Multidimensional elements of the intellectual connectivity between the

Scientific inputs and outputs of publications in the case of selected universities in Japan

Vignes Gopal Krishna Fast track PhD student & SLAI fellow

Faculty of Economics and Administration University of Malaya

Email address: vignesgopal@yahoo.com/vignesgopal@um.edu.my

IntroductionScientific publications have taken up the role of knowledge mediator that can disseminate the various

thoughts of interest ranging from ordinary to complexity issues to heterogeneous agents.

The increasing pace of scientific publications in the context of inter-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary issues of interest has shown the positive pace of patching up and catching up through the integration of heterogeneous particles (actors of research network) and the incorporation of the new forms of novelty that will be useful for the evaluation on the research performance and absorptive capacity of institutions. The latter is consistent with Hart (2000) and Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000).

As highlighted by Van Damme(2001), the productivity of academic research can be considered as one of the indexes to measure the level of competencies among the worldwide institutions. Increasing movement of flexibility in the context of the dissemination of scientific publications in terms of the subjects, areas of interest, classification of authors and etc can be captured clearly through the concept of Bibliometrics.

The creation of new / partial forms of new knowledge and the dissemination of the former to the scientific players through peer-reviewed journals are crucial function of research communities .

Academic articles and journals indexed by ISI and Scopus are widely recognized by the intellectual minds (Nguyen and Lam(2011,pp.108)

The ISI database covered around 10-12% of all peer reviewed journals and inline with Monastersky (2005)

ISI publications are considered to be one of the indicators for the determination of QS ranking, ARWU /Shanghai ranking and etc.

GCI 2013-2014Country Global Competitiveness Index (2013-

2014)Switzerland 1Singapore 2

Japan 9Australia 21Malaysia 24

China 29India 60

Cambodia 88Zambia 93Vietnam 70

* Criteria of evaluation (Labour market efficiency, Scientific productivity, government structure, visibility of interactions and etc)

Source: Global Competitiveness Index Report, 2013-2014

ISI publicationsCountry Scientific publications (ISI)

Switzerland 573,910

Singapore 153,563

Japan 2,426,148

Australia 989,456

Malaysia 80,250

China 2,090,264

India 844,966

Cambodia 1,540

Zambia 4,055

Vietnam 16,949

Source: Web of Science, 1986-2013

ISI Publications in ASEAN countriesASEAN countries Total publicationsMalaysia (1980-2013*) 81,000Vietnam (1980-2013*) 16, 555Cambodia (1989-2013*) 1, 511

Laos (1982-2013*) 989Thailand (1980-2013*) 78, 800Myanmar (1990-2013*) 917

Indonesia (1980-2013*) 19 467

Brunei (1980-2013*) 1062Philippines(1980-2013*) 17286

Singapore(1980-2013*) 151, 335

Source : Web of Science , 1980-2013

Visualization of selected literaturesIllustrations of literatures in ASEAN countries (Scientometrics)

Hassan, et.al (2012, pp. 1038-1048) have identified dual modes of collaboration strength in the case of selected ASEAN universities in the flow of thematic areas such as Nanotechnology, Energy, Health, Food, Agriculture, Biotechnology, Environment, Information and communication technology (ICT), and Industrial Technology through Salton’s measure.

Vinluan (2012, pp. 281-291 ) has looked into the positive and negative trends of multidimensional analysis of selected scientific documents (Article, Note, Review, Letter) in the subjects areas of Education and Psychology through the comparison between Philippines and Asean countries.

Nguyen and Pham (2011, pp. 112-113 ) have shown and generated the results of Knowledge Economy Index (KEI), Knowledge Index, Innovation and Information and Communication Technology(ICT) – Two phases (High and low rankings of KEI, KI, INNO, ICT) – High (Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand), and Low (Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines and etc)- No reported data for Brunei. (Additional source: World Bank Report on Knowledge Economy Index (KEI)

Other related literatures

Cabanac (2013, pp. 2-7) has suggested that the higher level of robustness through the usage of Schubert-Glanzel’s model of Phi-Index will illustrate the overall bibliographic dataset in the field of Computer Science.

Mas-Bleda and Aguillo (2013, pp.53-55) have put up the statement that personal websites can be used as an instrument/tool for the communication of ideas and thoughts and it can also be known as the information provider on the academic activities of researchers, formally and informally published results, and individual researchers.

Benson and Magee (2013, pp. 72-74) have visualized the fact that hybrid keywords and patents classes can be considered as the robust methods in selecting the set of patents for the technological field.

