8/10/2019 Preliminary Core 1 Notes'

1/6

Preliminary Core 1: Better Health for Individuals

Meanings of health- Definitions of health

Up until Mid 20th century health was defined as the absence of illness ordisease In 1947 WHO defined health as a state of complete, physical, metal andsocial well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity- Dimensions of healthPhysical Health: is the wellness of the body and the absence of chronic painor discomfort. Social health: is the ability to form and maintain positive relationships withparents, teachers and friends. It also being able to interact positively ingroup situations and follow accepted standards of behavior. Spiritual health: relates to a sense of purpose and meaning in and to feelingconnected with others and society Emotional Health Mental Heath- Relative and dynamic nature of healthRelative nature of health refers to how we judge our health compared toother people or other points of time in our lives.Health is relative to our own circumstances Dynamic Health: the health of a person is constantly changing and never

remains static. E.g. can change if you face a challenge or come across asituation that may affect the dimensions of health. Sports injury sufferphysically, emotionally and mentally.

The Health continuum:

Measures a persons health at any given moment. A persons health canchange in the matter of minutes, hours or days

The interactions between the dimensions:

8/10/2019 Preliminary Core 1 Notes'

2/6

If one dimension of health is compromised, the other dimensions will beaffected. For example when a person is ill they feel less inclined to interactwith others and may also feel depressed. Impaired physical wellness affectsthe other dimensions

How health changes over time:How an individuals circumstances impacts on health:

Health potential is determined by heredity, experiences, ability to makeinformed health decisions and access to health services

Perceptions of Health- perceptions of their healtha persons perception of health is highly subjective. These differentperceptions impact the priority we place on health and the type of actionstaken.

-

perceptions of the health of others

- implications of different perceptions of healthOn an individual level, peoples perceptions of health have a significantinfluence on their lifestyle choices an behaviors relating to health - perceptions of health as social constructsSocial construct is a concept that recognizes that people have differentviews based on their social circumstances and ways of seeing, interpreting,interrelating and interacting with their environment

These factors have an influence on: - The expectations we form about our health potential- Understanding of what good health is - Ability we have to act on information - The value we place on the importance of working to improve our health

8/10/2019 Preliminary Core 1 Notes'

3/6

- Choices whether we use helth products and services - How we respond to challenges that affect our health and well being - impact of the media, peers and family

MEDIA PEERS FAMILY

-Includes television,magazines, printadvertising- Can have a significantinfluence on youngpeoples attitudes relatedto health- For example tobacco

advertising may influenceteenagers to smoke byportraying smoking inadvertisements asattractive and claimingweightloss effects

- Teenagers security is usually found in theapproval of their peers

- Children can learn healthy orunhealthy habits by observing thebehaviour of parents- Behaviors include smoking, alcointake, level of physical activity aneating patterns

Health Behaviors of Young People- The positive health status of young people- protective behaviors and risk behaviorsProtective behaviors are those behaviors that are likely to enhance a personslevel of health. For example, participating in the recommended physical

activity requirements Risk behaviors are those health behaviors that have been found tocontribute to the development of health problems or poorer levels of health.For example, binge drinking, smoking. The more health protective behaviors present in a young persons life, thegreater the benefit to overall benefit of health Behaviors relating to levels of physical activity, eating habits, sexual activity,seeking help, social connectedness and risk taking have a big impact onyoung peoples health.

8/10/2019 Preliminary Core 1 Notes'

4/6

8/10/2019 Preliminary Core 1 Notes'

5/6

Core 1: What influences the health of indiviudals?

The determinants of healthHealth Determinants are the individual, socioeconomic, sociocultural andenvironmental factors that can have a positive or negative influence onthe health of individuals or populations

- Individual factorsKnowledge, skills, genetics

- Sociocultural factorsFamily, peers, media, religion, culture

- Socioeconomic factorsEmployment, education, income

- Environmental factorsGeographic location, access to health services and technology

The degree of control individuals can exert over their health- Modifiable an non-modifiable determinants

Modifiable health determinants are those determinants that can bechanged or controlled so they have a different influence on our health.

- The changing influence of determinants through different life stages Health as a social construct

- Recognizes the interrelationship of determinants- Challenges the notion that health is solely an individuals

responsibility

Core 1: What Strategies help promote the health of individuals?

What is health promotion Health promotion involves activities that are aimed at enabling people toincrease control over their health, to improve their health and preventillness.In 1986, the WHO incorporated this definition in a document known asthe Ottawa Charter for health promotion.The Ottawa Charter outlines the factors essential for promotion and isbased on the understanding that health is socially determined.

Responsibility for Health promotion- Individuals

situations- Not drinking anddriving- Seat belts- Planning trips- have car serviceregularly

- Jay-walking- Driving long distanceswithout a break- BAC higher than thelimited- drag racing

8/10/2019 Preliminary Core 1 Notes'

6/6

Play a key role in determining health status - Community groups- NOG- Government- International organizations-