Pre AssessmentElements of Design

• On a note card:– Write your name.– Take one minute to think about how you

would design a room.– Identify three important elements you

should think about before designing and/or decorating a room.

Introduction to Design and Home Decorating

What is your design style?

Contemporary

Coastal Modern

Brief History of DesignEarly Egypt:Interior design dates back to ancient times, as people have decorated as long as they have had houses. The first signs of purposeful interior design were evidenced in the lavishly decorated Egyptian tombs. Romans also carefully arranged their rooms based on the function of the room and the time of year. In the summer they used rooms that took advantage of breezes, and different rooms in the winter that gave extra protection from the cold.Renaissance:During the Italian Renaissance, wealthy people became interested in the arts and began to commission artists to work in their homes. Function, form and decadence were the major themes in the palaces of the wealthy.

Brief History of Design

Interior decorating today is available to people of every income rate and level of skill. Decorating shows on television teach people how do decorate on their own. Modern decorating styles encompass parts of all of the previous decorating periods.

Early American decorating was mostly homemade as people were inspired by the homes of the wealthy. Artisanship and function were the mainstays of this design period.

Early American:

Industrial Revolution:The dawn of industry made interior decorating available to the multitudes. Cheaper home goods and decorating items such as wallpaper, household paint and fabrics caused middle-income families to be more interested in interior design.Modern Times:

The Elements of Design

• There are five elements of design:– Color– Line– Texture– Form– Space

These are the basic tools we need to be familiar with before we start to design and/or decorate.Understanding the nature and uses of these five elements can help us solve all our decorating problems.

The Role of Color in Design

Element of design #1

Color• Color is the most important, versatile,

and distinctive of the elements of design.

• Color is almost always the first thing you notice when entering a room.

• Color can set a mood.• Color can make rooms feel larger or

smaller.• Color can even hide architectural flaws.What is your color personality?

Color Wheel

What are something we already know about the color wheel?

Primary Colors

• Red• Blue • Yellow

With these basic colors we can form all other colors.

Primary ColorsBy mixing equal amounts of red and

blue, we obtain purple; mixing equal amounts of blue and yellow, we obtain green; and by mixing equal amounts of yellow and red, we obtain orange.

Secondary Colors

• Purple• Green• Orange

In order to complete the color wheel, we combine each primary color with the secondary color next to it, to form an

intermediate color.

Tertiary Color• A color resulting from the mixture of

two secondary colors. • A color resulting from the equal mixture

of a primary color with either of the secondary colors adjacent to it on a color wheel.

Complementary Colors

• Two colors that are directly opposite each other on the color wheel.

Components of Color• Hue is the color

feature that makes one color different from others.

• Value is the lightness or darkness of a color.

• Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a color.

• Pigments is substances that absorb some light rays and reflect others.

• Adding white to a hue creates a tint.

– Ex. Pink is a tint of red.

• Adding black to a hue creates a

shade.– Lowers the value

and darkens it.• Adding gray to a hue

creates a tone.

Color Intensity• Measure of a color’s strength or

grayness.• How bright or dull the color is.

– Warm: R,O,Y– Cool: P,B,G

Warm Colors• Warm colors:

red, orange, and yellow– Red and orange

conveys the most warmth.

– Warm colors are suitable for areas of high activity such as kitchens and family rooms.

Cool Colors• Cool colors:

blues, purples, greens– Popular in

bedrooms, bathrooms and home offices because of their relaxing effect.

Color Scheme• A combination of colors selected for a

room design in order to create a mood or set a tone.

• Provides guidelines for designing successfully with color.

• Color schemes look best when one color dominates.

Types of Color Schemes

1. Neutral2. Monochromatic3. Analogous4. Complementary5. Split-Complementary6. Triad

Neutral• Neutral color schemes can be easier

to live with than with vibrant color schemes.

• Often used as background colors in rooms because they blend well with other colors

• Touches of accent colors are usually added for interest.

• Black, white and gray and sometimes browns and beiges.

NeutralWhite - absent of color which provides increased visual space. Whitened backgrounds look light, spacious, and farther away. Hues seem cleaner and crisper when surrounded by white.

Black - mixture of all colors. Sharpens and adds richness to the hues placed next to it. Used generously may create a dramatic and theatrical setting. Accents give richness.

Gray - combination of black and white. Warm grays–welcoming and comforting. Cool grays - tend to be cold and uninviting.

Browns - mixing several colors on the color wheel or neutralizing orange. Often introduced through stained woods. Does not need to match as long as they harmonize. If used in large amounts can create an oppressive or cave-like coziness

Monochromatic

Tints and shades of one color on the color wheel

Monochromatic• Simplest color harmony. • Variation is achieved by changing

the value and intensity of the hue and by adding accents of neutral colors.

• A monochromatic color scheme can make a room appear larger and unified.

Analogous3 to 5 hues next to each other on the color wheel.

AnalogousTend to look best when one hue is dominant and smaller amounts of the additional hues are used to add interest.

Extended Analogous• Utilizes one half of the color wheel.

ComplementaryTwo colors that are

directly opposite each other on the color wheel.

Complementary• Complementary

colors make each other look brighter and more intense.

• For less contrast, the values and intensities can be varied.

Split ComplementaryThree colors, combine one color with

the two colors on each side of its complement.

TriadThree colors that are equal distance apart on the color wheel.

TriadThe three colors can be used in sharp contrast.

By changing value and intensities the contrast can be lessened.

Skill is required to achieve pleasing triad schemes.

Illusions with Color• Warm colored objects appear closer

than cool colored ones.• You can visually enlarge a room by

painting the walls a cool color.• High ceilings painted dark colors

appear lower and a light color will allow a ceiling to seem higher.

• Bold, bright colors make objects stand out.

Affects of Color in a Small Room

Let’s think…

Who discovered the first color wheel?

A. Vincent Van GoghB. Albert EinsteinC. Isaac NewtonD. Ms. Makuta

Sir Isaac NewtonIn 1666, Sir Isaac Newton performed a prism experiment in which he discovered that pure white light contains the full spectrum of colors — in effect, creating the world’s first color wheel. From there, philosophers, scientists, artists and designers have continued studying the components of color and its physical, psychological and philosophical effects.

WARM-UP REVIEW QUESTION:Identify the color scheme:

1 Finger: Monochromatic2 Fingers: Analogous3 Fingers: Complementary

This is an example of a strong bold complementary color scheme.

Review of Color Schemes