Prentice Hall Literature: The Penguin Edition, The British ... · PDF file... interactions with others, knowledge of word meaning and knowledge of ... Assessment Practice: Writer’s

Prentice Hall Literature: The Penguin Edition, The British Tradition © 2007Correlated to:

Maine Learning Results for English Language Arts(Secondary Grades)

MAINE LEARNING RESULTS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS

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1. Demonstrate an understanding that reading is a gradual process of constructing meaning and revising initial understandings.

SE/TE: Reading Strategy (Build Skills), 17, 39, 77, 97, 122, 136, 161, 189, 239, 249, 257, 271, 281, 305, 326, 342, 360, 380, 435, 449, 459, 473, 491, 503, 521, 537, 555, 573, 593, 613, 665, 679, 691, 707, 729, 761, 775, 789, 811, 823, 865, 883, 903, 929, 949, 967, 979, 1023, 1039, 1055, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1117, 1131, 1143, 1159, 1183, 1021, 1231, 1251, 1263, 1275, 1285, 1297, 1313; Reading Strategy (Apply the Skills), 30, 63, 87, 120, 134, 156, 185, 201, 245, 253, 263, 277, 288, 324, 358, 378, 395, 445, 455, 466, 487, 498, 517, 533, 551, 569, 583, 601, 623, 675, 685, 697, 719, 757, 771, 785, 801, 819, 831, 879, 894, 919, 937, 957, 975, 985, 1033, 1051, 1067, 1085, 1098, 1113, 1127, 1139, 1152, 1179, 1197, 1221, 1247, 1259, 1271, 1281, 1291, 1309, 1321; Critical Reading (Comprehension Questions): 22, 26, 29, 62, 82, 86, 119, 133, 155, 175, 184, 193, 195, 197, 200, 242, 244, 252, 260, 262, 273, 276, 283, 284, 287, 323, 339, 357, 377, 394, 437, 439, 441, 444, 451, 453, 454, 462, 463, 465, 475, 477, 486, 493, 497, 510, 516, 532, 539, 550, 561, 568, 579, 582, 597, 600, 611, 622,

A. PROCESS OF READING

Students will use the skills and strategies of the reading process to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate what they have read. Readers apply a wide range of strategies to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate texts. They draw on priorexperience, interactions with others, knowledge of word meaning and knowledge of other texts, word identification strategies, and understanding of textual features (e.g., sound-letter correspondence, sentence structure, context, graphics).

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SE = Student Edition - TE = Teacher Edition - TR = Teaching Resources - TECH = Technology






(Continued)SE/TE: 668, 671, 674, 682, 684, 696, 713, 716, 718, 753, 756, 763, 767, 770, 777, 780, 784, 792, 797, 800, 814, 818, 827, 830, 868, 874, 878, 887, 891, 893, 910, 918, 931, 934, 936, 947, 953, 956, 970, 972, 974, 982, 984, 1025, 1026, 1028, 1030, 1032, 1041, 1043, 1050, 1059, 1061, 1064, 1066, 1084, 1097, 1105, 1107, 1112, 1121, 1126, 1134, 1136, 1138, 1151, 1172, 1178, 1189, 1196, 1215, 1220, 1233, 1235, 1238, 1246, 1255, 1257, 1258, 1270, 1280, 1287, 1290, 1308, 1320; Assessment Workshops: Critical Reading: Sequential Order, 219, Critical Reading: Forms of Propaganda, 415, 645, Critical Reading: Critical Reasoning, 845, Critical Reading: Paired Passages, 1003, Critical Reading: Strategy, Organization, and Style, 1339

TE: Assessment Practice: 31, 64, 88, 120, 135, 186, 202, 246, 264, 278, 289, 322, 338, 356, 376, 396, 446, 456, 467, 488, 499, 518, 534, 552, 570, 584, 602, 676, 686, 698, 720, 758, 772, 786, 802, 820, 832, 880, 895, 920, 938, 958, 976, 986, 1034, 1052, 1068, 1086, 1099, 1114, 1128, 1140, 1153, 1180, 1198, 1222, 1248, 1260, 1272, 1282, 1292, 1310, 1322

TR: Reading Kit; Reader’s Notebook; Unit Resources Binder, Diagnostic and Benchmark Tests; Skills Development Workbook; Skills Development Transparencies

TECH: Reader’s Notebook Adapt/English Learner’s Version Audio CD; Listening to Literature Audio CD; Spanish/English Summaries Audio CD; Student & Teacher Express CD-ROMs

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2. Demonstrate an understanding that a single text will elicit a wide variety of responses, each of which may be the point of view of the individual reader or listener.

SE/TE: Writing About Literature: Analyzing Literary Periods, 208–209, 990–991, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Trends, 404–405, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Themes, 634–635, Evaluating Literary Trends, 834–835, 1328–1329; Writing Applications : Criticism, 121, R23, R31; Timed Writing Applications : Literary theme, 32, 489, sonnet imagery, 265, Response, critical, 457, 1115, to criticism, 65, 397, 519, 721, 803, 939, 1035, 1053; Connecting literature with experience, 500, Comparison, of characters, 677, literary works, 687, symbol, 759, storytelling technique, 1283, Literary theme, 1181, 1199; also see: Debate, 279, 341, 457, 921, 1053, 1115, 1154, 1283, R40; Discussion, 835, 1129, 1199, 1323, R20, R40

TR: Skills Development Workbook; Skills Development Transparencies

TECH: Student Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; From the Author’s Desk DVD

3. Identify the author’s purpose and analyze the effects of that purpose on the text.

SE/TE: Recognizing : speaker's situation and motivation, 435, 438, 445; author's purpose, 537, 543, 546, 551, 590–591, 613, 623; writer's purpose, 903, 908, 915, 919; Inferring : meaning, 281, 288, beliefs of the period, 380, 384, 386, 393, 395, speaker's attitude, 459, 464, 465, 466, 883, 886, 890, 892, 893, 894; Assessing propaganda, 415, 645; Determining writer's purpose, 823, 825, 831; Interpreting, author's point of view, 898–899; Distinguishing emotive and informative language, 949, 953, 955, 957; Recognizing writer's attitudes, 1075, 1077, 1081, 1083, 1085; Challenging text, 1313, 1315, 1316, 1321; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340

TE: Assessment Practice: Writer’s Purpose, 456, 488, 499, 534, 602

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4. Identify the author’s point of view and analyze the effects of that point of view on the text.

SE/TE: Interpreting author's point of view, 898–899; Recognizing : speaker's situation and motivation, 435, 438, 445; author's purpose, 537, 543, 546, 551, 590–591, 613, 623; writer's purpose, 903, 908, 915, 919; writer's attitudes, 1075, 1077, 1081, 1083, 1085; Inferring, speaker's attitude, 459, 464, 465, 466, 883, 886, 890, 892, 893, 894; also see: Persuasive devices, 271, 277, 408, 646, 811, 813, 819, 823, 831, 1004; Rhetoric and rhetorical devices, 537, 551, 646, 846, 1117, 1127; Rhetorical question, 811, 819; Rhetorical devices, identifying, 846; Debate, 279, 341, 457, 921, 1053, 1115, 1154, 1283, R40; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340;

TE: Assessment Practice: Writer’s Point of View, 446, 467, 518, 552, 570, 58



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5. Identify the devices an author uses to persuade readers and critique the effectiveness of the use of those devices.

