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Prehistori c Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual Figures/Deities *Animals

Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

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Page 1: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Prehistoric Art

Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE

Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE

Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE

Key Subjects:

*Fertility

*Spiritual Figures/Deities

*Animals

Page 2: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Cave wall painting, Lascaux, France, 15,000-13,000 BCE

Page 3: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Egypt

Old kingdom: 2940-2134 BCE

Middle kingdom: 2040-1640 BCE

New kingdom: 1550-1070 BCE

Pyramids at Giza, 2530-2570 BCE

Major Themes:

*Monuments

*The Afterlife

*The Pharaoh

Page 4: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Palette of Kind Narmer, 3000-2920 BCE

Page 5: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

MesopotamiaMajor Themes:

*Cuneiform—”Wedge-shaped” writing system

*Royalty

*Religion

Ziggurat, Ur, 2100 BCE (Neo-Sumerian)

Page 6: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Victory Stele of Naram-Sin, 2254-2218 BCE

Stele with Law Code of Hammurabi, 1780 BCE

Page 7: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Cycladic Art

Figures of musicians, Syros (Cyclades) 2500-2300 BCE

Page 8: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

GreeceMycenae: 2300-1100 BCE

Geometric period: 1100-700 BCE

Orientalizing Phase: 735-650 BCE

Archaic: 700-400 BCE

Classical:480-325 BCE

Hellenistic:323-330 BCE

2800-100 BCE

Kouros, 575-550 BCE

“Archaic Smile”

Page 9: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Exekias

“Achilles and ajax playing a dice game”

Black-figure amphora, 540-530 BCE

Page 10: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Polykleitos, “Spear Bearer,” 450-440 BCE

Myron, “Discus thrower,” 450 BCE

Page 11: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 447-448 BCE

Page 12: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Rome750 BCE- 476 CE

Portrait head of a Roman patrician, 75-50 BCE

Augustus as general, 20 BCE

Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius, 175 CE

Republic of Rome: 200-27 BCE

Roman Empire: until 476 CE

Page 13: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Pantheon, 118-125 CE

Colosseum, 72-80 CE

Page 14: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Basilica Nova (Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine,) 306-312 CE

Page 15: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Byzantine ArtByzantine Empire: 500-1435 CE

Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Now it’s Istanbul ) 532-537

Page 16: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Mosaic details from the interior of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, 526-247

Page 17: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

ICONS!

Page 18: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Japan

Jomon: 10, 500-300 BCE

Yayoi: 300 BCE-300 CE

Jomon cord-marked coil pottery

Yayoi period Dotaku (cast-bronze bell)

Page 19: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Other terms:

Ukiyo-e

Kami

Page 20: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

India

Great Stupa, Sanchi, India

3rd century BCE--1st Century CE

Mandala—sacred diagram of the universe

Page 21: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Vishvanatha Temple, Khajuraho, India, 1000 CE

Page 22: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

China

Army of the First Emperor of Qin, Lintong, China, 210 BCE

Page 23: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Yangshao culture (northeastern China)– 5000-3000 BCE

Earthenware and Stoneware pottery—patterned slip decoration

Page 24: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Examples of Chinese painting, calligraphy, and poetry—the three are closely connected

Page 25: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Medieval Art and Architecture

Romanesque: 1000-1150 CE

Gothic: 1100-1400 CE

Major themes:

Light

Monastic traditions

The quest for HEIGHT

Relics & Pilgrimages

IlluminationBayeux tapestry detail, 1073-1083 CE

Page 26: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Abbey Church of Ste. Foy—Romanesque pilgrimage church

Reims Cathedral—Gothic cathedral

Page 27: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Islamic Art &

Architecture

Terms:

*Minaret

*Mihrab

Cordoba Mezquita, Spain

Page 28: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Stylized, flowing imagery from nature; calligraphic words and poetry

Decorations without human figures!

