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7/30/2019 Present Continuous y Past Simple
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[ESCRIBA EL NOMBRE DE LA COMPAA]
Present Perfectv/s
Past Simple[Escriba el subttulo del documento]
7/30/2019 Present Continuous y Past Simple
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PAST SIMPLE
We use the past simple
*To express a finished action in the past:We met in 2000I went to Manchester last week
John left two minuts ago
*To express actions that follow each other in a story:Mary walked into the room and stopped. She listened carefully. SheHeard a noise coming from behind the curtain. She threw the curtain
open, and then she saw
*To express a past situation or habit:When I was a child, we lived in a small house by the sea. Every day Iwalked for miles on the beach with my dog
*To talk about actions or events that happened at a particular time in thepast:
I left work at 10:30. Jackson repliedI took a taxi home.
*To describe a series of actions or events in the past:Jackson put on his coat, switched off the light, opened the door andwalked out onto the Street
*The form of the Past Simple is the same for all persons:He left at three oclockThey arrived three weeks agoShe didnt finish one time yesterdayI didnt visit my parents llast weekend
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Spelling of verb + -ed*Most regular verbs added to the base form of the verb
worked wanted helped washed
*When the verb ends ine, add onlydliked used hated cared
*If the verb has only one syllable, with one vowel + one consonant doublthe consonant before addinged
stopped planned robbedBut we write cooked, seated and moaned because there are two vowels
*The consonat is not doubled if it isy orwplayed showed
*In most two syllable evrbs, the end consonant is doubled if the stress i sonthe second syllable
preferred admittedBut we write entered and visited because the stress i son the first syllable
*Verbs that ebd in a consonant + -y change the -y to thiedcarried hurried buried
But we write enojye, because it ends in a vowel + -y
PositiveSUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT
IHe/She/It
We
YouThey
moved
went
to London in 1985
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NegativeWe use didnt + infinitive (without to) in all persons
QuestionWe use did + infinitive (without to) in all persons
Yes/No Questions
*Short Answers:No, didnt . Yes, did.
Time Expressions
last
nighweek
saturdaymonthyear
SUBJECT DIDNT VERB COMPLEMENT
IHe/She/It
WeYouThey
didntgo
move to London
WH-QUESTION DID SUBJECT VERB + ?
WhenWhere did
IHe/She/It
WeYouThey
go?
DID SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT + ?
Did
IHe/She/It
WeYouThey
likeenjoy
the film?the party?
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PRESENT PERFECT
*The Present Perfect looks back from the presen tinto teh past, and
expresses was has happenned before now. The action happened at anindefinite time in the pastIve met a lotr of famous people (before now)She has won awards (in her life)Shes written twenty books (up to now)
The action can continue to the present, and probably into the futureShes ived here for twenty years (she stil lives here)
*The Present Perfect expresses an experience as part of someones lifeIve travelled a lot in AfricaTheyve lived all over rhe world
Ever and never are common with this useHave tou ever been in a car crash?
My mother has never flownin a plane
* The Present Perfect expresses an action state which began in the past and
continuous to the presentIve known Alice for six yearsHow long have you worked as a teacher?
*The time expressions for and since are common with this use. We use forwith a period of time, and since with a poin in time
Weve lived here for two years (a period of time)Ive hada tatto since I was a teenager (a point in time)
//The past participle of regular verbs ends ined. There are many commonirregular past participles
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Positive and Negative
SUBJECT POSITIVE NEGATIVE COMPLEMENT
IWeYouThey
ve(have)
ve not(havent)
lived abroad?HeShe
Its
(has)s not
(has not)
QuestionAUXILIAR SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
HaveI
WeYouThey been to the United States?
HasHeShe
It
Question Short AnswerHave you been to Egypt? Yes, have / No, havent
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PAST SIMPLE VS PRESENT PERFECT
PAST SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT
*The Past Simple refers to an action thathappenden at a definitive time in thepast:
He died in 1882She got married when she was 22
The action finished:
I lived in pars for a year(but not now)
*Time expressions
in 1999last week
I did it two months agoon March 22for two years
*The Present Perfect refers to an action thathappened at an indefinite time in the past:
She was written short storiesHes made five albums
Ive never been to America
The ation can continue to the present
She lived there for twenty years(and he still does)
*Time expressions
for twenty yearsIve worked here since 2002
since I left school
Weve never been to America
PRESENT PERFECT PAST SIMPLE
The Present Perfect can expressunfinished actions.
The Past Simple express completedactions
*Ive lived in Texas for six years.(I still live there)
*Ive written several books.(I can still write some more)
*I lived in Texas for six years.(Now I live somewhere else)
*Shakespeare wrote 30 plays.(He cant write any more)
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// Notice the Time Expressions used with the two tenses
PRESENT PERFECT (indefinite) PAST SIMPLE (definite)
Have you seen Amy this morning?(Its still morning)
Did you see Amy this morning?(Its the afternoon or evening)
for a long timesince July
Ive done it beforerecently
yesterdaylast weektwo years ago
I did it at eight oclockin 1987
when I was Youngfor a long time