with backup time equal to square wave inverters. It creates no sound in load and in inverter.
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SINE WAVE Clean green power
supply same as mains. 100% assurance for
quality of power supply that is safe for your appliances.
Increases battery life. No humming noise. Increases gadget
efficiency. Costlier than Square
wave.
SQUARE WAVE Compromises on power
quality due to inefficiency.
Is harmful for life of your appliances.
Decreases battery life. Produces humming
noise in fans, tube-lights and other gadgets.
Decreases gadget efficiency.
Low cost.
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A B
GENUS
ON NO LOAD CONDITION ALL
THE THREE INVERTERS ARE
DELIVERING PURE SINE WAVE
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600W BULB LOAD
A B
GENUS
>ON BULB LOAD PURE SINE WAVE IS NOT NEEDED.
>BULBS DO PERFORM SAME ON ALL TYPE OF
WAVEFORMS.
>GENUS SURE SINE WAVE INVERTER BY ASIC
TECHNOLOGY MIX THE THIRD HARMONICS INTO
PURE SINE WAVE FOR LONGER BACKUP
WITHOUT AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF
BULB LOAD.
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TUBELIGHT LOAD > “A” 800VA Sine Wave Inverter can handle only 6 Tube lights. > “B” 800VA Sine Wave Inverter can handle only 8 Tube lights. > GENUS 800VA Sure Sine Wave can take up to 12 Tube lights.
A B
GENUS
ONLY ON 6 TUBELIGHT LOAD THE SINEWAVE OF “B” AND “A”
PURE SINEWAVE INVERTER GOT BADLY DISTORTED. THIS
TYPE OF WAVEFORM IS HARMFUL FOR APPLIANCES.
GENUS SURE SINE WAVE INVERTER BY ASIC TECHNOLOGY
ADDS A LIMITED AND KNOWN HARMONICS INTO THE ACTUAL
SINEWAVE FOR BETTER BACKUP AND BETTER LOAD
HANDLING.
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ON CFL LOAD THE SINEWAVE OF “B” AND “A” PURE
SINEWAVE INVERTER GOT BADLY DISTORTED. THIS TYPE
OF WAVEFORM IS HARMFUL FOR APPLIANCES.
GENUS SURE SINE WAVE INVERTER BY ASIC TECHNOLOGY
ADDS A LIMITED AND KNOWN HARMONICS INTO THE ACTUAL
SINEWAVE FOR BETTER BACKUP AND BETTER LOAD
HANDLING.
A B
GENUS
JUST LIKE A
SQUARE WAVE
INVERTER
WAVE FORM VERY CLOSE TO PURE SINEWAVE NEXT
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NOISE FREE OPERATION
GENUS SINE WAVE INVERTER DOES NOT PRODUCE ANY SOUND IN
INVERTER AND APPLIANCES
OTHER SINE WAVE INVERTERS IN MARKET ( LIKE “A” AND “B”) PRODUCE
AN IRRITATING HIGH FREQUENCY SOUND INTO THE INVERTER. THIS
SOUND CAN CAUSE A HEADACHE AND IS VERY HARMFUL TO THE HUMAN
HEALTH.
BACKUP TIME
ON ACTUAL HOUSEHOLD LOAD ( LIKE CFL, TUBE LIGHTS, FANS etc. )
GENUS SINE WAVE INVERTER PROVIDES THE LONGER BACKUP TIME IN
COMPARISION OF OTHER SINE WAVE INVERTERS IN THE MARKET. THIS IS
DONE BY ASIC TECHNOLOGY.
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LOAD HANDLING
“A” 800VA Sine Wave Inverter can handle only 6 Tube
lights.
“B” 800VA Sine Wave Inverter can handle only 8 Tube
lights.
GENUS 800VA Sure Sine Wave can take up to 10 Tube
lights.
GENUS Sure Sine Wave Inverters can handle the surge
load upto 300%.
GENUS Sure Sine Wave Inverters can handle almost all
type of house hold loads.
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PROBLEMS WITH AN ORDINARY CHARGER
• IT TREATS ALL THE BATTERY AS NEW BATTERY WHICH
CAUSE DAMAGES IN THE BATTERY WHEN IT BECOMES
ONE YEAR OLD.
• IT GIVES UNECCESSARY HIGH CHARGING TO THE
OLD BATTERY WHICH CAUSE HIGHER ELECTRICITY
BILL, MORE WATER LOSS IN BATTERY AND HEATING OF
THE BATTERY.
• THE INPUT POWER FACTOR OF THESE TYPE OF
CHARGER IS VERY LOW ( 0.4 – 0.5 ) WHICH CAUSE
HIGHER ELECTRICITY BILL.
