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1. When mitochondria are actively carrying out aerobic respiration:

a) the pH of the matrix is greater than the pH of the intermembrane space.

b) the pH of the matrix is less than the pH of the intermembranespace.

c) the pH of the matrix is about the same as the pH of the intermembrane space.

d) the pH of the matrix versus the intermembrane space has nothing to do with

whether not aerobic respiration is occurring.

2. Complex IV of the electron transport chain oxidizes _______, reduces _______, and ______ protons in the process.

a) coenzyme Q, cytochrome c, pumps b) cytochrome c, coenzyme Q, pumps

c) cytochrome c, O2, doesn't pump

d) cytochrome c, O2, pumps

3. Complex III of the electron transport chain oxidizes _______, reduces_______, and ______ protons in the process.

a) coenzyme Q, cytochrome c, pumps

b) coenzyme Q, cytochrome c, doesn't pump

c) cytochrome c, coenzyme Q, pumps

d) cytochrome c, coenzyme Q, doesn't pump

4. Which of the following components of the electron transport chain can only participate in one-electron transfers?

a) NAD

b) FAD

c) Coenzyme Q

d) cytochrome C

5. Complex II of the electron transport chain oxidizes _______, reduces_______, and ______ protons in the process.

a) FADH2, coenzyme Q, doesn't pumpb) FADH2, coenzyme Q, pumps

c) NADH, coenzyme Q, doesn't pumpd) NADH, coenzyme Q, pumps

6. Iron deficiency in a cell can adversely affect electron transport in which of the following molecules?

a) coenzyme Q and FADH2

b) NADH and FADH2c) cytochrome b and cytochrome cd) coenzyme Q and NADH

7. Most of the reactions of electron transport in the mitochondria occur here:

a) The outer membrane

b) The inner membrane.

c) The mitochondrial matrix.

d) The intermembrane space.

8. Electron flow in the mitochondria follows this pathway.

a) Both complex I -> III -> IV and complex II -> III -> IV.

b) Complex II-> complex III -> complex IV.

c) Complex I ->complex III -> complex IV.

d) Complex I -> complex II-> complex III ->complex IV.

9. A characteristic of the glycerol phosphate shuttle is

a) it shuttles NADH across the mitochondrial membrane

b) it shuttles the electrons to the mitochondrial membrane

c) it shuttles FADH2 from cytoplasm to matrix

d) it consumes protons that have been pumped

10. In the reaction above a and b, respectively, are:

a) NADP+ and NADPH

b) NADH and NAD+

c) NAD+ and NADH

d) FAD and FADH2

11. Which of the following best describes carnitine?

a) It transports fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

b) It transports acetyl-CoA to the cytosol for fatty acid synthesis.

c) It's a precursor of cholesterol.

d) It carries growing acyl chains during fatty acid synthesis.

12. The first three reactions of the -oxidation cycle of fatty acids produce

a) two moles of NADH

b) two moles of FADH2c) one mole each of NADH and FADH2 d) two moles of ATP

13. The following vitamins and cofactors are all used in -oxidation, except:

a) Biotinb) Niacinc) Pantothenic acidd) Riboflavin

14. Octanoyl-ACP is extended by 2 carbons, the compound that will accomplish this in the fewest metabolic steps is:

a) acetyl-CoA b) acetyl-ACPc) malonyl-ACPd) ethanol

15. The hormone involved in releasing sugars from storage in mice is

a) ghrelinb) leptinc) insulind) glucagon

True/False (A for True, B for False)

16. The synthesis of ATP in mitochondria is driven by a pH gradient.

17. Peter Mitchels proton motive force is a function of both pH and electrochemical gradients.

18. Cytochrome C can move freely along the matrix side of the innermitochondrial membrane.

19. The aspartate/malate shuttle utilizes a transaminase at the expense of ATP.

20. The mitochondrial ATPase involves a physical rotation of proteins.

True/False (A for True, B for False)21. The mitochondrial ATPase involves proton transport into the matrix.

22. In fatty acid synthesis the oxygen present on carbon in acetylCoA leaves as CO2.

23. Ketone bodies result from insufficient oxaloacetate and excess acetylCoA.

24. Mammals can make glucose from fats by -oxidation followed by gluconeogenesis.

25. In starvation, blood glucose is completely utilized before proteins are sacrificed.

26. The innermost fluidic compartment of a chloroplast is called:

A. the inner membrane space

B. the matrix

C. the stroma

D. the thylakoid space

27. Light reactions begin in the membrane protein complex called:

A. the antenna chlorophyls and carotenoids

B. Photosystem II

C. Photosystem I

D. Cytochrome b6f cluster

28. Red tides are caused by algal blooms with the seawater to becomeing visibly red. This is because these algae:

A. aborb most colors of light except red

B. absorb only red light

C. absorb infrared in addition to red lightD. eat green algae thereby revealing the masked red light29. The reaction carried out by rubisco is to

A. cleave ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate in half making 3PG and DHAP

B. to make oxygen from water

C. to incorporate CO2 into 3 carbon sugars

D. to convert CO2 to fructose

30. The end products of the light reactions of photosynthesis are:

A. O2, a pH gradient and NADPHB. O2, a pH gradient, NADH and NADPHC. O2, a pH gradient, NADPH and acetyl CoAD. plastoquinone, plastocyanin and feredoxin