SE/TE: Persuasive devices, 271, 277, 408, 646, 811, 813, 819, 823, 831, 1004; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340; also see: Recognizing : speaker's situation and motivation, 435, 438, 445; author's purpose, 537, 543, 546, 551, 590–591, 613, 623; writer's purpose, 903, 908, 915, 919; writer's attitudes, 1075, 1077, 1081, 1083, 1085; Inferring, speaker's attitude, 459, 464, 465, 466, 883, 886, 890, 892, 893, 894; Interpreting author's point of view, 898–899

TE: Assessment Practice: Forms of Propaganda, 278, 338, 356; Writer’s Purpose, 456, 488, 499, 534, 602



6. Use the context of a work to determine the figurative, idiomatic, and technical meanings of terms.

SE/TE: Context, 88, 379, 396, 518, 802, 1099, 1128, 1140, 1198, 1248, 1310; Technical directions, 398; Reading technical directions, 960; also see: Context clues, 141, 143, 147, 150, 153, 156; Connecting to historical context, 17, 19, 25, 30; Context clues, 141, 143, 147, 150, 153, 156; Figurative language, 220, 704–705, 761, 763, 766, 770, 771

TR: Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Diagnostic and Benchmark Tests; Standardized Test Preparation Workbook; Skills Development Workbook; Skills Development Transparencies

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7. Use the context of a work to determine the meanings of abbreviations and acronyms.

Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: SE/TE: Capitalization, 246, 986, R46; also see: Context clues, 141, 143, 147, 150, 153, 156



8. Find the meaning of relatively uncommon technical terms used in informational texts.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials : Maps, 90–93, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Guidebooks, 722–725, Web Sites, 960–964



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9. Identify the philosophical assumptions and basic beliefs underlying a particular text.

SE/TE: Recognizing : speaker's situation and motivation, 435, 438, 445; author's purpose, 537, 543, 546, 551, 590–591, 613, 623; writer's purpose, 903, 908, 915, 919; writer's attitudes, 1075, 1077, 1081, 1083, 1085; Inferring, speaker's attitude, 459, 464, 465, 466, 883, 886, 890, 892, 893, 894; Interpreting author's point of view, 898–899; also see: Persuasive devices, 271, 277, 408, 646, 811, 813, 819, 823, 831, 1004; Rhetoric and rhetorical devices, 537, 551, 646, 846, 1117, 1127; Rhetorical question, 811, 819; Rhetorical devices, identifying, 846; Debate, 279, 341, 457, 921, 1053, 1115, 1154, 1283, R40; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340;

TE: Assessment Practice: Writer’s Point of View, 446, 467, 518, 552, 570, 58



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10. Analyze how the cultural context of a literary work is evident in the text.

SE/TE: From the Scholar’s Desk : Frank Kermode Talks About the Time Period, 224-225, Richard Rodriguez Talks About the Time Period, 420-421, Elizabeth McCracken Talks About the Time Period, 650-651; Unit Introductions : Historical background of Old English and Medieval Periods, 6-13, Historical background ofEnglish Renaissance, 228-235, Historical background of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, 424-431, Historical background of Romantic Period, 654-661, Historical background of Victorian Period, 854-861, Historical background of Modern and Postmodern Periods, 1012-1019; Literature In Context (culture, economics, history, science, vocabulary, world events): 55, 84, 154, 192, 334, 351, 388, 548, 599, 618, 817, 952, 1079, 1150, 1278; Writing About Literature: Analyzing Literary Periods, 208–209, 990–991; Using historical and cultural context, 590–591; Background, 19, 41, 41, 162, 190, 194, 240, 251, 272, 275, 272, 275, 283, 306, 441, 451, 461, 474, 479, 492, 494, 504, 522, 540, 556, 575, 594, 614, 709, 714, 730, 754, 762, 768, 777, 791, 794, 812, 816, 828, 876, 885, 904,933, 951, 969, 981, 1029, 1042, 1057, 1065, 1077, 1090, 1105, 1118, 1135, 1144, 1236, 1252, 1264, 1276, 1286, 1298, 1314; Unit Introductions, 6, 10, 228, 232, 424, 427, 654, 657, 854, 857, 1012, 1015

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TE: Enrichment: 6, 8, 10, 14, 20, 23, 24, 34, 42, 46, 48, 50, 52, 58, 60, 72, 73, 74, 80, 84, 93, 94, 100, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 124, 126, 130, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 152, 164, 166, 168, 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 179, 180, 182, 192, 194, 198, 207, 228, 230, 236, 242, 260, 274, 284, 294, 296, 298, 302, 308, 310, 312, 316, 318, 328, 330, 332, 334, 344, 350, 354, 362, 364, 366, 368, 372, 374, 382, 384, 388, 390, 392, 401, 424, 426, 427, 428, 432, 438, 440, 442, 451, 462, 470, 478, 480, 482, 484, 494, 506, 510, 514, 524, 526, 528, 530, 540, 542, 544, 546, 558, 560, 562, 566, 576, 578, 586, 596, 608, 616, 618, 620, 654, 656, 660, 662, 668, 672, 682, 694, 701, 710, 712, 714, 716, 726, 734, 736, 738, 742, 744, 746, 754, 764, 768, 778, 794, 804, 806, 814, 816, 826, 854, 856, 858, 859, 862, 872, 876, 870, 886, 888, 890, 898, 900, 906, 908, 910, 912, 914, 916, 922, 924, 932, 934, 944, 952, 972, 1012, 1014, 1016, 1020, 1028, 1030, 1036, 1042, 1044, 1048, 1058, 1060, 1062, 1078, 1082, 1092, 1094, 1106, 1108, 1120, 1122, 1124, 1134, 1138, 1146, 1148,1162, 1164, 1166, 1168, 1174, 1176, 1186, 1190, 1192, 1194, 1204, 1206, 1208, 1210, 1212, 1214, 1216, 1224, 1234, 1236, 1238, 1240, 1244, 1256, 1266, 1268, 278, 1288, 1290, 1300, 1302, 1304, 1316, 1318, 1326



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11. Represent key ideas and supporting details in various written forms (e.g., outline, paraphrase, concise summary).

SE/TE: Paraphrasing, 39, 42, 44, 47, 50, 53, 54, 60, 63, 239, 245, 292–293, 573, 576, 578, 583, 789, 791, 794, 796, 801, 1055, 1058, 1067; Summarizing, 161, 163, 167, 168, 170, 174, 180, 185, 271, 277, 1131, 1135, 1139



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1. Distinguish between the purpose of a literary work and the personal response of an individual reader.