Francheschini, et.al (2013, pp. 90-92) have represented success index as an useful indicator to detect the higher levels of citations of papers through the testing on the:-

a) Comparison of groups of researchers within the same scientific field, but affiliated with different universities

b) Comparison of different departments of the same universityc) Comparison of entire research institutions

Yang, et. al (2013, pp. 135-137) have indicated that municipal solid waste and sludge were the major research types of solid wastes, and have reflected anaerobic digestion, wastewater and heavy metals as the major topics of research on solid waste based on the analysis of titles, keywords of authors, and keywords plus.

Review of selected literaturesHassan, et.al (2012) a)Biasness of the selected thematic areasb)The chosen method may not reflect the true momentum of collaboration strength. c) Lack of discussions on the types of network collaborations and scientific documents.

Vinluan (2012) (a) Illustrations of local and international collaborations in a simple way(b) Biasness of selected scientific documents and sample years(c) Detailed descriptions about the most productive scientific researchers and institutions in Philippines (h-

index, number of publications, number of lead or sole-authored publications. – Small portions of biasness

Nguyen and Pham (2011)(d) Similar forms of discussions on the measurements of bibliometric studies (Total Publications, citations, h-

index, and etc) (e) The contribution of the research deals with the discussions on the KEI index based on the aggregated and

segregated approaches.

Cabanac (2013), Mas-Bleda and Aguillo (2013), Benson and Magee (2013), Francheschini, et.al (2013), and Yang, et. al (2013) – Lack of critical robustness of discussions and methods.

Flying Geese Paradigm

a view of Japanese scholars upon the technological development in Southeast Asia viewing Japan as a leading power

It was developed in the 1930s, and has gained wider popularity in the 1960s after the author Kaname Akamatsu published his ideas in the journal of Developing Economies

Analytical FrameworkCONTINUOUS FLOW OF NETWORK TRAJECTORY PHASES OF

INNOVATION (CFNTPI)

Origination and Development

Diffusion

Retention

Value addition of knowledge and issues

Adoption

Adaptation

a) Power of asymmetric information

b) Participating institutions

c) Concentration & Articulation of

issuesd) Strength of network

collaboratione) Duration of

interactionsf) Number of players

of scientific gaming

Source: Author

Years

Issues/Topics

University/OrganizationDuration of publications

UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO 1980-2013KYOTO UNIVERSITY 1980-2013OSAKA UNIVERSITY 1980-2013TOHOKU UNIVERSITY 1980-2013KYUSHU UNIVERSITY 1980-2013NAGOYA UNIVERSITY 1980-2013HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY 1980-2013TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1980-2013NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AIST 1980-2013UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA 1980-2013HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY 1980-2013JAPAN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AGENCY JST 1982-2013RIKEN, Adv Inst Computat Sci, Complex Phenomena Unified Simulat Res Team 1980-2013

KEIO UNIVERSITY 1980-2013

OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY 1980-2013

CHIBA UNIVERSITY 1980-2013KOBE UNIVERSITY 1980-2013NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF NATURAL SCIENCES NINS JAPAN 1980-2013

KANAZAWA UNIVERSITY 1980-2013

NIIGATA UNIVERSITY 1980-2013

Utilization of ISI Journals (Top 20)ISI journal

Number of publications Ranking

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1 REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES REVIEW PAPERS 19949 Tier 3JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 19443 Tier 1CHEMISTRY LETTERS 17934 Tier 2PHYSICAL REVIEW B 15869 Tier 1BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 15747 Tier 3BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 15561 Tier 3CHEMICAL PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 15189 APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 13247 Tier 1JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 12998 Tier 1CIRCULATION 12822 Tier 1JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 12800 Tier 2JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 12686 Tier 3TETRAHEDRON LETTERS 12092 Tier 2NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH 11169 Tier 3BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 9781 Tier 2

LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 9599 Unknown

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 9572 Tier 3JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 9491 Tier 3PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY 9489 Tier 1

JAPANESE CIRCULATION JOURNAL ENGLISH EDITION 9435 Unknown

ISI publications (Top 20)University /Organization Number of publicationUNIVERSITY OF TOKYO 198341 KYOTO UNIVERSITY 151225 OSAKA UNIVERSITY 126471 TOHOKU UNIVERSITY 116177 KYUSHU UNIVERSITY 84992 NAGOYA UNIVERSITY 82564 HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY 77812 TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 67280 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AIST 60943 UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA 50541 HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY 46900 JAPAN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AGENCY JST 46540 RIKEN 44507 KEIO UNIVERSITY 41415 OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY 37456 CHIBA UNIVERSITY 34023 KOBE UNIVERSITY 32743 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF NATURAL SCIENCES NINS JAPAN 29426 KANAZAWA UNIVERSITY 27542 NIIGATA UNIVERSITY 24512

