KOSHI FLOODS 2008-A SCOPING MISSION FOR RECOVERY PLANNING23RD SEPTEMBER – 3RD OCTOBER 2008

BY UNDP NEPAL ANDUNDP’S BUREAU FOR CRISIS PREVENTION AND RECOVERY

Presentation for consultation in Debriefing meeting

1st October 2008

Kathmandu, Nepal

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

I. Background 1. Aim and scope of this mission2. Situation overview

II. Current Humanitarian response: Emerging issues for recovery

III. Proposed recovery coordinationIV. Proposed recovery planningV. Post disaster damage and needs

assessment for recovery

AIM AND SCOPE OF THE MISSION

Aim To advise the UNDP CO on future recovery

planning in support of the GoN and the IASC; To support the UNDP CO in assisting the GoN

on recovery coordination in context of the ongoing initiatives of different agencies; and

To support the UNDP CO in assisting the GoN and IASC on post disaster needs assessment as relevant in the geographical and response context.

Scope• Floods from the embankment breach on

the Koshi river• Focusing on recovery• UNDP’s facilitation support to the

government and IASC

SITUATION OVERVIEW

The event: Breach of embankment on the Saptakoshi river on

18th AugustCauses of the event

Low maintenance of embankment High siltation over time

Overview of the event in approximate numbersNo. of affected VDCs: 8No. of affected families: 11,000No. of affected persons: 55,000Area of affected land: 5,500 hectaresLoss of livestock: 13,000 heads including birdsNo. of registered families: 7,600No. of registered persons : 44,000No. of temporary camps: 28No. of permanent camps: 1 (1 under progress)

SITUATION OVERVIEW (CONTD)

The patterns of displacement

Current humanitarian response: Emerging issues for recovery

CURRENT HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE: EMERGING ISSUES FOR RECOVERY

• Humanitarian coordination: efficient and empowering

• Accounting for the affected– Influx of Indian population– Registration of the displaced in host families– Secondary displacement– Duplication in and illegal registration

• Availability of Land for short term shelter and long term settlement– Government planning for lease– In situ resettlement should be promoted with

flood resilient measures• Future course of the river

– Costs and benefits of the alternatives– Time required for implementation

CURRENT HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE: EMERGING ISSUES FOR RECOVERY

• Transition from current settlements– Time required for water to recede– Service provision in temporary settlements– Standards for camp management– Onset of winter– Access to energy for preparing food and

other purposes– Amount of loss of agricultural land-

predictions of 25-40%– Government preparing for running camps

for the next 9 months

Proposed recovery coordination

PROPOSED RECOVERY COORDINATION • Inter-ministerial coordination

• Central Disaster Relief Committee as per the Natural Calamity Relief Act of 1982

• MOPPW (in coordination with MOHA) may be given mandate for recovery as the lead of the reconstruction sub-committee in the Act

• MoWR and MOFA should continue to play an important part in light of the uniqueness of the event in relation to India (Joint committee on water issues)

• The other critical line ministries like MoAC, MOHP and MoE should also have an important role to play

• Global cluster approach for recovery• How early should be early recovery? As early as possible• Could go on to support the longer term recovery if required• Should support the humanitarian community in sustaining their

investments without putting additional pressure on them• Critical partnerships required with the World Bank and ADB• Early recovery coordination support to HC’s office through and

ER advisor / coordinator

PROPOSED RECOVERY COORDINATION District level recovery coordination

• Agencies have initiated ER activities with out any formal cluster

• The DDRC would continue to lead the coordination in the recovery process

• Continuation of staff during the crisis and recovery period• Involvement of local CBOs and networks such as DP Net

Involvement of private sector, media and academic institutions• Corporate: Global compact members, FNCCI, NCC,

Architects association, Engineers’ association, contractors’ association, banking and insurance and so on

• Media: Across the regions(not restricted to the East), across languages and from both central and local level

• Academic institutions: Engineering, medicine, social work and so on

A joint coordination mechanism should be set up under the leadership of the GoN to incorporate all the above four areas

Proposed Recovery Planning

FEW CRITICAL ISSUES FOR RECOVERY PLANNING

• Government of India’s commitment of support Repair and strengthening of the embankment as per the Koshi

Treaty Repair of the East – West highway

• Availability of primary data This is a pre-requisite for any damage or needs assessment The government should be supported on data collection

• Agricultural season Harvest of the current crop if possible, would be due by November Winter crop sowing would be in December Agricultural support would have to be accordingly timed

