Present Continuous Past Continuous

7/27/2019 Present Continuous Past Continuous

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Formar tempos verbais essencial para tudo o resto.

Josh/to eat/the cake.

Present Tense

Affirmative: Josh eatsthe cake. (josh come o bolo.)

Negative: Josh doesnt eatthe cake. (josh no come o bolo.)

Interrogative: DoesJosh eatthe cake? (josh come o bolo?)

Past Tense

Affirmative: Josh atethe cake. (josh comeu o bolo.)

Negative: Josh didnt eatthe cake. (josh no comeu o bolo.)

Interrogative: Did Josh eat the cake? (josh comeu o bolo?)

Nos modos Tense o verbo auxiliar usado o to do, na negativa e na

interrogativa. Na afirmativa no usado verbo auxiliar. Se o sujeito for a

3 pessoa do singular (he/she/it/nome de pessoa), no esquecer de

acrescentars no fim do verbo principal se este for regular ees se for

irregular.

Verbo to do no presente:

I do, you do, he/she/it does, we do, you do, they do.

Verbo to do no passado:

I did, you did, he/she/it did, we did, you did, they did.


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Present Continuous

Affirmative: Josh is eatingthe cake. (josh est a comer o bolo.)

Negative: Josh isnt eatingthe cake. (josh est a comer o bolo.)

Interrogative: IsJosh eatingthe cake? (josh est a comer o bolo?)

Past Continuous

Affirmative: Josh was eatingthe cake. (josh estava a comer o bolo.)

Negative: Josh wasnt eatingthe cake. (josh no estava a comer o bolo.)

Interrogative: WasJosh eatingthe cake? (josh estava a comer o bolo?)

Nos modos Continuouso verbo auxiliar usado o to be, em todos ostempos. Ao verbo principal acrescenta-se sempre a terminaoing.

Verbo to be no presente:

I am, you are, he/she/it is, we are, you are, they are.

Verbo to be no passado:

I was, you were, he/she/it was, we were, you were, they were.


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Present Perfect

Affirmative: Josh haseatenthe cake. (josh tem comido o bolo.)

Negative: Josh hasnt eatenthe cake. (josh no tem comido o bolo.)

Interrogative: HasJosh eatenthe cake? (josh tem comido o bolo?)

Past Perfect

Affirmative: Josh had eatenthe cake. (josh tinha comido o bolo.)

Negative: Josh hadnt eatenthe cake.(josh no tinha comido o bolo.)

Interrogative: HasJosh eatenthe cake? (josh tinha comido o bolo?)

Nos modos Perfect, usado o verbo auxiliar to have em todos ostempos. O verbo principal sempre transformado em particpio passado

(past participlePP).

Verbo to have no presente:

I have, you have, he/she/it has, we have, you have, they have.

Verbo to have no passado:

I had, you had, he/she/it had, we had, you had, they had.

Alguns PPs: seen (to see), done (to do), made (to make), ran (to run)

Ter em conta: nas frases interrogativas o verbo auxiliar vem sempre antes

do sujeito. Em caso de dvida de conjugao de verbo principal, ver tabela

de conjugao de verbos do livro!


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Future (esqueci-me de falar deste! importante para saberes as if-

clauses)

Affirmative: Josh will eat the cake. (Josh comer o bolo.)

Negative: Josh wonteat the cake. (Josh no comer o bolo.)

Interrogative: Will Josh eat the cake? (Josh comer o bolo?)

Neste modo apenas usado o verbo modal auxiliar will e o verbo

principal mantm-se no infinitivo SEM to.

Verbo will na afirmativa:

I will, you will, he/she/it will, we will, you will, they will.

Verbo will na negativa:

I wont, you wont, he/she/it wont, we wont, you wont, they wont.

Conditional (tmb importante para as if-clauses!)

Affirmative: Josh wouldeat the cake. (Josh comeria o bolo.)

Negative: Josh wouldnteat the cake. (Josh no comeria o bolo.)

Interrogative: WouldJosh eat the cake? (Josh comeria o bolo?)

apenas usado o verbo modal auxiliar would e o verbo principal tmb se

mantm no infinitivo sem to.

Verbo would na afirmativa:

I would, you would, he/she/it would, we would, you would, they would.

Na negativa:I wouldnt, you wouldnt, he/she/it wouldnt, we wouldnt,

you wouldnt, they wouldnt.


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Forma estas frases nas 6 formas (present tense, past tense, present

continuous, past continuous, present perfect, past perfect)

-Cassie/to make/the bed.

-You/to decide/to become a nun.