SE/TE: PURPOSE: Recognizing : speaker's situation and motivation, 435, 438, 445; author's purpose, 537, 543, 546, 551, 590–591, 613, 623; writer's purpose, 903, 908, 915, 919; writer's attitudes, 1075, 1077, 1081, 1083, 1085; Inferring, speaker's attitude, 459, 464, 465, 466, 883, 886, 890, 892, 893, 894; Interpreting author's point of view, 898–899; also see: Persuasive devices, 271, 277, 408, 646, 811, 813, 819, 823, 831, 1004; Rhetoric and rhetorical devices, 537, 551, 646, 846, 1117, 1127; Rhetorical question, 811, 819; Rhetorical devices, identifying, 846; Debate, 279, 341, 457, 921, 1053, 1115, 1154, 1283, R40; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340; RESPONSE: Writing About Literature: Analyzing Literary Periods, 208–209, 990–991, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Trends, 404–405, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Themes, 634–635, Evaluating Literary Trends, 834–835, 1328–1329; Writing Applications : Criticism,

121, R23, R31; Timed Writing Applications: Literary theme, 32, 489, sonnet imagery, 265, Response, critical, 457, 1115, to criticism, 65, 397, 519, 721, 803, 939, 1035, 1053; Connecting literature with experience, 500, Comparison, of characters, 677, literary works, 687, symbol, 759, storytelling technique, 1283, Literary theme, 1181, 1199; also see: Debate, 279, 341, 457, 921, 1053, 1115, 1154, 1283, R40; Discussion, 835, 1129, 1199, 1323, R20, R40

B. LITERATURE AND CULTURE

Students will use reading, listening, and viewing strategies to experience, understand, and appreciate literature and culture. Literary texts that are rich in quality add to the understanding of history and various cultures and build an appreciation of the many dimensions (e.g., philosophical, ethical, aesthetic) of human experience.

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TE: Assessment Practice: Writer’s Purpose, 456, 488, 499, 534, 602



2. Identify the simple and complex actions and interactions involving main and subordinate characters in a work.

SE/TE: Comparison, of characters, 677; Character, Elizabethan drama, 296; Character/ Characterization, 97, 99, 100, 102, 104, 107, 108, 111, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 208, 212, 220, 296, 416, 898–899, 1156–1157, 1263, 1269, 1271, 1297, 1302, 1303, 1306, 1307, 1309, R11

TR: Skills Development Workbook; Skills Development Transparencies; Unit Resources Binder, General Resources

TECH: Listening to Literature Audio CD; Spanish/English Summaries Audio CD; Reader’s Notebook Adapt/English Learner’s Version Audio CD; Student Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; From the Author’s Desk DVD

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3. Make abstract connections (e.g., connections about thoughts, ideas, values) between their own lives and the characters, events, and circumstances represented in various works.

SE/TE: Relating broad themes to personal experience, 500; also see : Connecting to historical context, 17, 19, 25, 30; Connecting to the Literature (Preview), 17, 39, 77, 97, 122, 136, 161, 189, 239, 249, 257, 271, 281, 305, 326, 342, 360, 380, 435, 449, 459, 473, 491, 503, 521, 537, 555, 573, 593, 613, 665, 679, 691, 707, 729, 761, 775, 789, 811, 823, 865, 883, 903, 929, 949, 967, 979, 1023, 1039, 1055, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1117, 1131, 1143, 1159, 1183, 1021, 1231, 1251, 1263, 1275, 1285, 1297, 1313; Connections: Literature Around the World, 68-70, 71-74, 266, 267, 268, 587, 588, 805, 806, 807, 808, 922-926, 1224-1228; Assessment Workshops: Critical Reading: Sequential Order, 219, Critical Reading: Forms of Propaganda, 415, 645, Critical Reading: Critical Reasoning, 845, Critical Reading: Paired Passages, 1003, Critical Reading: Strategy, Organization, and Style, 1339



4. Demonstrate an understanding of the stylistic effect of dialogues on the style of a work.

SE/TE: Dialogue, 212, 292–293, R12; Style, 613, 1131, 1139, R19



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5. Identify and analyze the details and effects of complex literary devices on the overall quality of a work (e.g., foreshadowing, flashbacks, time frames in the future or past).

SE/TE: Plot devices, 1159, 1164, 1165, 1168, 1169, 1174, 1175, 179; also see: Literary Analysis (Build Skills): 17, 39, 77, 97, 122, 136, 161, 189, 239, 249, 257, 271, 281, 305, 326, 342, 360, 380, 435, 449, 459, 473, 491, 503, 521, 537, 555, 573, 593, 613, 665, 679, 691, 707, 729, 761, 775, 789, 811, 823, 865, 883, 903, 929, 949, 967, 979, 1023, 1039, 1055, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1117, 1131, 1143, 1159, 1183, 1021, 1231, 1251, 1263, 1275, 1285, 1297, 1313; Literary Analysis (Apply the Skills): 30, 63, 87, 120, 134, 156, 185, 201, 245, 253, 263, 277, 288, 324, 358, 378, 395, 445, 455, 466, 487, 498, 517, 533, 551, 569, 583, 601, 623, 675, 685, 697, 719, 757, 771, 785, 801, 819, 831, 879, 894, 919, 937, 957, 975, 985, 1033, 1051, 1067, 1085, 1098, 1113, 1127, 1139, 1152, 1179, 1197, 1221, 1247, 1259, 1271, 1281, 1291, 1309, 1321



6. Identify and analyze how complex elements of plot (e.g., setting, major events, problems, conflicts, resolutions) affect the overall quality of a work.

SE/TE: Setting, 138, 145, 156, 297, 898–899, 1156–1157, R18; Plot, 898–899, 1156–1157, 1159, 1164, 1165, 1168, 1169, 1174, 1175, 1179; Conflict (internal/external), 342, 346, 348, 352, 355, 358, 1143, 1147, 1149, 1152, 1156–1157, 1275, 1279, 1281, R11

TE: Assessment Practice: Identifying Events, 135


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7. Apply mature strategies to the reading and interpretation of lengthy adult level fiction, (e.g., satires, parodies, plays, poems, novels) using texts that are complex in terms of character, plot, theme, structure, and dialogue and sophisticated in style, point of view, and use of literary devices.

SE/TE: Selections (Poetry): 18-22, 23-26, 27-29, 98-119, 123-133, 137-155, 162-175, 194, 195, 196-197, 198-200, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 250, 251, 259, 260, 261, 262, 266, 267, 268, 436-437, 438-439, 440-441, 442-444, 450-451, 452-453, 454, 460-462, 463, 465, 475, 477, 492-493, 494, 496-497, 539, 540-550, 574-579, 580-582, 666-668, 669-671, 672-674, 680, 681-682, 683, 684, 692-696, 708-713, 714-716, 717, 718, 730-753, 754-756, 762-763, 764-767, 768-770, 777, 778-780, 781-784, 791, 792, 794-797, 798-800, 805, 806, 807, 808, 815, 866-868, 869-874, 875, 876-878, 884-886, 887, 888-891, 893, 930-931, 932-934, 935-936, 943-944, 945, 947, 969-970, 971-972, 973-974, 981, 982, 983, 984, 988-989, 1025, 1026, 1027-1028, 1029-1030, 1031-1032, 1040-1041, 1042-1043, 1047-1050, 1056-1059, 1060-1061, 1062-1064, 1065-1066, 1105, 1106, 1107, 1132-1134, 1135-1136, 1137-1138, 1232-1233, 1234-1235, 1236-1238, 1252-1253, 1254-1255, 1257, 1258, 1286-1287, 1289-1290; Selections (Epic): 40-43, 44-447, 48-50, 51, 52-55, 56-59, 60-61, 62, 68-70, 71-74; Selections (Fiction/Short Story): 176-184,272-273, 511-516, 522-528, 529-532, 700-702, 904-910, 911-918, 922-926, 1090-1097, 1144-1151, 1160-1172, 1173-1178, 1184-1189, 1190-1196, 1202-1215, 1216-1220, 1224-1228, 1239-1246, 1264-1270, 1276-1280, 1298-1308; Selections (Scripture): 283, 284, 285-287; Selections (Drama): 306-323, 327-339, 343-357, 361-377, 381-394

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8. Apply mature strategies to the reading and interpretation of lengthy adult level nonfiction texts with appropriate complexity of content and sophistication of style.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials : Maps, 90–93, Newspaper Articles, 398–401, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Guidebooks, 722–725, Web Sites, 960–964, Mission Statements, 1070–1073; Selections (Primary Sources: History, Political Texts and Speeches): 78-82, 83-86, 275-276, 556-558, 559-561, 588, 812-814, 816-818, 1118-1121, 1122-1126; Selections (Primary Sources: Diaries, Journals and Letters): 190-193, 402-403, 504-510, 828-830; Selections (Autobiography/Biography): 204-207, 562-568, 10761084-, 1324-1327; Selections (Non-Fiction/Essays and Articles), 587, 594-597, 598-600, 607-611, 614-622, 626-629, 692-696, 824-827, 950-953, 954-956, 1108-1112, 1314-1320



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9. Demonstrate an understanding of the defining features and structure of literary texts encountered at this level.

