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Source: Commonwealth of Australia 2006, Bureau of Meteorology (ABN 92 637 533 532)http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/current/soi2.shtml (accessed 3/13/06)
How to Make Climate Predictions ?
• Climate Models– very simple energy balance models– more complicated general circulation models
(GCM’s)
– what to include– what to leave out– how do feedback’s work
Some Modeling Problems:
• generally low level of scientific understanding
• timescales involved
• high spatial resolution required to obtain “useful” results
• computationally expensive
“Low-Tech” Approach
• make very few assumptions about importance of forcings and feedbacks
• keep the math simple (relatively speaking)
• fast model, can do many runs, try many things
• can pick “best” result
• how to decide on “best” result?
Results of Climate Models
• all models predict a rise in temperature due to an increase in atmospheric CO2
• increase most severe in high latitudes– melting of polar ice caps– sea level rise– global cooling ?
• changes in precipitation, soil moisture
So, who cares ?• societal concerns
(economic hardship)
• ecological concerns (survival of other species, ecosystems – why is
this a problem ?)
• ethical concerns(who will be affected the most?)
is global warming by definition a bad thing?
the underlying problem…
http://www.sustainablescale.org/AreasofConcern/Population/PopulationandScale/QuickFacts.aspx