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7/28/2019 Prelims-stages of Human Devt
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STAGES OF HUMAN LIFE AND
ITS NEEDS
Franelyne P. CasugaFaculty of Pharmacy
University of Santo Tomas
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
INFANCY (1 month to 1 year)
Developing a sense of trust and belonging
from a relationship with mother and father
Differentiating self from environment
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
INFANCY (1 month to 1 year) Learning
Eat solid food
Walk
Explore
Communicate
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
TODDLER (1 to 3 years)
Developing
Will power
Independence
LearningExploring environment
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years) Developing
Sexual identity
Sense of initiative
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years) Developing sense of
Time
SpaceDistance
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years) Developing sense of
Imagination
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)
Developing
Sense of work
Planning and carrying out projects
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)
Learning
Read
Calculate
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)
Developing neuromuscular
coordination
Learning to control emotions
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
ADOLESCENT (12 to 20 years) Developing
Physical maturity
Autonomy from home and family
Self-identity
Coping with body images
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 to 40 years) Establishment of enduring close physical and
emotional relationships
Child bearing Child rearing
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 to 40 years)
Establishing financial security
Community responsibility
Social interaction with peers
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
MIDDLE ADULT (40 TO 65 years)
Separation from children
Establishment in a job
Adapt to aged parents
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
MIDDLE ADULT (40 TO 65 years)
Adapt to physiological changes of
aging
Adjustment to altered relationship
with spouse
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
OLDER ADULT (40 TO 65 years)
Acceptance of own life as valuable
and appropriate
Adaptation to reduced physical
health and strength
Possible death of spouse
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
OLDER ADULT (40 TO 65 years)
Adjustment to retirement income
Development of relationship with
new family members
Adaptation to change in living
location and style
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
Development proceeds in orderly andpredictable pattern
Thorough knowledge of normal behavior
is required to detect abnormalities in
development
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
BEHAVIOR
An expression of complex interaction
Four fields
Motor behavior
Adaptive behaviorLanguage development
Personal social behavior
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
BEHAVIOR
MOTOR BEHAVIORGROSS MOTOR
Involves posturing of the head, trunk
and extremities
Necessitates movement of all or much
of the body
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
BEHAVIOR
MOTOR BEHAVIOR
FINE MOTOR
Illustrated by well-coordinated movements
of small muscles
Fingers
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
BEHAVIOR
ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR
Most significant
Most closely related to intelligence
Involves
Ability to utilize and manipulate objects
Motor and sensory coordination in thesolution of practical problems
Resourcefulness in using past experience
in adjusting to new situations
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
BEHAVIORLANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
Ability to understand another person and
to be able to make oneself understoodReflex sounds and feeble gestures (3rd week)
Crying
Cooing
Babbling (3rd to 8th month)
Ma-ma, da-da
Gestures (starts at the 4th month)
Word usage
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
BEHAVIOR
PERSONAL SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
Affected by environment and culture
Includes
Habits affecting feeding, bowel and
bladder control
Ability to get along with other people
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
2 MONTHS Symmetrical position
Head control up to 45 from prone position
Hands no longer fisted
Change in activity when spoken to
Vocalizes (small throaty sounds)
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
3 MONTHS
Moves head towards sound
Holds rattle temporarily
Alert
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
4 MONTHS
Can follow moving objects with eyes
Both hands activate towards toy
Takes toy in hand to mouth
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
5 MONTHS
Good head control
Laughs loudly
Reaches for objects
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES6 MONTHS
Sits with support
Rolls over
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
7 MONTHS
Plays with rattle
Bounces
Recognizes familiar faces
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES8 MONTHS
Transfers objects from hand to hand
Sits without support Imitates hand movement
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
9 MONTHS
Sits well
Holds bottle when feeding
Creeps
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
10 MONTHS Pulls to feet
Uses thumb and index finger to hold small
objects
Understands gestures
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
11 MONTHS Stands with support
Does nursery games (peek-a-boo)
Repetitive consonant sounds (mama) Two words with meaning
Responds to sound of name
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
12 MONTHS Stands alone
Cruises or walks holding to furniture
Attempts to use a spoon Obeys commands or requests
Cooperates in dressing
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
15 MONTHS Walks alone, crawls up stairs
Feeds self with spoon
Builds tower of 2 cubes Jargon, four to five words
Hugs parents
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
18 MONTHS Seats self in childs chair
Creeps up stairs
Builds tower of 3 cubes
Imitates a vertical stroke
Plays ball
Has 10 words
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
24 MONTHS Runs well
Can go up and down the stairs
Uses a fork
Combines 2 or 3 words in a sentence
Toilet-trained during the day
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
2 YEARS Runs well
Can go up and down the stairs
Uses a fork
Combines 2 or 3 words in a sentence
Toilet-trained during the day
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
3 YEARS Stands on one leg
Builds tower of 10 cubes
Knows sex and full name Dresses self except for buttons and tying
shoes
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
3 YEARS Rides tricycle
Dresses self except for buttons and tying
shoes Counts to 3 or more
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
4 YEARS Walks up and downstairs alternating feet
Imitates a cross
Recognizes 2 or more colors Cleans oneself, combs hair and brushes
teeth
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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
6 YEARS Can write fairly well
Draws a complete person with clothes
Adds and subtracts Distinguishes between left and right
Dresses self completely