SE/TE: Relating structure to theme, 257, 263; Dramatic structure, 1251, 1255, 1259; Using : text aids, 305, 307, 310, 313, 315, 317, 322, 324, visuals as key to meaning, 679, 685; Assessment Workshops : Paired Passages, 1003, Sequential Order, 219, Strategy, Organization, and Style, 1339; Reading stanzas as units of meaning, 967, 970, 975; Interpreting, organization of mission statement, 1070

TE: Assessment Practice: Paired Passages, 880, 895, 920, 938, 958, 976, 986, Sequential Order, 31, 64, 88, 202; Organization, 1128, 1282



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10. Draw from a broad base of knowledge about literature of the United States and the world to examine and critique how print and visual texts explore the human experience and condition.

SE/TE: Unit Introductions : Historical background of Old English and Medieval Periods, 6-13, Historical background of English Renaissance, 228-235, Historical background of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, 424-431, Historical background of Romantic Period, 654-661, Historical background of Victorian Period, 854-861, Historical background of Modern and Postmodern Periods, 1012-1019; The Changing English Language , 14, 236, 432, 862, 1020; From the Scholar’s Desk : Frank Kermode Talks About the Time Period, 224-225, Richard Rodriguez Talks About the Time Period, 420-421, Elizabeth McCracken Talks About the Time Period, 650-651; A Closer Look : Chaucer’s Guided Tour of Medieval Life and Literature, 94-95, Elizabethan Theater, 294-295, Shakespeare on Stage, 296-297, Shakespeare on Film, 298-299, Making “Darkness Visible”: Milton’s Epic Ambition, 470-471, Poetry and Friendship in the Romantic Age, 726-727, Curious Workshop of Charles Dickens: Making Myths, 900-901, Critical Commentary on The Hollow Men , 1044-1046; Connections: Literature Around the World ,68-70, 71-74, 266, 267, 268, 587, 588, 805, 806, 807, 808, 922-926, 1224-1228; Connections: American Literature, 204-207, 402-403, 626-629, 700-702, 988-989, 1325-1327; Writing About Literature: Analyzing Literary Periods, 208–209, 990–991, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Trends, 404–405, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Themes, 634–635, Evaluating Literary Trends, 834–835, 1328–1329

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TE: Enrichment: 6, 8, 10, 14, 20, 23, 24, 34, 42, 46, 48, 50, 52, 58, 60, 72, 73, 74, 80, 84, 93, 94, 100, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 124, 126, 130, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 152, 164, 166, 168, 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 179, 180, 182, 192, 194, 198, 207, 228, 230, 236, 242, 260, 274, 284, 294, 296, 298, 302, 308, 310, 312, 316, 318, 328, 330, 332, 334, 344, 350, 354, 362, 364, 366, 368, 372, 374, 382, 384, 388, 390, 392, 401, 424, 426, 427, 428, 432, 438, 440, 442, 451, 462, 470, 478, 480, 482, 484, 494, 506, 510, 514, 524, 526, 528, 530, 540, 542, 544, 546, 558, 560, 562, 566, 576, 578, 586, 596, 608, 616, 618, 620, 654, 656, 660, 662, 668, 672, 682, 694, 701, 710, 712, 714, 716, 726, 734, 736, 738, 742, 744, 746, 754, 764, 768, 778, 794, 804, 806, 814, 816, 826, 854, 856, 858, 859, 862, 872, 876, 870, 886, 888, 890, 898, 900, 906, 908, 910, 912, 914, 916, 922, 924, 932, 934, 944, 952, 972, 1012, 1014, 1016, 1020, 1028, 1030, 1036, 1042, 1044, 1048, 1058, 1060, 1062, 1078, 1082, 1092, 1094, 1106, 1108, 1120, 1122, 1124, 1134, 1138, 1146, 1148,1162, 1164, 1166, 1168, 1174, 1176, 1186, 1190, 1192, 1194, 1204, 1206, 1208, 1210, 1212, 1214, 1216, 1224, 1234, 1236, 1238, 1240, 1244, 1256, 1266, 1268, 278, 1288, 1290, 1300, 1302, 1304, 1316, 1318, 1326



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11. Examine, evaluate, and elaborate on universal themes in literature, using reading and viewing to explain how themes are developed and achieved.

SE/TE: Theme, 249, 252, 253, 271, 277, 459, 462, 463, 466, 898–899, 929, 931, 936, 937, 1055, 1156–1157, 1058, 1159, 1179, 1201, 1202, 1204, 1206, 1207, 1211, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1215, 1217, 1220, 1221, 1067, 1275, 1279, 1281, 1285, 1289, 1291, R11, R19; Writing About Literature: Comparing and Contrasting Literary Trends, 404–405, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Themes, 634–635; also see: Comparing Literary Works & Connecting Literary Elements, 30, 63, 87, 120, 134, 156, 185, 201, 245, 253, 263, 277, 288, 324, 358, 378, 395, 445, 455, 466, 487, 498, 517, 533, 551, 569, 583, 601, 623, 675, 685, 697, 719, 757, 771, 785, 801, 819, 831, 879, 894, 919, 937, 957, 975, 985, 1033, 1051, 1067, 1085, 1098, 1113, 1127, 1139, 1152, 1179, 1197, 1221, 1247, 1259, 1271, 1281, 1291, 1309, 1321



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1. Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship among perception, thought, and language.

SE/TE: Imagery, 360, 364, 365, 367, 370, 371, 373, 375, 376, 378, 704–705, 775, 778, 780, 781, 785, 1004; Appeal, 408, 410, 823; Charged language, 271, 277, 416; Dramatic irony, 342, 348, 358; Emotional appeal, 408, 646, 823; Emotive language, 949, 953, 955, 957; Fantasy, language of, 729, 732, 740, 742, 747, 749, 750, 757; Narrative style, 281, 288, 1324, R21; Poetic sound devices, 220, 704–705, 729, 731, 732, 734, 737, 738, 740, 742, 744, 747, 750, 755, 757; Reasoned argument, 271, 277; Verbal irony, 1075, 1085; Voice, 1231, 1233, 1234, 1236, 1241, 1243, 1247, R19; also see : From the Translator's Desk : Seamus Heaney on Giving Shape to Poetry, 66; Burton Raffel on Shaping a Narrative, 213; From the Author's Desk : Anita Desai on Writing Vivid Descriptions, 1333; Revising word choice, 214, 408, 640, 840; The Life of the English Language, R8–R9

TE: Assessment Practice: Style, 1034, 1052, 1068, 1114, 1140, 1198, 1248, 1260, 1292; Signal Words, 120, 186



C. LANGUAGE AND IMAGES

Students will demonstrate an understanding of how words and images communicate. Language and images enable people to get things done, to take charge of their lives, to express opinions and feelings, to experience emotions, and to function as productive citizens. Students will consider such things as the relationship between thought and language, the ways people use language and other symbol systems to communicate, the history and structure of English, and the similarities and differences in the ways various social, occupational, and cultural groups use language.