• The upcoming festival period in October and December The festivals of Dashain, Tihar, Chhat and Christmas will impact

on response in the coming last quarter of 2008

PROPOSED RECOVERY PLANNING-DEVELOPING A RECOVERY FRAMEWORK

PROPOSED RECOVERY PLANNING

Early Recovery Planning • Early recovery strategic framework should be based on

– An early recovery coordination mechanism outline earlier– An early recovery needs assessment like the recent inter-

agency needs assessment– A strategic planning process that could build on the GoN’s 9-

month plan• Early recovery strategic framework should include

– Analytical summary of findings of the needs assessment– Comparative advantage of the respective agencies as partly

highlighted the current and previous humanitarian appeals in Nepal and the CCA/UNDAF documents

– Sequence of the priorities– Link to the longer term recovery process– Consideration to cross-cutting issues like gender, age, HIV/AIDS,

human rights, environment and disaster risk reduction

In this particular case one option could be that a Post disaster needs assessment be undertaken in continuum on the basis of which both early and long term recovery planning is based

PROPOSED RECOVERY PLANNINGFrom early to long term recovery: Key elements of

the planning process

• Baseline of development and DRR objectives• Post disaster needs assessment for recovery • Prioritization of needs• Response options analysis• Developing the recovery framework

Post disaster needs assessment for recovery

POST DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR RECOVERY

Joint assessment team Led by the government at the central and district levels Supported by relevant IASC members In partnership with the World Bank and ADB

The process Collection of primary data Methodology to be adopted Preparation of ToRs for sector wise assessment; Identification of technical expertise and team composition Analysis for inputting into the next stages of recovery planning

The timing Starting early to mid November Beginning with a rapid and practical assessment of ER needs

and ending with a detailed needs assessment for longer term needs

POST DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR RECOVERY

• Baseline state of each sector prior to the floods. How the status of the sector affects MDG achievement Describe and quantify the types of physical damages Identify the sources of this data and its limitations.

• Human dimensions Impact of damages and losses at the household level Local capacities and capacity building priorities Local level community based initiatives that can be

reoriented for promoting early and longer term recovery Underlying causes that may have exacerbated the risk Human rights claims related to humanitarian response Negative coping mechanism that may perpetuate the

effects of the disaster and create new risks Disaggregated treatment differentiating the impacts on

the basis of cross cutting issues like gender Potential secondary threats

POST DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR RECOVERY

• Direct damages Methodology used for economic value of

damaged and destroyed assets. Identify sources of uncertainty in the calculated

values Intermediate values for understanding final direct

damage value

• Indirect losses Economic value of downstream losses that

will accrue to the economy Intermediate values for indirect loss value for

the sector.

RECOVERY NEEDS ASSESSMENT-AREAS OF FOCUS• Based on the damage assessment, apply identify immediate priority and

implementable measures for promoting rapid recovery and those for long term recovery

• Differentiate among the recovery needs of affected groups, paying particular attention to the needs of women, and the poorest and most disadvantaged socio-economic groups

• Describe general implementation considerations for different planning scenarios and an estimated budget for the measures identified

• Relate the identified measures to any relevant MDGs and describe how the identified measures will advance progress towards those MDGs

• Identify risks of future disasters – flood-related and otherwise – and early and long term recovery measures that will reduce those risks.

EARLY RECOVERY PROGRAMMING - SUGGESTED INTERVENTIONS

Few suggested interventions in the given context (not exhaustive)• Camp based education • Alternative livelihoods promotion in camps• Repair of damaged shelter• Semi – permanent housing options• Veterinary support for accompanying livestock• Training to DDRC member offices on governance for recovery• Technical training support to MOPPW engineers on camp

construction• Tracking system for persons living with host families• Assistance for sand removal from houses and agricultural

farms• Masonry training on hazard resistant construction• Community based early warning systems

LONG TERM RECOVERY PROGRAMMING - SUGGESTED INTERVENTIONS

Few suggested interventions in the given context (not exhaustive)

River hydrology study (upstream and downstream) Physical planning

Encourage in situ resettlement Infrastructure restoration

Shelter reconstruction Agriculture and livestock including alternative cropping Alternative livelihoods Environmental restoration Cross-cutting issues like gender, local governance Longer term risk reduction- Build Back Better

JUST TO RECAP

I. Background II. Current Humanitarian response:

Emerging issues for recoveryIII. Proposed recovery coordinationIV. Proposed recovery planningV. Post disaster damage and needs

assessment for recovery

Thank you