Preliminary Results CELLUWOOD Beams

Project meeting 7-8 July 2014, Valencia (Spain)

AIDIMA (Miguel ngel Abin)

2WP 8: ASSESSMENT OF CELLUWOOD MATERIAL

3Previously, in WP7 some lignin, PUR and MUF beams where manufactured at TECNIFUSTA for interim testing. Those interim tests led to changes in the formulation of the lignin resin by CHIMAR in order to achieve a satisfactory and effective final resin.

In 2014, 20 complete beams (nominal dimensions: 120 x 120 x 2200 mm) were manufactured at TECNIFUSTA in collaboration with CHIMAR and AIDIMA:

10 beams with their lamellae glued by the final lignin resin developed in the project (CELLUWOOD beams).

10 beams with their lamellae glued by commercial PUR.

All lamellae were made of timber classified as C24.

10 commercial beams (nominal dimensions: 120 x 120 x 2200 mm) made with MUF resin were used in order to compare strength and behaviour with the other 20 beams. The commercial beams are classified as GL24h.

All beams were made of Picea abies wood.

4Measurement of the moisture content of timber Preparation of the lignin resin for its application

12PUR beams

15

NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS (ULTRASOUNDS): PUR BEAMS

16

Beam 1 (PUR resin) Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)

MOR (N/mm2) Classification

1st glue line 5,619 12,890 33.5 C30

2nd glue line 5,621 12,901 33.6 C30

1st lamella 5,682 13,883 35.1 C35

2nd lamella 5,635 12,988 33.9 C30

3rd lamella 5,513 12,223 30.8 C30


(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,651 12,879 33.4 C30

2nd glue line 5,862 14,204 38.7 C35

1st lamella 5,604 12,586 32.3 C30

2nd lamella 5,714 13,276 35.0 C35

3rd lamella 5,812 13,889 37.5 C35

Beam 2 (moisture content: 10.4%; dimensions: 120 x 122 x 2199 mm).

Beam 3 (moisture content: 11.1%; dimensions: 119 x 122 x 2202 mm). Beam 3 (PUR resin) Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,913 15,146 42.4 C40

2nd glue line 5,573 13,015 34.0 C30

1st lamella 6,001 15,692 44.6 C40

2nd lamella 5,828 14,615 40.3 C40

3rd lamella 5,528 12,731 32.9 C30


17


(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,651 13,086 34.3 C30

2nd glue line 5,382 11,401 27.6 C27

1st lamella 5,746 13,686 36.6 C35

2nd lamella 5,483 12,037 30.1 C30

3rd lamella 5,312 10,961 25.8 C24


Good results (good quality timber), and good glue lines.

We need to analyze the results in more detail.

18

NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS (ULTRASOUNDS): COMMERCIAL MUF BEAMS

GL24

19

Beam 1 (MUF

resin)

Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,721 13,324 35.2 C35

2nd glue line 5,515 12,028 30.1 C30

1st lamella 5,691 13,133 34.5 C30

2nd lamella 5,487 11,850 29.4 C27

3rd lamella 5,501 11,939 29.7 C27

Beam 2 (MUF

resin)

Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,376 11,365 27.4 C27

2nd glue line 5,602 12,779 33.1 C30

1st lamella 5,350 11,196 26.8 C24

2nd lamella 5,607 12,784 33.2 C30

3rd lamella 5,661 13,151 34.5 C30




Beam 3 (MUF

resin)

Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,602 12,986 33.9 C30

2nd glue line 5,529 12,532 32.1 C30

1st lamella 5,623 12,991 33.9 C30

2nd lamella 5,631 13,171 34.6 C30

3rd lamella 5,404 11,743 28.9 C27

20

Beam 4 (MUF

resin)

Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,431 11,915 29.6 C27

2nd glue line 5,363 11,487 27.9 C27

1st lamella 5,204 10,481 24.1 C24

2nd lamella 5,405 11,743 28.9 C27

3rd lamella 5,350 11,196 26.8 C24

Beam 5 (MUF

resin)

Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,445 11,587 28.3 C27

2nd glue line 5,676 13,038 34.1 C30

1st lamella 5,457 11,592 28.3 C27

2nd lamella 5,487 11,851 29.4 C27

3rd lamella 5,706 13,228 34.8 C30





21

NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS (ULTRASOUNDS): LIGNIN BEAMS

