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September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 1This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Premium Transformer Oil Processing and its impacts on Transformer Oil Lifetime
By Nils Herlenius
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 2This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Presentation Topics
• Manufacturing Premium Transformer OilNaphthenic versus Paraffinic OilTransformer Oil StandardsInhibited or un-inhibited oilCorrosive Sulphur
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 3This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Crude Oil
Distillation “Cleaning” BlendingCrude Selection
Transformer Oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 4This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Transformer Oil• Electrical Properties• Cooling Properties• Health & Safety• Oxidation Stability = Long Life• Free from Corrosive Sulphur
Requested Standard
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 5This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Crude Oil
Distillation “Cleaning” BlendingCrude Selection
Transformer Oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 6This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Naphthenic or Paraffinic?
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 7This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Theoretical Molecule in Crude Oil
Aromatic Naphthenic
Paraffinic
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 8This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Theoretical Molecule in Crude Oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 9This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Definition: Naphthenic / Paraffinic Oil
Cp below 50% Naphthenic oilCp 50 – 60% Intermediate oilCp 60%< Paraffinic oil
Cp = Paraffinic Carbon Type
Cn = Naphthenic Carbon TypeCn Above 40% Naphthenic oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 10This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Naphthenic or Paraffinic?
• Low Viscosity Index
• High Solubility
• Low Pour Point Cooling Properties
Long Life
Specific characteristics of Naphthenic crude oils, makes it more suitable for Transformer Oil than paraffinic type:
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 11This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Naphthenic or Paraffinic?
• Low Viscosity Index Yes!No!
Temperature
Visc
osity
Temperature
Visc
osity• Ideal Viscosity Index
High Viscosity Index
Low Viscosity Index
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 12This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Naphthenic or Paraffinic?
High Solubility Low Solubility
The Solubility of the oil is more important for a Transformer, since oil change / regeneration is not frequent as for a Car
= Naphthenic Oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 13This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Crude Oil
Distillation “Cleaning” BlendingCrude Selection
Transformer Oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 14This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Distillation
Source of Picture: http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Oil_refinery
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 15This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Distillation
Fractionation allows a refiner to separate crude into different
temperature range blocks each with different molecular weight, viscosity, chemistry and sulfur levels. These serve as Feed
Stocks (FS) for other processes.
Gasoline40°C to 220°C
Gas & LPGBelow Ambient
to 40°C
Light Gasoil or Diesel
220°C to 370°C
Heavy Gasoilor Lubricants
370°C to 565°C
Extra Heavy Gasoil or Brightstock
565°C to 700°C
Asphalt or Pitch Bottoms
> 700°C
TypicalTransformer Oil
300 - 370°C
A good Pricing trend for transformer oil is the
VGO Notations
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 16This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Crude Oil
Distillation “Cleaning” BlendingCrude Selection
Transformer Oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 17This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
• Transformer Oil Standard(s)• Inhibited or un-inhibited oil• Special Customer Request
Cleaning ProcessThe Purpose of the Cleaning Process is to Meet or Exceed Targeted Transformer Oil Standards. Before you start, you need to decide upon:
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 18This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Hydrotreating
H2H2S, H2O, NH3
>300°CCatalyst, Pressure,
Contact Time
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 19This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Severity of Refining “Cleaning of the oil”
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 20This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
For Sulfur to be Corrosive, it needs to be Reactive
As such, its easy to remove in the refining process!
Transformer OilProperties
Good
Poor
Severity of Refining “Cleaning of the oil”
Response to Inhibitor
Electrical Properties
Oxidation Stability
CORROSIVE!
Elimination of Corrosive Sulfur
Gas Absorption
= Premium un-inhibited Transformer Oil
= Poorly Refined Corrosive Transformer Oil= Premium inhibited Transformer Oil
Health & Safety
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 21This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Degree of Oxidation
Life Time of Oil
InhibitedPoorly Refined Oil
Un-inhibitedHighly Refined Transformer Oil
Inhibited Highly Refined Transformer Oil
Un-inhibited Poorly Refined Oil
Critical Level
Good!
Bad!
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 22This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Crude Oil
Distillation “Cleaning” BlendingCrude Selection
Transformer Oil
September 16 2011Herlenius Nils for
Ergon Europe MEA Inc. Slide No. 23This Material is Copy write protected. CC BT-NC-ND
Discussions & Questions…