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2. Demonstrate an understanding of how language considerations and representations involving gender affect communication.

Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: SE/TE: The Changing English Language : The Victorian Age, 862; Conflict, cultural, 1143, 1147, 1149, 1152



3. Compare the ways various social, occupational, and cultural groups use language, and comment on the impact of language use on the way people are viewed and treated.

SE/TE: The Changing English Language, 14, 236, 432, 862, 1020; Understanding dialect, 189, 195, 197, 201; Translating dialect, 665, 667, 675; Analyzing cultural differences, 1143, 1145, 1146, 1147, 1152; Charged language, 271, 277, 416; Conflict, cultural, 1143, 1147, 1149, 1152; The Life of the English Language, R8–R9; also see: Reading Informational Materials : Maps, 90–93, Newspaper Articles, 398–401, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Guidebooks, 722–725, Web Sites, 960–964, Mission Statements, 1070–1073; Literature in Context (culture, economics, history, science, vocabulary, world events): 55, 84, 154, 192, 334, 351, 388, 548, 599, 618, 817, 952, 1079, 1150, 1278; A Closer Look : Chaucer’s Guided Tour of Medieval Life and Literature, 94-95, Elizabethan Theater, 294-295, Shakespeare on Stage, 296-297, Shakespeare on Film, 298-299, Making “Darkness Visible”: Milton’s Epic Ambition, 470-471, Poetry and Friendship in the Romantic Age, 726-727, Curious Workshop of Charles Dickens: Making Myths, 900-901, Critical Commentary on The Hollow Men ,1044-1046

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4. Compare form, meaning, and value of different kinds of symbol systems (e.g., religious symbols, holiday symbols, the symbolism of particular types of architecture).

SE/TE: Symbol, 679, 683, 685, 1023, 1033, 1201, 1202, 1204, 1206, 1207, 1211, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1215, 1217, 1220, R19; Comparison, symbol, 759



5. Demonstrate understanding of the history of and changes in the English language by explaining examples.

SE/TE: The Changing English Language, 14, 236, 432, 862, 1020; Understanding dialect, 189, 195, 197, 201; Translating dialect, 665, 667, 675; Conflict, cultural, 1143, 1147, 1149, 1152; The Life of the English Language, R8–R9; also see: Unit Introductions : Historical background of Old English and Medieval Periods, 6-13, Historical background of English Renaissance, 228-235, Historical background of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, 424-431, Historical background of Romantic Period, 654-661, Historical background of Victorian Period, 854-861, Historical background of Modern and Postmodern Periods, 1012-1019

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6. Use dictionaries, handbooks, and other language-related resources to evaluate the accuracy of their use of English.

SE/TE: Dictionary, 555, 558, 560, 569, R8; Thesaurus, R8



7. Demonstrate an understanding of the political implications of different forms of language.

SE/TE: Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340; The Life of the English Language, R8–R9; also see: The Changing English Language, 14, 236, 432, 862, 1020; Conflict, cultural, 1143, 1147, 1149, 1152; Understanding dialect, 189, 195, 197, 201; Translating dialect, 665, 667, 675; Conflict, cultural, 1143, 1147, 1149, 1152; Unit Introductions : Historical background of Old English and Medieval Periods, 6-13, Historical background of English Renaissance, 228-235, Historical background of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, 424-431, Historical background of Romantic Period, 654-661, Historical background of Victorian Period, 854-861, Historical background of Modern and Postmodern Periods, 1012-1019

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8. Identify propaganda techniques used by writers and speakers.

SE/TE: Assessment Workshops : Forms of Propaganda, 415, 645, Critical Reasoning, 845; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340, Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846; also see: Recognizing : speaker's situation and motivation, 435, 438, 445; author's purpose, 537, 543, 546, 551, 590–591, 613, 623; writer's purpose, 903, 908, 915, 919; writer's attitudes, 1075, 1077, 1081, 1083, 1085; Persuasive devices, 271, 277, 408, 646, 811, 813, 819, 823, 831, 1004; Inferring, speaker's attitude, 459, 464, 465, 466, 883, 886, 890, 892, 893, 894; Interpreting author's point of view, 898–899

TE: Assessment Practice: Forms of Propaganda, 278, 338, 356; Writer’s Point of View, 446, 467, 518, 552, 570, 584



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1. Scan a passage to determine whether a text contains relevant information.

SE/TE: News scan, 407; also see: Reading Informational Materials : Maps, 90–93, Newspaper Articles, 398–401, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Guidebooks, 722–725, Web Sites, 960–964, Mission Statements, 1070–1073



2. Distinguish between apparent fact and opinion in nonfiction texts.

SE/TE: Fact vs. opinion, 411, Distinguish, 1308: also see: Assessment Workshops : Forms of Propaganda, 415, 645, Critical Reasoning, 845; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340, Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846

TE: Assessment Practice: Fact and Opinion, 246, 264, 289, 322, 376, 396


D. INFORMATIONAL TEXTS

Students will apply reading, listening, and viewing strategies to informational texts across all areas of curriculum. When reading, listening, and viewing critically, students will ask pertinent questions, recognize assumptions and implications, and evaluate information and ideas. In a world that surrounds them with information, they have to be able to connect with this information and make sense of it.

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3. Use discussions with peers as a way of understanding information.

SE/TE: Debate, 279, 341, 457, 921, 1053, 1115, 1154, 1283; also see: Publishing/presenting: panel discussion, 835; Discussion, 835, 1129, 1199, 1323



4. Identify complex structures in informational texts and the relationships between the concepts and details in those structures using texts from various disciplines.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials : Maps, 90–93, Newspaper Articles, 398–401, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Guidebooks, 722–725, Web Sites, 960–964, Mission Statements, 1070–1073; also see: Applying : biography, 979, 985, background information, 1285, 1291; Distinguishing emotive and informative language, 949, 953, 955, 957; Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993, works-cited list, 1001; Elaborating : including references and citations, 397

TE: Assessment Practice: Organization, 1128, 1282, Paired Passages, 880, 895, 920, 938, 958, 976, 986, Sequential Order, 31, 64, 88, 202


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5. Analyze and synthesize the concepts and details in informational texts.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials : Maps, 90–93, Newspaper Articles, 398–401, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Guidebooks, 722–725, Web Sites, 960–964, Mission Statements, 1070–1073; Unit Introductions : Historical background of Old English and Medieval Periods, 6-13, Historical background ofEnglish Renaissance, 228-235, Historical background of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, 424-431, Historical background of Romantic Period, 654-661, Historical background of Victorian Period, 854-861, Historical background of Modern and Postmodern Periods, 1012-1019; Research and Technology (Apply the Skills): 32, 65, 89, 122, 136, 158, 187, 203, 247, 255, 265, 279, 290, 326, 360, 380, 397, 447, 457, 468, 489, 500, 519, 535, 553, 571, 585, 603, 625, 677, 687, 699, 720, 759, 773, 787, 803, 821, 833, 881, 896, 921, 939, 959, 977, 987, 1035, 1053, 1069, 1087, 1111, 1115, 1129, 1141, 1154, 1181, 1199, 1223, 1249, 1261, 1273, 1283, 1293, 1311, 1323



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6. Explain how new information from a textchanges personal knowledge.