Segregated Analysis of ISI publications (Top 15)

Scientific documents Number of publicationsARTICLE 1874388 PROCEEDINGS PAPER 316328 MEETING ABSTRACT 246554 NOTE 61682 REVIEW 45919 LETTER 43080 EDITORIAL MATERIAL 23043 BOOK REVIEW 4109 CORRECTION 3900 BOOK CHAPTER 1212 BIOGRAPHICAL ITEM 744 DISCUSSION 522 CORRECTION ADDITION 456 NEWS ITEM 431

ITEM ABOUT AN INDIVIDUAL 288

Research Areas (Top 20)Research Area Number of publication PHYSICS 360166 CHEMISTRY 313620 ENGINEERING 244082 BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 177301 MATERIALS SCIENCE 170788 PHARMACOLOGY PHARMACY 126573 NEUROSCIENCES NEUROLOGY 118584 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM CARDIOLOGY 89317 CELL BIOLOGY 78846 COMPUTER SCIENCE 76218 ONCOLOGY 71456 SURGERY 68632 IMMUNOLOGY 50997 GASTROENTEROLOGY HEPATOLOGY 49296

BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 49088 POLYMER SCIENCE 47902 MATHEMATICS 47365

METALLURGY METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING 46880 SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY OTHER TOPICS 46809 BIOPHYSICS 44755

Engaging countries (Top 35)Participating country Number of publicationsUSA 169512 PEOPLES R CHINA 44945 GERMANY 36614 ENGLAND 31895

FRANCE 25614 SOUTH KOREA 23882 CANADA 22237

AUSTRALIA 15734 ITALY 15409

RUSSIA 12625 SWITZERLAND 10985

NETHERLANDS 10613

INDIA 10391

SWEDEN 9804

TAIWAN 9624 SPAIN 8364 THAILAND 7293 POLAND 6687 BELGIUM 6080 SCOTLAND 5472

Participating country Number of publicationsAUSTRIA 4811 FINLAND 4590

DENMARK 4517 BRAZIL 4487 ISRAEL 4326

HUNGARY 3787 CZECH REPUBLIC 3690

INDONESIA 3440 SINGAPORE 3340

MALAYSIA 2850

PHILIPPINES 2082

VIETNAM 1930

CAMBODIA 165 LAOS 137 BRUNEI 26

Authors of ISI publications in Japan (Top 20)

Author Number of publicationsSUZUKI T 22146 TANAKA K 17751 NAKAMURA T 16106 SUZUKI K 15804 TANAKA T 15438 WATANABE T 15278 SATO T 15172 YAMAMOTO T 15054 TANAKA M 14589 TANAKA H 14178 KOBAYASHI T 14149 TAKAHASHI K 13907 SATO K 13601 SUZUKI M 13598 TAKAHASHI T 13518 YAMAMOTO K 13329 WATANABE K 13032 SUZUKI Y 12968 TAKAHASHI M 12546 SUZUKI H 12491

University of Tokyo- WOS categories- Top 15

WOS category Number of publicationBIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 18584 PHYSICS CONDENSED MATTER 11715 PHYSICS APPLIED 11280 PHYSICS MULTIDISCIPLINARY 11125 CELL BIOLOGY 9253 CHEMISTRY MULTIDISCIPLINARY 8819 MATERIALS SCIENCE MULTIDISCIPLINARY 7600 ASTRONOMY ASTROPHYSICS 7387 ENGINEERING ELECTRICAL ELECTRONIC 6530 CHEMISTRY PHYSICAL 6197 NEUROSCIENCES 5842 PHARMACOLOGY PHARMACY 5684 BIOPHYSICS 5031 GENETICS HEREDITY 4919 IMMUNOLOGY 4882

University of Tokyo- Research Areas (Top 15)

Research Area Number of publicationPHYSICS 42569 CHEMISTRY 21597 BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 19436 ENGINEERING 14194 MATERIALS SCIENCE 10280 CELL BIOLOGY 9317 ASTRONOMY ASTROPHYSICS 7387 NEUROSCIENCES NEUROLOGY 7065 PHARMACOLOGY PHARMACY 6148 SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY OTHER TOPICS 5778 COMPUTER SCIENCE 5503 BIOPHYSICS 5031 GENETICS HEREDITY 4919 IMMUNOLOGY 4882 ONCOLOGY 4599

University of Tokyo- Utilization of ISI Journals (Top 15)

