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Practical 1 Aim :- To study and observe the effect of different
types of channel fading as AWGN and Rayleigh fading on the
Transmitter channel.
Program :-
close all; clear all; clc; fm = 10; fc = 500; m = 1; snr = 0.1;
fd = 100; k = 10; ts = 1*10^(-6); t = 0:0.01:10;
x = cos(2*3.14*fm*t); subplot(6,1,1); plot(x); title('modulating
signal');
y = cos(2*3.14*fc*t); subplot(6,1,2); plot(y); title('carrier
signal');
z = 1 + (m.*x.*y); subplot(6,1,3); plot(z); title('modulated
signal');
s = awgn(z,snr) subplot(6,1,4); plot(s); title('AWGN
signal');
b = rayleighchan(ts,fd) c = filter(b,z); subplot(6,1,5);
plot(c); title('Rayleigh signal');
d = ricianchan(ts,fd,k)
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e = filter(d,z); subplot(6,1,6); plot(e); title('Rician
signal');
Output :-
Conclusion :-
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Practical 2 Aim :- To study and perform modulation and
demodulation BPSK signal through AWGN channel.
Program :-
close all; clear all; clc; t = 0:0.01:1; snr = 100; f = 5; x =
sin(2*3.14*f*t); subplot(6,1,1); plot(x); title('sine wave') y = [1
-1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1]; subplot(6,1,2); plot(y); title('binary signal')
l=1; for n = 1:8 for m = 1:100 z(1,l) = x(1,m).*y(1,n); l = l+1;
end end subplot(6,1,3); plot(z); title('BPSK signal') p =
awgn(z,snr); subplot(6,1,4); plot(p); title('binary signal with
noise') k = 1; for n = 1:8 for m = 1:100 q(1,k) = x(1,m).*p(1,k); k
= k+1; end end subplot(6,1,5); plot(q); title('samples')
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k = 1; avg=0; s = 1; for n = 1:8; for m = 1:100; avg = avg +
q(1,k); k = k+1; end if((avg/100)>0) fin(1,s) = 1; else fin(1,s)
= -1; end s = s+1; end subplot(6,1,6); plot(fin);
title('Demodulated BPSK')
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Output :-
Conclusion :-
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Practical 3 Aim :- Estimate the path loss for a medium size city
using the given data f1=900MHz, f2=1800MHz & distance d=1 km to
30 km.
Program :-
clc; clear all; close all; d=1:1:30 f1=900; f2=1800; hte=30;
hre=2; A1=(1.1*log10(f1)-0.7)*hre-(1.56*log10(f1)-0.8);
A2=(1.1*log10(f2)-0.7)*hre-(1.56*log10(f2)-0.8); PL1=69.55
+26.16*(log10(f1)) -13.82*(log10(hte)) - A1*hre +(44.9
-6.55*(log10(hte)))*log10(d); PL2=69.55 +26.16*(log10(f2))
-13.82*(log10(hte)) - A2*hre +(44.9 -6.55*(log10(hte)))*log10(d);
subplot(2,1,1);plot(PL1);title('Path Loss for 900MHz');
xlabel('Distance(km)'); ylabel('Pathloss(dB)');
subplot(2,1,2);plot(PL2);title('Path Loss for 1800MHz');
xlabel('Distance(km)'); ylabel('Pathloss(dB)');
Output :-
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Conclusion :-
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Practical 4
To observe the BER performance of BPSK system in AWGN
channel
Practical 5
To observe the BER performance of a SISO system with noncoherent
FSK modulation with Rayleigh fading channel.
Practical 6
To observe the BER performance of a SISO system with DPSK
modulation with quasi-static Rayleigh fading channel.
Practical-7
To observe the performance of a 2x2 ZF MIMO (Spatial
multiplexing) system in spatially independent Rayleigh fading
channel.
Practical-8
To observe the BER performance of 2X2 MIMO system with MMSE
detector in spatially independent Rayleigh fading channel.
Practical-9
Write a program which outputs the variance of estimation error
and compare it with theoretical one for one pilot.
Practical-10
Write a program which outputs the variance of estimation error
and compare it with theoretical one for two pilots.