SE/TE: Connecting to the Literature/Preview (Build Skills): 17, 39, 77, 97, 122, 136, 161, 189, 239, 249, 257, 271, 281, 305, 326, 342, 360, 380, 435, 449, 459, 473, 491, 503, 521, 537, 555, 573, 593, 613, 665, 679, 691, 707, 729, 761, 775, 789, 811, 823, 865, 883, 903, 929, 949, 967, 979, 1023, 1039, 1055, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1117, 1131, 1143, 1159, 1183, 1021, 1231, 1251, 1263, 1275, 1285, 1297, 1313; A Closer Look : Chaucer’s Guided Tour of Medieval Life and Literature, 94-95, Elizabethan Theater, 294-295, Shakespeare on Stage, 296-297, Shakespeare on Film, 298-299, Making “Darkness Visible”: Milton’s Epic Ambition, 470-471, Poetry and Friendship in the Romantic Age, 726-727, Curious Workshop of Charles Dickens: Making Myths, 900-901, Critical Commentary on The Hollow Men , 1044-1046; Extend Understanding (Apply the Skills): 30, 63, 87, 120, 134, 156, 185, 201, 245, 253, 263, 277, 288, 324, 358, 378, 395, 445, 455, 466, 487, 498, 517, 533, 551, 569, 583, 601, 623, 675, 685, 697, 719, 757, 771, 785, 801, 819, 831, 879, 894, 919, 937, 957, 975, 985, 1033, 1051, 1067, 1085, 1098, 1113, 1127,1139, 1152, 1179, 1197, 1221, 1247, 1259, 1271, 1281, 1291, 1309, 1321



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1. Ask pertinent questions during writing conferences and when working alone, using knowledge of personal writing strategies, strengths, and weaknesses to improve one’s own writing.

SE/TE: Reflecting/Assessing (journal/rubric), 216, 413, 643, 843, 1001, 1337, R34; also see: Revising, 32, 65, 89, 158, 203, 209, 214,279, 290, 405, 408, 410, 447, 457, 468, 489,519, 535,585, 603, 635, 640, 677, 687, 721, 759, 773, 803, 821, 833, 835, 840, 896, 987, 991, 996, 1035, 1053, 1069,1097, 1129, 1141, 1154, 1181, 1261, 1273, 1283, 1311, 1323, 1329, 1334



2. Reflect on, evaluate, revise, and edit a sequence of drafts to improve and polish finished work.

SE/TE: Revising, 32, 65, 89, 158, 203, 209, 214, 279, 290, 405, 408, 410, 447, 457, 468, 489,519, 535,585, 603, 635, 640, 677, 687, 721, 759, 773, 803, 821, 833, 835, 840, 896, 987, 991, 996, 1035, 1053, 1069,1097, 1129, 1141, 1154, 1181, 1261, 1273, 1283, 1311, 1323, 1329, 1334; Reflecting/Assessing (journal/rubric), 216, 413, 643, 843, 1001, 1337, R34



E. PROCESSES OF WRITING AND SPEAKING

Students will demonstrate the ability to use the skills and strategies of the writing process. Effective communication can improve the work of writers and speakers. Students will use a wide range of strategies to address different audiences for a varietyof purposes. Students will write or speak for reflective, creative and informational purposes.

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3. Use planning, drafting, and revising to produce, on demand, a well-developed, organized piece that demonstrates effective language use, voice, and command of mechanics.

SE/TE: Prewriting, 208, 404, 570, 634, 699, 834, 837, 837, 881, 939, 959, 990, 993, 993, 1199, 1249, 1328, 1331; Drafting (including providing elaboration and shaping writing): 187, 209, 212, 397, 405, 408, 500, 553, 635, 638, 835, 838, 921, 991, 994, 1115, 1224, 1293, 1329, 1332; Revising (general): 32, 65, 214, 457, 585, 833, 1035, 1129, 1273, 1283; Revising content: 89, 203, 209, 405, 447, 635, 721, 833, 835, 896, 991, 1053, 1154, 1311, 1329; Revising overall structure: 214, 410, 603, 640, 803, 840, 1323, 1334; Revising paragraphs: 279, 687, 821, 996



4. Evaluate the remarks and oral presentations of others to find the key ideas, and explain the ways in which these ideas were developed.

SE/TE: Communications Workshops : Analyzing Persuasive Techniques, 646, Critiquing Persuasive Devices, 846, Argument, 1004



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• no significant errors in the use of pronouns, nouns, adjectival and adverbial forms

SE/TE: Pronoun, 396, 584, 976, 1272; Noun, 246, 289, 1034, 1140; Adjective, 264, 289, 467, 518, 602, 1114; Adverb, 157, 289, 1180, 1248; also see: Editing/Proofreading, 413, 643, 843, 1001, 1337



• coordinating and subordinating conjunctions.

SE/TE: Conjunction, coordinating, 88, 832, 958, subordinating, 895, 1153; Editing/Proofreading, 413, 643, 843, 1001, 1337



F. STANDARD ENGLISH CONVENTIONS

Students will write and speak correctly, using conventions of standard written and spoken English. Knowledge of language structure and conventions (e.g., spelling, punctuation, level of formality) is used to create, critique, discuss, and present print and nonprint texts.

1. Edit written work for standard English spelling and usage, evidenced by pieces that show and contain:

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• no significant errors in the spelling of frequently used words and the correct use of commonly confused terms.

SE/TE: Editing/Proofreading : Spelling, 843; Spelling Strategy, 31, 64, 88, 121, 135, 157, 186, 202, 246, 254, 264, 278, 289, 325, 359, 379, 396, 446, 456, 467, 488, 499, 518, 534, 552, 570, 584, 602, 624, 676, 686, 698, 720, 758, 772, 786, 802, 820, 832, 880, 895, 920, 938, 958, 976, 986, 1034, 1052, 1068, 1086, 1099, 1114, 1128, 1140, 1153, 1180, 1198, 1222, 1248, 1260, 1272, 1282, 1292, 1310, 1322



• no significant errors in the common conventions of capitalization and ending punctuation marks and common uses of the comma.

SE/TE: Capitalization, 246, 986; Comma, 64, 88, 202, 832, 920, R6; Editing/Proofreading: commas, 643; Punctuation, 64, 88, 157, 202, 832, 920; Capitalization and Punctuation, R46, R47



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• few significant errors in the spelling of commonly misspelled and rare words, the less common capitalization conventions, the colon, semicolon, hyphen, dash, apostrophe, quotation marks, italics, marginal notes, and footnotes.