Page 29: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

The Italian Renaissance

Early Renaissance: 1400-1450

High Renaissance: 1495-1520

Madonna and Child Enthroned, Giotto, 1310

Major Themes:

*Humanism

*Greek influence

*Naturalism; art and architecture informed by math and science

Page 30: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

“David,” Michelangelo, 1504

“The Last Supper,” Leonardo da Vinci, 1495-97

Page 31: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

The Northern Renaissance

1350-1600

Major Themes:

*Emerging merchant class

*Oil paint

*Genre painting

“Arnolfini portrait,” Jan van Eyck, 1434

Page 32: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Mannerism1525-1600

“Madonna of the Long Neck,” Parmigianino, 1534-40

A departure from the naturalism of the renaissance—Stylized, elongated figures and vivid, emotional colors.

“The Holy Trinity,”

El Greco, 1577-79

Page 33: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

The Baroque

1590-1750

A response to the Protestant reformation.

Characterized by strong diagonals, tenebrism, emotional intensity, and high DRAMA.

“The Calling of St. Matthew,” Caravaggio, 1599-1600

Page 34: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Rococo Art18th Century France

“The Swing,” Jean-Honore Fragonard, 1767

Delicate, playful, frivolous art and interior design.

Page 35: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Romanticism 1800-1850

“Youth” from The Voyage of Life, Thomas Cole, 1842

“Saturn Devouring one of his Children,” Goya, 1819-23

Exploration of “The Sublime”

Page 36: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

RealismMid-19th Century

A reaction to romanticism—commonplace scenes without exaggerated emotion.

“The Stone-Breakers,” Gustave Courbet, 1849-50

Page 37: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

ImpressionismLate 19th, Early 20th Century

“Impression, Sunrise,” Claude Monet, 1872

Interested in capturing the ‘feel’ of a moment in time, not the finer details of a scene.

Page 38: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Post-Impressionism

Late 19th, Early 20th Century

Expands upon and employs Impressionist techniques, but with different goals in mind—Emphasis on unnatural colors, geometric forms, and more expressive content.

“Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte,” Georges Seurat, 1884-86

“Vision After the Sermon,” Paul Gauguin, 1888

Page 39: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

African Art

Terra Cotta sculptures

Nok culture: 500BCE-200CE (Nigeria)

Key Characteristics:

*Emphasis on the human figure

*Sculptural art

*Functional/Ritual artworks

*Visual Abstraction

7000 BCE—earliest tribal rock drawings and carvings, showing hunters and animals

Page 40: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Cast bronze head

Yoruba culture, Nigeria 12th century CE

Wooden mask

Dogon culture, Mali

Page 41: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Cubism1907-1920

“Violin and Candlestick,” Georges Braque, 1910

“Les Demoiselles d’Avignon,” Pablo Picasso, 1907

Analytic vs. Synthetic

Representation of multiple surfaces and views of a subject in one image.

Page 42: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Dada1916-1922

An anti-war movement that rejected and mocked the standards of art through multi-media, ‘anti-art’ productions.

“Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in

Germany,” Hannah Hoch, 1919 “Fountain,” Marcel Duchamp, 1917

Page 43: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Social Realism

1920-1940

“Migrant Mother,” Dorothea Lange, 1936

Unglamorous images of social injustice, poverty, and the struggles of the working class.

(Not to be confused with “Socialist Realism,” institutionalized by Josef Stalin at around the same time.)

Page 44: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Abstract Expressionism

1945-1960

*Color Field & Action Painting

*Emotionally charged, non-objective work

“No. 5,” Jackson Pollock, 1948“Red, Orange, tan, and Purple,” Mark Rothko, 1954

Page 45: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Pop Art1950-1960’s

Ironically employs imagery and techniques from popular mass culture, rather than the ‘elitist’ imagery associated with fine art.

“Drowning Girl,” Roy Lichtenstein, 1953

“One Hundred Cans,” Andy Warhol, 1962

Page 46: Prehistoric Art Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual

Postmodern and Contemporary Art1960’s--present

“Postmodern” is used for contemporary artworks that arise from, or react to, trends in modern art movements.

*Installation Art

*Conceptual Art

*Neo-Expressionism

*New Classicism“One and Three Chairs,” Joseph Kosuth, 1965