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• NOT GOOD CONTROL ON CHARGING DUE TO WHICH
IT TAKE VERY LONG TIME TO GET THE BATTERY
CHARGED.
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GENUS SINEWAVE INVERTER ASIC TECHNOLOGY AUTOMATICALLY DETECTS THE
HEALTH CONDITION OF BATTERY AND ADJUSTS CHARGING LEVELS ACCORDINGLY. BECAUSE OF WHICH BATTERY LIFE INCREASE UP TO 25%, REQUIRES LESS WATER TOPPING AND LESS ELECTRICITY BILL.
THE GOOD POWER FACTOR CHARGER ENSURES
LESS ELECTRICITY BILL IN CHARGING. ASIC SOFTWARE CHARGER ENSURES 50% FAST
CHARGING AS COMPARED TO OTHER CHARGERS. NEXT
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SUPER BACKUP UPS 400 VA 600 VA 800 VA HOME UPS 600 VA HUPS 800VA HUPS 800 VA Deluxe 1400VA HUPS 600VA HUPS 220V/50HZ EXPORT 800VA HUPS 220V/50HZ EXPORT 1400VA HUPS 220V/50HZ EXPORT INVERTER LOWER KVA 600VA 12VDC HORIZONTAL INVERTER 800VA 12VDC HORIZONTAL INVERTER 1400VA 24VDC HORIZONTAL INVERTER
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COMPACT INVERTER 600VA COMPACT INVERTER DOMESTIC 600VA 220V 50HZ COMPACT INVERTER EXPORT 800VA COMPACT INVERTER DOMESTIC 800VA 220V 50HZ COMPACT INVERTER EXPORT 800VA 120V 60HZ COMPACT INVERTER EXPORT 1400VA COMPACT INVERTER DOMESTIC 1400VA 220V 50HZ COMPACT INVERTER EXPORT 1400VA 120V 60HZ COMPACT INVERTER EXPORT STATIC UPS 2.5KVA 48VDC STATIC UPS 3.5KVA 48VDC STATIC UPS 5KVA 96VDC STATIC UPS INVERTER HIGHER KVA 1P-1P 2.5KVA 48VDC INVERTER 3.5KVA 48VDC INVERTER 3.5KVA 48VDC EXPORT INVERTER
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5KVA 96VDC INVERTER 5KVA 48VDC INVERTER 5KVA 48VDC DELUXE INVERTER (Variable charging current 5-15
Amp., Rotary By pass switch) 5KVA 120VDC INVERTER 5KVA 96VDC EXPORT INVERTER 5KVA 110VAC 60HZ INVERTER 5KVA 110VDC INVERTER FOR RAILWAY 7.5KVA 120VDC INVERTER 7.5KVA 180VDC INVERTER 7.5KVA 240VDC INVERTER 7.5KVA 120VDC EXPORT INVERTER 10KVA 180VDC INVERTER 10KVA 192VDC INVERTER 10KVA 240VDC INVERTER 10KVA 192VDC EXPORT INVERTER 15KVA 240VDC INVERTER
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INVERTER 3P-3P 10KVA 240VDC INVERTER 10KVA 360VDC INVERTER 20KVA 360VDC INVERTER 30KVA 360VDC INVERTER 40 KVA 360VDC INVERTER ONLINE UPS 1P-1P 1KVA 168VDC OLU 1KVA 180VDC OLU 2KVA 180VDC OLU 3KVA 168VDC OLU 3KVA 180VDC OLU 5KVA 180VDC OLU 7.5KVA 180VDC OLU 7.5KVA 192VDC OLU 10KVA 192VDC OLU
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ONLINE UPS 3P-3P 5KVA 360VDC OLU 6KVA 360VDC OLU 10KVA 360VDC OLU 15KVA 360VDC OLU 20KVA 360VDC OLU 30KVA 360VDC OLU 60KVA 360VDC OLU ONLINE UPS 3P-1P 7.5KVA 360VDC 15KVA 360VDC
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LIFT INVERTERS (3P-3P) 6 KVA 180 VDC 8 KVA 180 VDC 15 KVA 240 VDC
SOLAR PRODUCTS 600VA 12VDC SOLAR HYBRID HUPS 800VA 12VDC SOLAR HYBRID HUPS 1400VA 24VDC SOLAR HYBRID HUPS 2.5KVA 48VDC SOLAR HYBRID INVERTER 3.5KVA 48VDC SOLAR HYBRID INVERTER 5KVA 96VDC SOLAR HYBRID INVERTER
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User friendly graphical display. No load shut-down with automatic load sensing to Restart. Manual By-Pass Socket. State of art MOSFET Based, PWM Controlled DSP Technology. Auto sense intelligent control (ASIC) technology that automatically sense battery condition and increase battery life and minimize water
topping. Compact surface mount technology. Smart Over Load sensing with auto reset. Sine Wave output that runs your expansive appliance efficiently. Green mode consumes less power in no load conditions. Selectable charging current with high charging option. User selectable UPS and Normal Mode. Generator compatible. Ideals for computers. Protections against short-circuit, reverse phase, low battery, reverse battery and over temperature (With proper indications). No humming noise. Easy to service. Automatic power factor correction. Capable to with stand high inrush current. NEXT
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600 VA Oceanic Converter 1400 VA Oceanic Converter 1400 VA Deluxe HUPS Solar Charge Controller Solar Inverters Triple Conversion 2 KVA OLU OLU with PFC, Static Bypass, SNMP
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Solar
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A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts solar energy into electricity by the photovoltaic effect.