SE/TE: Spelling, 843; Spelling Strategy, 31, 64, 88, 121, 135, 157, 186, 202, 246, 254, 264, 278, 289, 325, 359, 379, 396, 446, 456, 467, 488, 499, 518, 534, 552, 570, 584, 602, 624, 676, 686, 698, 720, 758, 772, 786, 802, 820, 832, 880, 895, 920, 938, 958, 976, 986, 1034, 1052, 1068, 1086, 1099, 1114, 1128, 1140, 1153, 1180, 1198, 1222, 1248, 1260, 1272, 1282, 1292, 1310, 1322; Capitalization, 246, 986, R46; Punctuation, 64, 88, 157, 202, 832, 920, R6, R46, R47; Editing/Proofreading, 413, 643, 843, 1001, 1337, R47



2. Demonstrate how language usage may depend on the situation.

SE/TE: Charged language, 271, 277, 416; Dramatic irony, 342, 348, 358; Emotional appeal, 408, 646, 823; Emotive language, 949, 953, 955, 957; Fantasy, language of, 729, 732, 740, 742, 747, 749, 750, 757; Understanding dialect, 189, 195, 197, 201; Translating dialect, 665, 667, 675; Narrative style, 281, 288, 1324, R21; Poetic sound devices, 220, 704–705, 729, 731, 732, 734, 737, 738, 740, 742, 744, 747, 750, 755, 757; Reasoned argument, 271, 277; Verbal irony, 1075, 1085; Voice, 1231, 1233, 1234, 1236, 1241, 1243, 1247, R19; also see : From the Translator's Desk : Seamus Heaney on Giving Shape to Poetry, 66; Burton Raffel on Shaping a Narrative, 213; From the Author's Desk : Anita Desai on Writing Vivid Descriptions, 1333; Revising word choice, 214, 408, 640, 840


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3. Demonstrate command of the conventions involved in a formal speech, effectively engaging peers during presentation and fielding responses afterwards.

SE/TE: Communications Workshops : Delivering Autobiographical Presentations, 220, Delivering Persuasive Speech, 1004; Debate, 279, 341, 457, 921, 1053, 1115, 1154, 1283, R40; Speech, 158, 325, 489, 553, 646, 821, 1004, R40



1. Write stories that effectively develop such elements as setting, major events, problems and solutions.

SE/TE: Writing Workshops: Autobiographical narrative, 210–220, Reflective Essay, 636–643; also see: Allegory, 158; Parable, in King James style, 290; Sequel, 1100; Description, product, 1224; Account of remarkable person, 1273



G. STYLISTIC AND RHETORICAL ASPECTS OF WRITING AND SPEAKING

Students will use stylistic and rhetorical aspects of writing and speaking to explore ideas, to present lines of thought, to represent and reflect on human experience, and to communicate feelings, knowledge, and opinions. Spoken, written, and non-verbal visual language (e.g., facial expressions, styles of clothing) accomplish many purposes (e.g., enjoyment, learning, persuasion, and the exchange of information). Writing and speaking for various purposes and for different audiences requires rhetorical skill and stylistic competence.

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2. Write pieces and deliver oral presentations that effectively use descriptive language to clarify, enhance, and develop ideas.

SE/TE: Writing Workshops: Autobiographical narrative, 210–220, Reflective Essay, 636–643; Description, product, 1224; Elaborating: incorporating specific details, 638; Revising Sentences: to strengthen central image, 1141; Revising Tone: for vague language, 835; Revising Style: for vivid, precise language, 759; strong, active language, 840; Developing Style :strong verbs and adjectives, 215; vivid word choice, 215, 408: From the Author’s Desk: Anita Desai on Writing Vivid Descriptions, 1333



3. Write pieces and deliver oral presentations that include a variety of sentence structures and lengths.

SE/TE: Revising Sentences: sentence order, 158, checking for accuracy, 519, balancing comparisons, 677, to strengthen transitions, 1334; also see: Analyzing difficult sentences, 97, 99, 102, 105, 107, 109, 113, 114, 116, 120



4. Write pieces and deliver oral presentations that are targeted for various audiences (e.g., informed or uninformed, sympathetic or hostile).

SE/TE: Analysis of audience, 603; Narrowing topic by finding focus, 208, 404, 407, 834, 990, 1328; Revising: for audience, 833, knowledge level of readers, 1035; Communications Workshops : Delivering Autobiographical Presentations, 220, Delivering Persuasive Speech, 1004



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5. Write pieces and deliver oral presentations that achieve distinct purposes (e.g., to persuade, evaluate, analyze, defend).

SE/TE: Communications Workshops : Delivering Autobiographical Presentations, 220, Delivering Persuasive Speech, 1004; Writing Workshops: Autobiographical narrative, 210–220, Persuasive Essay, 406–413, Reflective Essay, 636–643, Job Portfolio and Résumé, 836–991, Research paper, 992–1001, Multimedia Report, 1330–1337; Writing About Literature: Analyzing Literary Periods, 208–209, 990–991, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Trends, 404–405, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Themes, 634–635, Evaluating Literary Trends, 834–835, 1328–1329; also see: Writing Lesson, 32, 65, 89, 122, 136, 158, 187, 203, 247, 255, 265, 279, 290, 326, 360, 380, 397, 447, 457, 468, 489, 500, 519, 535, 553, 571, 585, 603, 625, 677, 687, 699, 720, 759, 773, 787, 803, 821, 833, 881, 896, 921, 939, 959, 977, 987, 1035, 1053, 1069, 1087, 1111, 1115, 1129, 1141, 1154, 1181, 1199, 1223, 1249, 1261, 1273, 1283, 1293, 1311, 1323



6. Write pieces and deliver oral presentations that effectively employ explicit transitional devices in order to change a situation or to move the reader/listener through the piece.

SE/TE: Transitions, 209, 410; Revising: connections with transitions, 1283, indicating cause-and-effect transition, 896, to strengthen transitions, 1334, transitions to make comparisons, 1261, for transitions, 209



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7. Write pieces and deliver oral presentations in which the organization of the work follows from the purpose.

SE/TE: Arranging arguments in logical order, 410; Shaping Writing by: deciding where to start, 638; establishing organizational plan, 994; logical organization, 209; outlining, 405, 838; selecting and following format, 838; using parallelism and antithesis, 553; Elaborating by: considering variety and flow, 1332; including examples in informal outline, 635

TE: Assessment Practice: Organization, 1128, 1282



8. Write pieces and deliver oral presentations in a personal style, with a discernible voice and effective wording.

SE/TE: Shaping Writing by : establishing tone, 638; playing to strengths, 838; relating broad themes to personal experience, 500; Developing Style, 209, 290, 405, 408, 635, 835, 991, 1097, 1329; Word choice, 214, 408, 640, 840; Voice, 1231, 1233, 1234, 1236, 1241, 1243, 1247, R19

TE: Assessment Practice: Style, 1034, 1052, 1068, 1114, 1140, 1198, 1248, 1260, 1292



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9. Write essays and deliver oral presentations that reliably support and provide details for the explicitly stated generalizations.

SE/TE: Elaborating : using reactions to develop situation, 187; including references and citations, 397; citing specific examples, 405, 835; appeals, arguments, 408; including examples in informal outline, 635; incorporating specific details, 638; organizing critical response, 1115; clarifying media references, 1332; Shaping writing by being concise, 838; developing thesis statement, 994; focusing thesis statement, 991; showcasing thesis statement, 408; tying together points in effective conclusion, 1329; Gathering details, 208, 211, 404, 407, 570, 634, 637, 699, 834, 837, 881, 939, 959, 990, 993, 1199, 1249, 1328, 1331



10. Make effective use of a variety of techniques to provide supporting detail (e.g., analogies, anecdotes, illustrations, detailed descriptions, restatements, paraphrases, examples, comparisons) in written work and oral presentations.

