Presentation: December 16, 2003 California Integrated Waste Management Board Waste Facilities, Environmental Justice, and Community Participation

Presentation: December 16, 2003California Integrated Waste Management Board

Waste Facilities, Environmental Justice,Waste Facilities, Environmental Justice, and Community Participation and Community Participation

Agenda for Today’s Session

The context for community perceptions and environmental justice

Best practices and emerging themes in community engagement in environmental justice

Context: Environmental Inequity in California

There is an established pattern of inequity by race and income for various environmental “negatives” in California.

Studies on:

Transfer, storage and disposal facilities

Toxic release inventory sites Respiratory risk indices from

cumulative exposure layers

For Example:

Pattern of TRI Facilities by Ethnicity, 2000

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Los Angeles Area

2000 TRI Air Release Locationsand Race/Ethnicity of Residents

(Tract demographics from 2000 U.S. Census)

% People of Color (quantiles)

> 78%49% - 78%

< 26%

$ TRI Air Release (2000)

26% - 49%

Miles100

N

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$$$$$$$San Francisco

Bay Area0 10

Miles

Demographics and Environment

Ethnic Composition Within One Mile of a TRI Facility (2000 TRI; 2000 Census)

54.9%

36.1%

25.0%

41.9%

5.8% 7.3%

10.7% 11.5%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

For tracts not within one mile of a TRI For tracts within one mile of a TRI

Asian Pacific

African-American

Latino

Anglo

Understanding of Environment Inequity

58%60%61%

72%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Toxic waste is more likely in minority communities Parks are less likely in minority communities

perc

ent o

f gro

up

White

Latino

Environmental Inequity Recognized by Californians

This Sets the Context for Participation with Environmental Agencies

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Ke lle r C an yo n La nd fill

Scale equals: 1 to 5,257,3590 40 80 Miles

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d:/data/GISCA/cal_ej.apr - field: Ppnhw - view: CA California View - Teale Alberslayout: California - Disposal Sites & %Tract Pop. NHW 2000, Ppnhw

Active and Permitted Disposal Sites, and the Population Percentage of the Census Tractthat is Non-Hispanic White in 2000, California

CENTER FOR JUSTICE, TOLERANCE AND COMMUNITY - http://cjtc.ucsc.edu/

% Pop. NHW 2000less than %2020% - 40%40% - 60%60% - 80%greater than 80%

County Boundaries$ Disposal Sites

Including CIWMB and Its Regulation of Landfills, Transfer Stations, and Waste Tire Recyclers

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d:/data/GISCA/cal_ej.apr - field: Ppnhw - view: CA California View - Teale Alberslayout: California - Transfer Sites & %Tract Pop. NHW 2000, Ppnhw

Active and Permitted Transfer Sites, and the Population Percentage of the Census Tractthat is Non-Hispanic White in 2000, California



County Boundaries%[ Transfer Sites


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Ba y T ire S alv ag e& S up p ly Inc


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d:/data/GISCA/cal_ej.apr - field: Ppnhw - view: CA California View - Teale Alberslayout: California - Waste Tire Sites & %Tract Pop. NHW 2000, Ppnhw

Active and Permitted Waste Tire Sites, and the Population Percentage of the Census Tractthat is Non-Hispanic White in 2000, California



County Boundaries#· Waste Tire Sites


Empirical Analysis

Recall our basic findings:

Empirical Analysis


Transfers and waste tire sites are very unevenly distributed by race and income

Ethnic Distribution Within One Mile of Transfer Sites in California

48.2%

34.2%

6.1%

9.7%

31.1%43.4%

11.3% 9.6%

3.4% 3.1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

not within one mile within one mile

Other

Asian & Pacific Islander

Latino

African-American

Non-Hispanic White

Empirical Analysis


Transfers and waste tire sites are very unevenly distributed by race and income

Ethnic Distribution Within One Mile of Waste Tire Disposal Sites in California

47.2%

32.5%

6.3%

10.0%

31.9%46.5%

11.2%7.9%

3.4% 3.1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%


Other


Latino

African-American

Non-Hispanic White

Landfills/solid waste disposal seem more equitably located – but perceptions linger based in part on unregulated sites

Empirical Analysis

Ethnic Distribution Within One Mile of Landfill and Solid Waste Disposal Sites in California

46.6% 49.2%

6.5% 4.8%

32.4% 33.1%

11.1% 9.0%

3.4% 3.9%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%


Other


Latino

African-American

Non-Hispanic White

Landfills/solid waste disposal seem more equitably located – but perceptions linger based in part on unregulated sites

Empirical Analysis

Ethnic Distribution Within One Mile of Landfill and Solid Waste Disposal Sites in California

46.9%

35.3%

49.2%

6.5%

6.9%

4.8%

32.1%

44.9%

33.1%

11.2% 9.9% 9.0%

3.4% 2.9% 3.9%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

not within one mile active but not permitted active and permitted

Other

API

Latino

African-American

Non-Hispanic White

The Complex View: Multivariate Analysis

Multivariate analysis:

controlling for the effects of several variables such as income and population density

Upon your suggestion, also controlled for urbanization

Upon Your Suggestion, We Controlled for Urban Area

landfill / solid waste

transfer station

waste tire site

percent people of color (+) *** (+) *** (+) ***

per capita income (?) -- (-) * (-) ***

population density (-) * (+) ** (-) ***

urbanized community (-) *** (+) *** (+) ***

*** significant at the .01 level** significant at the .05 level* significant at the .10 level

-- not statistically significant

Probability of hosting an active and permitted:

Logistic Regression Analysis

Waste Facility Data Conclusions

Further analysis still supports the notion that there is inequitable proximity

Even where support in the data is weaker, perceptions of inequitable proximity persist

Better outreach and improved community voice could help with both the reality and the perception

Connecting with the Community

Who was contacted….

Activists and advocates Neighborhood and grassroots

organizations US EPA staff Public participation professionals in Cal

EPA, other agencies and outside government

CONTEXT for community participation:

Participation is built through conflict and collaboration.

Areas for participation: needs assessment, planning, implementation, enforcement and evaluation.

CONTEXT for community participation:

There is often a disconnect between what the community hears and understands

AND

the authority and messages of multi-tiered agencies.

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

COMMUNITY INPUT COMMUNITY USE

Involvement in processes Program Utilization

InformationCapacityConnectedEngagement

Education of all stakeholders will further community capacity and participation.

Communities want and need more information to better participate.

Technical assistance may be necessary for those with greater needs.

TOOLS for improving community participation: Education

TOOLS for improving community participation: Marketing

Know your audience

A public relations approach to "marketing" or simply disseminating information may not capture the public.

Authentic outreach means communicating, dialog, and engagement with the public.

TOOLS for improving community participation: Diversity

Not all communities are the same, they have different assets and needs.

Targeted and/or prioritized efforts in monitoring, outreach, programming, etc. can help to further EJ work and community participation

OUTCOME of the work

Recognizable results, such as complaint resolution protocols and advisory groups, will be important to build community buy-in.

These actions lead to authentic participation.

Some recommended tools/mechanisms

Accessible use of technology Technical Outreach Services

for Communities Stakeholder Advisory Groups Community-Specific Research Complaint Resolution

Protocols Public Participation Guide

We learned from the research….

Initial best practice research from across the country is consistent with what we have heard in California

We learned from the research….

Quality participation….is good business

Questions?

Documents

Presentation: December 16, 2003 California Integrated Waste Management Board Waste Facilities, Environmental Justice, and Community Participation