22

Beam 2 (lignin

resin)

Wave

speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)

MOR

(N/mm2)

Classification

1st glue line 5,737 13,835 37.2 C35

2nd glue line 5,721 13,739 36.9 C35

1st lamella 5,661 13,358 35.3 C35

2nd lamella 5,783 14,127 38.4 C35

3rd lamella 5,646 13,265 34.9 C30



Beam 3 (moisture content: 12.2%; dimensions: 121 x 119 x 2104 mm). Beam 3 (lignin

resin)

Wave

speed (m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)

MOR

(N/mm2)

Classification

1st glue line 6,062 15,876 45.3 C45

2nd glue line 5,721 13,739 36.9 C35

1st lamella 6,167 16,534 47.0 C45

2nd lamella 5,863 14,624 40.4 C40

3rd lamella 5,752 13,932 37.6 C35

Beam 1 (lignin

resin)

Wave

speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)

MOR

(N/mm2)

Classification

1st glue line 5,783 14,127 38.4 C35

2nd glue line 5,661 13,358 35.3 C35

1st lamella 5,928 15,032 42.0 C40

2nd lamella 5,691 13,547 36.1 C35

3rd lamella 5,616 13,078 34.2 C30

23

Beam 4 (lignin

resin)

Wave

speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)

MOR

(N/mm2)

Classification

1st glue line 5,783 14,127 38.4 C35

2nd glue line 5,661 13,358 35.3 C35

1st lamella 5,944 15,136 42.4 C40

2nd lamella 5,616 13,078 34.2 C30

3rd lamella 5,721 13,738 36.9 C35

Beam 5 (lignin

resin)

Wave

speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)

MOR

(N/mm2)

Classification

1st glue line 5,631 12,550 32.1 C30

2nd glue line 5,668 13,407 35.5 C35

1st lamella 5,404 11,121 28.5 C27

2nd lamella 5,722 13,117 34.4 C30

3rd lamella 5,692 12,926 33.6 C30


Beam 6 (moisture content: 12.1%; dimensions: 121 x 121 x 2102 mm). Beam 6 (lignin

resin)

Wave

speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)

MOR

(N/mm2)

Classification

1st glue line 5,445 12,002 30.1 C30

2nd glue line 5,363 11,487 27.9 C27

1st lamella 5,376 11,572 28.3 C27

2nd lamella 5,417 11,828 29.3 C27

3rd lamella 5,194 10,425 23.7 C20


24

Beam 7 (lignin

resin)

Wave speed

(m/s)

MOE

(N/mm2)


1st glue line 5,896 14,624 40.4 C40

2nd glue line 5,879 14,517 39.9 C35

1st lamella 5,828 14,201 38.7 C35

2nd lamella 5,930 14,839 41.2 C40

3rd lamella 5,651 13,086 34.3 C30




25

EN 408:2011+A1:2012 Timber structures Structural timber and glued laminated timber Determination of some physical and mechanical properties specifies test methods for determining most of the strength and stiffness properties of structural and glued laminated timber.

Section 19. Determination of bending strength

Section 10. Determination of global modulus of elasticity in bending

DESTRUCTIVE TESTS ACCORDING TO EN 408

27

Breaking of a commercial MUF beam

28

Breaking of a commercial MUF beam

29Breaking of a PUR beam

30Breaking of a PUR beam

31Breaking of a lignin beam (separation of the lamellas)

32Breaking of a lignin beam (separation of the lamellas)

33Breaking of a lignin beam (crack)

34Breaking of a lignin beam (crack)

35

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

22000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

MOE (MPa)

MUF

PUR

LIGNIN

36

12285

15020

17372

10000

11000

12000

13000

14000

15000

16000

17000

18000

MUF PUR LIGNIN

Average MOE (MPa)

The average MOE for lignin beams is 41,4% greater than the average MOE for MUF beams

37

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

MOR (MPa)

MUF

PUR

LIGNIN

38

50,65

53,55

56,72

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

MUF PUR LIGNIN

Average MOR (MPa)

The average MOR for lignin beams is 12% greater than the average MOR for MUF beams

39

On-going work and research

1) Mechanical characterization of small pieces of lignin beams2) Analysis of the quality of gluing in broken lignin beams

Thank you very much for your

attention

Documents

Preliminary Results CELLUWOOD Beams