SE/TE: Drafting (including providing elaboration and shaping writing): 187, 209, 212, 397, 405, 408, 500, 553, 635, 638, 835, 838, 921, 991, 994, 1115, 1224, 1293, 1329, 1332



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11. Make effective use of a variety of techniques for introducing and representing ideas and insights in written work and oral presentations.

SE/TE: Communications Workshops : Delivering Autobiographical Presentations, 220, Delivering Persuasive Speech, 1004; Writing Workshops: Autobiographical narrative, 210–220, Persuasive Essay, 406–413, Reflective Essay, 636–643, Job Portfolio and Résumé, 836–991, Research paper, 992–1001, Multimedia Report, 1330–1337; Writing About Literature: Analyzing Literary Periods, 208–209, 990–991, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Trends, 404–405, Comparing and Contrasting Literary Themes, 634–635, Evaluating Literary Trends, 834–835, 1328–1329; also see: Writing Lesson, 32, 65, 89, 122, 136, 158, 187, 203, 247, 255, 265, 279, 290, 326, 360, 380, 397, 447, 457, 468, 489, 500, 519, 535, 553, 571, 585, 603, 625, 677, 687, 699, 720, 759, 773, 787, 803, 821, 833, 881, 896, 921, 939, 959, 977, 987, 1035, 1053, 1069, 1087, 1111, 1115, 1129, 1141, 1154, 1181, 1199, 1223, 1249, 1261, 1273, 1283, 1293, 1311, 1323



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1. Develop an appropriate strategy for finding information on a particular topic.

SE/TE: Writing Workshops: Research paper, 992–1001, Multimedia Report, 1330–1337; Research and Technology, 32, 65, 89, 122, 136,158, 187, 203, 247, 255, 265, 279, 290, 326, 360, 380, 397, 447, 457, 468, 489, 500, 519, 535, 553, 571, 585, 603, 625, 677, 687, 699, 720, 759, 773, 787, 803, 821, 833, 881, 896, 921, 939, 959, 977, 987, 1035, 1053, 1069, 1087, 1111, 1115, 1129, 1141, 1154, 1181, 1199, 1223, 1249, 1261, 1273, 1283, 1293, 1311, 1323; also see: Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993, works-cited list, 1001; also see: Elaborating : including references and citations, 397; Reading Informational Materials: Online Search Engines, 630–633; Writing Workshops: Research paper, 992–1001; Research and Technology Guide : Using the Internet for Research, R26–R27



2. Use referencing while doing research. SE/TE: Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993, works-cited list, 1001; also see: Elaborating : including references and citations, 397; Reading Informational Materials: Online Search Engines, 630–633; Writing Workshops: Research paper, 992–1001; Research and Technology Guide : Using the Internet for Research, R26–R27

Students will work, write, and speak effectively in connection with research in all content areas. Research involves generating ideas and posing questions. It includes gathering, evaluating, and synthesizing data from a variety of sources (e.g., print, nonprint, and electronic texts, examination of artifacts, interviews with people). Researching and reporting use a variety of informational and technological resources to gather and synthesize information and to create and communicate knowledge.

H. RESEARCH-RELATED WRITING AND SPEAKING

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3. Record significant information from events attended and interviews conducted.

SE/TE: Interview, 379, 625, R40; Interview, radio, 89; note-taking for summary, 247; note-taking to focus on theme, 634; note cards, source and note, 993



4. Identify and use library information services.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials: Online Search Engines, 630–633; Writing Workshops: Research paper, 992–1001; Research and Technology Guide : Using the Internet for Research, R26–R27; Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993, works-cited list, 1001; Elaborating : including references and citations, 397



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5. Use government publications, in-depth field studies, and almanacs for research.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials : Maps, 90–93, Newspaper Articles, 398–401, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Guidebooks, 722–725, Web Sites, 960–964, Mission Statements, 1070–1073; also see: Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993, works-cited list, 1001; Elaborating : including references and citations, 397; Writing Workshops: Research paper, 992–1001; Research and Technology Guide : Using the Internet for Research, R26–R27



6. Use CD-ROM, microfiche, and similar resource media for research.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials : Online Search Engines, 630–633, Web Sites, 960–964; also see: Research and Technology, 32, 65, 89, 122, 136, 158, 187, 203, 247, 255, 265, 279, 290, 326, 360, 380, 397, 447, 457, 468, 489, 500, 519, 535, 553, 571, 585, 603, 625, 677, 687, 699, 720, 759, 773, 787, 803, 821, 833, 881, 896, 921, 939, 959, 977, 987, 1035, 1053, 1069, 1087, 1111, 1115, 1129, 1141, 1154, 1181, 1199, 1223, 1249, 1261, 1273, 1283, 1293, 1311, 1323



7. Identify and use a variety of news sources (e.g., newspapers, magazines, broadcast and recorded media, artifacts), informants, and other likely sources for research purposes.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials : Newspaper Articles, 398–401, Online Search Engines, 630–633, Web Sites, 960–964; News scan, 407; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340


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8. Use search engines and other Internet resources to do research.

SE/TE: Reading Informational Materials: Web Sites, 960–964; Online Search Engines, 630–633; Writing Workshops: Research paper, 992–1001; Research and Technology Guide : Using the Internet for Research, R26–R27



9. Make extensive use of primary sources when researching a topic and carefully evaluate the motives and perspectives of the authors.

SE/TE: Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993; Comparison of historical sources, 89; Analysis of sources, 977; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340; also see: Inferring : beliefs of the period, 380, 384, 386, 393, 395; Assessing propaganda, 415, 645; Distinguishing emotive and informative language, 949, 953, 955, 957; Challenging text, 1313, 1315, 1316, 1321



10. Analyze the validity and weigh the reliability of primary information sources and make appropriate use of such information for research purposes.

SE/TE: Comparison of historical sources, 89; Analysis of sources, 977; Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993; Analysis of sources, 977; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340; also see: Inferring : beliefs of the period, 380, 384, 386, 393, 395; Assessing propaganda, 415, 645; Distinguishing emotive and informative language, 949, 953, 955, 957; Challenging text, 1313, 1315, 1316, 1321

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11. Evaluate information for accuracy, currency, and possible bias.

SE/TE: Comparison of historical sources, 89; Analysis of sources, 977; Sources : primary/secondary, R27, R28, R33, including references and citations, 397, checking available, 993; Analysis of sources, 977; Communications Workshops : Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340; also see: Inferring : beliefs of the period, 380, 384, 386, 393, 395; Assessing propaganda, 415, 645; Distinguishing emotive and informative language, 949, 953, 955, 957; Challenging text, 1313, 1315, 1316, 1321



12. Report orally, using a variety of technological resources to present the results of a research project.

SE/TE: Communications Workshops : Analyzing Advertising, 416, Analyzing Bias in News Media, 1340; Writing Workshops: Multimedia Report, 1330–1337; Elaborating : clarifying media references, 1332; Reading Informational Materials: Online Search Engines, 630–633, Web Sites, 960–964; also see: Proposal for multimedia presentation, 187; Presentation, multimedia, 677, 987; Tour, multimedia, 1273; Script, multimedia presentation of poem, 1293



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Prentice Hall Literature: The Penguin Edition, The British ... · PDF file... interactions with others, knowledge of word meaning and knowledge of ... Assessment Practice: Writer’s