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Photons in sunlight hit the solar panel and are absorbed by semiconducting materials, such as silicon.
Electrons (negatively charged) are knocked loose from their atoms, allowing them to flow through the material to produce electricity. Due to the special composition of solar cells, the electrons are only allowed to move in a single direction. The complementary positive charges that are also created (like bubbles) are called holes and flow in the direction opposite of the electrons in a silicon solar panel.
An array of solar panels converts solar energy into a usable amount of direct current (DC) electricity.
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The schematic symbol of a solar cell
The equivalent circuit of a solar cell
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I-V CHARACTERISTICS
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The efficiency (n) of a solar cell is defined as the power Pmax supplied by the cell at the maximum power point under standard test conditions, divided by the power of the radiation incident upon it.
a solar cell of 12% efficiency with a 100 cm2 (0.01 m2) surface area can be expected to produce approximately 1.2 watts of power.
Solar cell energy conversion efficiencies for commercially available multicrystalline Si solar cells are around 14 -19%
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Cells with higher values of VOC suffer smaller reductions in voltage with increasing temperature. For most crystalline silicon solar cells the reduction is about 0.50%/°C, though the rate for the highest-efficiency crystalline silicon cells is around 0.35%/°C.
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A photovoltaic module is composed of individual PV cells. This crystalline-silicon module has an aluminium frame and glass on the front.
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Solar cells are often electrically connected and encapsulated as a module. PV modules often have a sheet of glass on the front (sun up) side , allowing light to pass while protecting the semiconductor wafers from the elements (rain, hail, etc.). Solar cells are also usually connected in series in modules, creating an additive voltage. Connecting cells in parallel will yield a higher current. Modules are then interconnected, in series or parallel, or both, to create an array with the desired peak DC voltage and current.
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A photovoltaic array is a linked assembly of PV modules. NEXT
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Most commercially available solar cells are capable of producing electricity for at least twenty years without a significant decrease in efficiency.
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To make practical use of the solar-generated energy batteries are used to store the energy that is not needed immediately.
Charge input from solar arrays is insufficient to keep the batteries fully charged. During sun-less days, batteries are discharged but not charged. These conditions result in battery operating in Partial State of Charge (PSOC), Cycling and Deep cycling. Also, solar systems are installed in open atmosphere exposing the batteries to extreme Temperatures. Other lead acid batteries fail in such conditions due to sulphation, stratification, corrosion and plate shedding. Moreover, remote solar installations make water top-up difficult and costs money.
Battery for Solar System
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To meet such rigors of usage, Tubular Gel VRLA battery is a perfect fit for solar applications.
VRLA stands for valve
regulated lead acid and is the designation for low maintenance lead-acid batteries
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VRLA batteries use much less electrolyte (battery acid) than traditional lead-acid batteries.
These are really "recombinant" batteries, which means that the oxygen evolved at the positive plates will largely recombine with the hydrogen ready to evolve on the negative plates, creating water--thus preventing water loss. The valve is strictly a safety feature in case the rate of hydrogen evolution becomes dangerously high.
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These batteries have a pressure relief valve which will activate when the battery is recharged at high voltage (typically greater than 2.30 volts per cell, a 12 volt battery has 6 cells). Valve activation allows some of the active material to escape thus decreasing the overall capacity of the battery.The lids (covers) typically have gas diffusers built into them that allow safe dispersal of any excess hydrogen that may be formed during overcharge.
There is no need (nor possibility) to check the level of electrolyte or to top up water lost due to electrolysis, reducing inspection and maintenance.