ISI Journals Number of publication Ranking PHYSICAL REVIEW B 3660 Tier 1JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 3621 Tier 1PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2354 Tier 1JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 2325 Tier 1BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2049 Tier3ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 1819 Tier 1CHEMISTRY LETTERS 1575 Tier 2PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY 1490 Tier 1PHYSICS LETTERS B 1451 Tier 1PHYSICAL REVIEW D 1340 Tier 2APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 1300 Tier 1JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 1236 Tier 1NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH 1209 Tier 3JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1170 Tier 3BLOOD 1115 Tier 1

University of Tokyo- Authors(Top 15)

Authors Number of PublicationSUZUKI T 2329 KOBAYASHI T 2151 NAKAMURA Y 1972 TANAKA S 1841 NAKAMURA K 1814 WATANABE T 1805 TAKAHASHI T 1782 YAMAMOTO K 1723 NAKAMURA T 1651 YAMAMOTO T 1532

University of Tokyo-Participating Organizations (Top 10)

Participating organizations Number of PublicationJAPAN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AGENCY JST 9669 RIKEN 8404 KYOTO UNIVERSITY 7462 TOHOKU UNIVERSITY 6124 OSAKA UNIVERSITY 5882 NAGOYA UNIVERSITY 4774 TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 4676

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AIST 4551 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF NATURAL SCIENCES NINS JAPAN 4431 UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA 4215

University of Tokyo –Participating Countries (Top 7)

Participating country Number of publicationUSA 20036 GERMANY 5451 PEOPLES R CHINA 4513 ENGLAND 4343 FRANCE 3724 SOUTH KOREA 3138 CANADA 3004

University of Tokyo-Participating Asean countries

Participating Asean country Number of publication

THAILAND 701

INDONESIA 345

SINGAPORE 293

MALAYSIA 227

PHILIPPINES 221

VIETNAM 185

CAMBODIA 39

LAOS 26

MYANMAR 19

Kyoto University-WOS categories (Top 10)

WOS category Number of publication

BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 13783

CHEMISTRY MULTIDISCIPLINARY 8962

PHYSICS MULTIDISCIPLINARY 6874

MATERIALS SCIENCE MULTIDISCIPLINARY 6755

CELL BIOLOGY 6294

PHYSICS APPLIED 6139

CHEMISTRY PHYSICAL 5931

PHYSICS CONDENSED MATTER 5398

CHEMISTRY ORGANIC 5048

ASTRONOMY ASTROPHYSICS 5047

Kyoto University- Authors of ISI publications (Top 10)

Author Number of publication

NAKAMURA T 2598

TANAKA K 2505

NAKAO K 1505

ITO Y 1364

TANAKA T 1319

YAMAMOTO K 1313

KOBAYASHI T 1262

HAYASHI T 1210

NAKAMURA K 1142

TANAKA M 1098

Kyoto University-Research Areas (Top 10)

Research Area Number of publicationPHYSICS 26630 CHEMISTRY 22383 BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 14297 MATERIALS SCIENCE 10558 ENGINEERING 9152 CELL BIOLOGY 6446 NEUROSCIENCES NEUROLOGY 6094 PHARMACOLOGY PHARMACY 5315 ASTRONOMY ASTROPHYSICS 5047 POLYMER SCIENCE 4972

Kyoto University –ISI Journals (Top 10)

ISI JournalNumber of publication

JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1671

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 1434

PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS 1358

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 1353

MACROMOLECULES 1314

PHYSICAL REVIEW B 1299 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1200

CHEMISTRY LETTERS 1123

BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1077

TETRAHEDRON LETTERS 1021

Kyoto University- Participating Organizations (Top 10)

Participating Organization Number of publicationUNIVERSITY OF TOKYO 7462 OSAKA UNIVERSITY 5546 JAPAN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AGENCY JST 4940 NAGOYA UNIVERSITY 3660 TOHOKU UNIVERSITY 3361 RIKEN 3033 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF NATURAL SCIENCES NINS JAPAN 2656 TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2250 KYUSHU UNIVERSITY 2241 HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY 2147

Kyoto University-Participating Country –Top 10

Participating country Number of publication

USA 12638

GERMANY 3279

PEOPLES R CHINA 2952

ENGLAND 2534

SOUTH KOREA 1934

Kyoto University-Participating Asean countries (Top 10)

Participating ASEAN country Number of publication

THAILAND 493

INDONESIA 370

MALAYSIA 341

SINGAPORE 256

PHILIPPINES 84

VIETNAM 80

MYANMAR 23

LAOS 21

CAMBODIA 12

BRUNEI 2