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Preliminary Results of the 2012/2013 Manitoba Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey Mario Tenuta and Mehrdad Madani Department of Soil Science Dennis Lange Dennis Lange MAFRD CPS Manitoba Meeting Nov. 20, 2013

Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

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Page 1: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Preliminary Results of the 2012/2013 Manitoba Soybean Cyst Nematode SurveySoybean Cyst Nematode Survey

Mario Tenuta and Mehrdad MadaniDepartment of Soil Science

Dennis LangeDennis LangeMAFRD

CPS Manitoba Meeting Nov. 20, 2013

Page 2: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Life Cycle of a ( d l ) lSCN (Heterodera glycines) Female

SoilSource: Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture

Source: Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture

Root

Source: Sandra Sardanelli Univ. Maryland

Page 3: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Source: Albert Tenuta OMAFRA

Page 4: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Female Becomes Cyst Eventually d lRupturing and Releasing Eggs

Source: Kris Lambert Univ. Illinois

Source: Edward McGawley, Louisiana State University

Soil

Source: Edward McGawley, Louisiana State University

Page 5: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

SCN in Minnesota (2009)SCN in Minnesota (2009)

Page 6: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

SCN in North Dakota (2011)SCN in North Dakota (2011)

2011

Sources:NDSU/NASS/NDSC Survey

2010

20112011

Crop ConsultantsDiagnostic Lab SubmissionsAGVISE + Submitted samples

2007

2011

2010

2011

2010 20032010

201120092011

Page 7: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Soil Processing

Page 8: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013)SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013)

• 48 soybean fields sampled48 soybean fields sampled• > 3000 soil samples282 i l f i• 282 composite samples for processing

• Priority fields based on– Proximity to water courses from U.S. that flood– Number of soybean years– History of dry beans– Sampled prone areas of fieldsp p

Page 9: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

35 fields sampled Oct/Nov 2012

13 fields sampled July/Aug 2013

Page 10: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Collection Areas for Two FieldsCollection Areas for Two Fields

Page 11: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

ResultsResults

• 37 composite samples from 22 fields had cysts37 composite samples from 22 fields had cysts• Total of 60 cysts recovered26 d d• 26 cysts were not damaged

• 23 cysts had circumfenestrate vulval cone structures – Cactodera, Punctodera, Betulodera

• 3 cysts were bifenestrate – Heterodera

Page 12: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

ResultsResults

• 15 circumfenestrate cysts had eggs or juveniles15 circumfenestrate cysts had eggs or juveniles• 1 bifenestrate cyst had eggs and juveniles

S i i ifi C• ITS sequencing, species‐specific PCR• Circumfenestrate cysts ITS matched Cactodera• Bifenestrate cyst ambiguous – Heterodera by morphology, SCN by 2/3 primer sets, Cactoderap gy, y / p ,by ITS sequencing

Page 13: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Juveniles and CystsJuveniles and Cysts

Circumfenestrate

Bifenestrate

Page 14: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

ConclusionsConclusions

• Soybean fields primarily along Red River were Soybea e ds p a y a o g ed e e esampled

• SCN not confirmed in the fields• Cactodera present in extremely low abundance in about half of fields samples

• Cactodera poses no known pest threat• Resampled 6 fields Oct 2013 to obtain more undamaged bifenestrate and circumfenestrate cysts

• Propose to conduct a survey on light soils in i klWinkler‐Portage area

Page 15: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Acknowledgements• Soybean farmers• William Shaw Brad Sparling Patrick Finnsson• William Shaw, Brad Sparling, Patrick Finnsson, Megan Westphal for samplingF d MPGA MRAC A i lt d A i• Funders: MPGA, MRAC‐Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada (CAAP program)

• Canada Research Chair Program in Applied Soil Ecology

Page 16: Preliminary Results of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey · SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013) • 48 soybean fields sampled • > 3000 soil samples • 282 composite samples for processing

Three Things Are ForeverThree Things Are Forever

• DiamondsDiamonds• TaxesSC• SCN