-Nick and Leen/to celebrate/the wedding.

-I/to scream/for help.

Voz ativa e voz passiva (active and passive voices)

Active voice (frase no passado past tense)

Igaveicecreamto the dog. (eu dei gelado ao co.)

Passive voice:

Icrecream was given to the dog by me. (foi dado gelado ao co por mim.)

Ou

The dog was given icecream by me. (este tipo de frase no faz sentido em

portugus, mas pode ser usado em frases que tm complemento direto e

indireto em ingls porque faz tanto sentido como a primeira utilizao.)

Outro exemplo (frase no presente present tense)

Ithrowthe ball. (eu atiro a bola)

I = subject (sujeito)

Throw = verb (verbo)

The ball = Object (complemento direto pois responde pergunta o

qu. O que que foi atirado? A bola.)


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Neste caso, a voz passiva fica: The ball is thrown (verbo auxiliar no

PRESENTE e verbo principal no PP) by me.

Agora juntamos um complemento indireto.

Ithrowthe ball to my sister. (atiro a bola minha irm.)

My sister = complemento indireto pois responde pergunta a quem. A

quem que a bola foi atirada? minha irm. Temos agora um sujeito (I),

um verbo (throw), um complemento direto (the ball) e um indireto (my

sister).

Neste caso possvel transformar a frase para a passiva de acordo com as

duas opes:

The ball is thrown to my sister by me.

Ou seja, complemento direto + verbo auxiliar no tempo correspondente

+ verbo principal no PP + complemento indireto + agente da passiva

OU

My sister is thrown the ball by me.

Ou seja, complemento indireto + verbo auxiliar no tempo

correspondente + verbo principal no PP + complemento direto + agente

da passiva.

Isto s uma troca do lugar dos complementos. Tudo o resto se mantm

igual!

NO ESQUEER QUE NA PASSIVA O VERBO PRINCIPAL FICA SEMPRE NO

PP!

Vamos tentar esta frase em todos os tempos.

Past Tense:


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Active: Ithrewthe ballto my sister.

Passive: The ball was thrown to my sister by me. OU My sister was

thrownthe ball by me.

Present Continuous:

Active: Iam throwingthe ballto my sister.

Passive: The ball is being thrown to my sister by me. OU My sister is

being thrownthe ballby me.

Past Continuous:

Active: Iwas throwingthe ballto my sister.

Passive: The ballwas being thrownto my sisterby me. OU My sisterwas

being thrown the ballby me.

Present Perfect:

Active: Ihave thrownthe ballto my sister.

Passive: The ballhas been thrownto my sisterby me OU My sisterhas

been thrownthe ballby me.

Past Perfect:

Active: Ihad thrownthe ballto my sister.

Passive: The ballhad been thrownto my sisterby me. OU My sisterhad

been thrownthe ballby me.

Future:

Active: Iwill throwthe ballto my sister.


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Passive: The ballwill be thrownto my sisterby me OU My sisterwill be

thrownthe ballby me.

Conditional:

Active: Iwould throwthe ballto my sister.

Passive: The ball would be thrown to my sister by me. OU My sister

would be thrownthe ballby me.

Agora vamos tentar uma frase interrogativa.

Active: DoIthrowthe ballto my sister?

Passive: Isthe ballthrown to my sisterby me?

Agora com sujeito indefinido:

Active: Someonethrowsthe ballto my sister.

Passive: The ballis thrownto my sister.

Neste caso no necessrio acrescentar um agente da passiva pois o

sujeito no est explcito.

Outros sujeitos indefinidos: One, Anyone, No One, People, Somebody,

Anybody.

Agora com um verbo modal (isto s resulta mesmo na interrogativa):

Active: WhydoIthrowthe ballto my sister?


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Passive: Whyis the ballthrownto my sisterby me?

Outros verbos modais: How, Do, Must, May, Can.

Como vs, basta saberes conjugar os verbos para saberes formar a voz

passiva de uma frase ativa ou vice-versa!

Mete estas frases na passiva: (se quiseres n xD)

-I bought new shoes yesterday. (comprei sapatos novos ontem.)

-She walked the dog. (ela passeou o co.)

-They are getting a haircut. (eles esto a cortar o cabelo.)

-We can sell some tickets. (podemos vender alguns bilhetes.)

- He doesnt appreciate snails. (ele no aprecia caracis.)

Para a matria das conjunes e dos adjetivos + preposio, ver pginas

65 e 71 do manual! Mais tarde mando algo sobre as If-clauses ;)

Beijinhos,

Carolina

Documents

Present Continuous Past Continuous