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Absorbent glass mat (AGM) is a class of VRLA battery in which the electrolyte is absorbed into a mat of fine glass fibers.
Their internal resistance is lower than traditional cells due to close plate proximity and the pure lead plates have lower resistivity, they handle higher temperatures better, and self discharge more slowly.
Their specific power is very good and they can be charged and discharged quite rapidly.
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A Gel Battery (also known as a "gel cell") is a VRLA battery with a gelified electrolyte; the sulfuric acid is mixed with a silica fume, which makes the resulting mass gel-like and immobile.
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Why a Charge Controller is necessary ? Since the brighter the sunlight, the more voltage
the solar cells produce, the excessive voltage could damage the batteries. A charge controller is used to maintain the proper charging voltage on the batteries. As the input voltage from the solar array rises, the charge controller regulates the charge to the batteries preventing any over charging.
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1) BULK : During the Bulk phase of the charge cycle, the voltage gradually rises to the Bulk level (usually 14.4 to 14.6 volts) while the batteries draw maximum current. When Bulk level voltage is reached the absorption stage begins.
2) ABSORPTION : During this phase the voltage is maintained at Bulk voltage level for a specified time (usually an hour) while the current gradually tapers off as the batteries charge up.
3) FLOAT : After the absorption time passes the voltage is lowered to float level (usually 13.4 to 13.7 volts) and the batteries draw a small maintenance current until the next cycle.
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Renewable Generation
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Battery charging is performed by SPV modules which reduces electricity consumption by the deployed Inverter.
Thus Solar Hybrid / Solar Inverter can be classified as 5
star energy efficient inverter. In case of high efficiency Solar Hybrid / Solar Inverter,
efficiency is also improved to a considerable extent. Thus day loads in office environment can be run with
relatively lesser battery capacities with grid disconnected facility in day time.
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In the absence of grid availability in majority of Indian states, off grid Solar Hybrid / Solar Inverter can be the better choice in the Indian context then the grid connected roof top systems.
Thus off grid high efficiency Solar Hybrid / Solar Inverter can be
popularized in the Indian context with one time capital subsidy plus lower interest rate should be made simpler instead of feed in tariff approach adopted in other countries.
SPV module O/P’s can be monitored through wireless
communication cable. Inverters / Meters to audit / monitor the actual deployment on sampling basis by the state nodal agencies.
Thus SPV module subsidy to be made simpler to avail at the time
of purchase by the consumer.
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GRID (Wind OPT)
1KW SPV
250W X 4
HF Inverter +
MPPT CC @ 90 %
+ GCI
12V x 2 (150 AH)
Residential
Applications
Internet cafe
Rural Panchayat /
Schools / PHC
Rural telephony
Rural Banking
Rural Dairying
Power loom
Spindle
Rural drinking
water supply
Thermo electricity
counter
Desert cooler
Offices (Dayloads
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GCI Off Grid
Module 1 Lac 1 Lac
Battery 25 K 25 K
Inverter 20 K 10 K
Structure 15 K 15 K
Installation &
Meter
20 K 10 K
Profit 20 K 15 K
Other sources Nil 25 K (Wind generation)
Total 2.00 Lac 2.00 Lac NEXT
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GRID (Wind OPT)
1KW SPV
250W X 4
2.5/3.5/5 KVA Solar
Hybrid Inverter @
90%
4 (300 AH Battery
bank) / 4x2 150 AH
ATM
Applications
Petrol Pump
Chilling / Juice plant
School Computer
centre PHC, Internet
Kiosks / Rural banks
Embroidery floor /
Factory mill
Dental Chair
Residential
Cable TV operators
/ Cinema
AC
Telecom Tower
Village Power
supply
Drinking water
supply NEXT
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Module 1 Lac
Battery 40 K
Inverter 40 K
Installation & Com service 20 K
Enclosure 25 K
Profit 15 K
Total 3.00 Lac
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SOLAR LANTERNS SOLAR HOME LIGHTNING SYSTEM SOLAR STREET LIGHT SOLAR FANS SOLAR POWER PLANTS SOLAR WATER PUMPS TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS: RADIO TRANSCEIVERS ON
MOUNTAIN TOPS, OR TELEPHONE BOXES IN THE COUNTRY CAN OFTEN BE SOLAR POWERED
CATHODIC PROTECTION: THIS IS A METHOD FOR SHIELDING METALWORK FROM CORROSION, FOR EXAMPLE, PIPELINES AND OTHER METAL STRUCTURES. A PV SYSTEM IS WELL SUITED TO THIS APPLICATION SINCE A DC SOURCE OF POWER IS REQUIRED IN REMOTE LOCATIONS ALONG THE PATH OF A PIPELINE
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What is solar Hybrid inverter ? A solar hybrid inverter is a type of electrical inverter
that is made to change the DC from photovoltaic array and battery into AC for use with electrical appliances.
If mains and solar power both are available the charging current is taken from both sources (Solar and Mains) and priority is given to solar.
If mains is not available and solar is available the load will supply through solar as well as battery.
If the load is such that it can be supplied directly through solar panel and the battery will not be discharged.
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Why the Hybrid Version? A purely solar power solution for general lighting load is
very expensive as far as initial investment is concerned. Also, due to frequent power failure, a regular battery backup UPS / INVERTER barely gets time to charge the battery from mains. The Hybrid Version combines solar energy and mains utility to give an excellent solution by providing the best of both worlds.
Our hybrid models are designed with extreme flexibility so that you can add panels as and when required in the future to increase the percentage sharing of solar power.
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General consideration : Min. No of Panel = No. of Battery Required Suppose we need a backup of 1Hour of 500W load. Output of inverter WH = 1 x 500 = 500WH Let efficiency is 0.75 then 500/0.75 = 666WH We need 666WH input for a inverter. If we have 1 panel of 75W and available sunlight in one
day is 5.5Hours then WH = 75 x 5.5 = 412WH But we need actually 666WH so we have to increase
one panel in parallel. i.e. WH = (75+75)x5.5= 825 WH is sufficient
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General consideration : Min. No of Panel = No. of Battery Required Suppose we need a backup of 2Hour of 2000W load(2.5KVA Inverter /
48V i.e. 4 Penal) Output of inverter WH = 2 x 2000 = 4000WH Let efficiency is 0.75 then 4000/0.75 = 5333WH We need 5333WH input for a inverter. If we have 4 panel of 150W and available sunlight in one day is
5.5Hours then WH = 150 x 5.5 = 825WH(One penal) need 4 panel = 825x4 = 3300 But we need actually 5333WH so we have to increase 4 more
panel in parallel. i.e. WH = (150*8) x 5.5= 6600 WH which is sufficient
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Solar Hybrid:-
1. 600 VA HUPS 2. 800 VA HUPS 3. 1400 VA HUPS 4. 2.5 KVA Inverter 5. 3.5 KVA Inverter 6. 5 KVA Inverter
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The following products shall be launched in this financial year:-
1. 25 A MPPT Charge Controller (in 12 V and 24 V) 2. 1 KVA High Frequency Solar 3. 5 KVA Solar 4. Transfer of technology of 250 KVA Solar Grid Connect
from SATCON, USA
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1. Exploring the possibilities for developing Grid Tied Lower KVA Inverter
2. Up to 60 Ampere MPPT Charge Controller with voltage range of 48 V
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DIGITAL HUPS
OPTIONS 1 2 3 1 2 3
FAN X 1 2 2 1 4
TUBELIGHT 1 1 3 3 2 4
PC (Coloured Monitor 15 Inches)1 x X 1 1 x
Deskjet Printer X x x 1 1 x
400 VA 800VA
MODELS
OPTIONS 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
FAN 10 1 2 15 1 3 5 1 3
TUBELIGHT 16 2 3 20 2 3 8 2 10
PC (Coloured Monitor 15 Inches)X 6 5 X 8 7 X 12 10
Deskjet Printer X x 1 X X 1 X 1 1
AC 1.5 TON X X X X X X 1 X X
2.5KVA 3.5 KVA 5 KVA
LOAD CHART STATIC UPS
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STATIC UPS
System capacity Battery Voltage Battery AH Backup Time
(Approx.)
2.5KVA 48 V
100 AH 1Hr.45Mins.
150 AH 2Hr.45Mins.
200 AH 3Hr.30Mins.
3.5KVA 48 V
100 AH 1Hr.10Mins.
150 AH 1Hr.40Mins.
200 AH 2Hr.15Mins.
5 KVA 96 V
100 AH 1Hr.10Mins.
150 AH 2Hr.
200 AH 2Hr.45Mins NEXT
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DIGITAL HUPS
System capacity Battery Voltage Battery AH Backup Time
(Approx.)
400 VA 12 V
65 AH 1Hr.45Mins.
80 AH 2Hr.15Mins.
100 AH 2Hr.50Mins.
800 VA 12 V
100 AH 1Hr.25Mins.
150 AH 2Hr.
200 AH 2Hr.55Mins.
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ANY QUESTIONS?
Thank You…