BALANCED DIET

PRESENTED BY SHITAL SAWANT 2nd yr PB.BSC

NSG

NUTRITION DEFINITION

“Nutrition is defined as the scientific study of food and its relation to health.”

NUTRIENTS Nutrients are chemical component of food that supply nourishment to the body.

NUTRIENTS

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTIONThe human body requires

continue supply of nutrient. These can be achieved by

taking the balanced diet every day.

DEFINITION A balanced diet is one which

includes all nutrients in correct proportion an adequate amount to promote and preserve health.

2. A balanced diet is a diet which supplies all nutrient in adequate amount according to as individual age, sex, and physical activity it also provide appropriate amount of nutrients for growth development, wear and tear of body and small reserve for emergency

Balanced Diet

Balanced Diet

Balanced diet that consists of six important nutrients. These nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and fiber etc

. These proportions vary for each individual because everyone has different metabolic rates and levels of activity

Food pyramid

CARBOHYDRATES

. Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are a rich

source of energy that helps us remain active and healthy. Bread, rice, potato, cereals etc. are some of the rich sources of carbohydrates.

PROTEINS

Proteins: Proteins promote the growth of the body. They are also essential for repairing the tissues and cells of the body. Poultry foods, milk, sea food, curd, cheese, and nuts etc, are full of proteins.

Fats

Fats: Fats are again a good source of energy. Fats are also important to absorb vitamins found in proteins. Oil, butter, cheese, meats, and cream are some of the foods packed with fats.

Vitamins:

Vitamins: vitamins are necessary and are

required by different body systems in order to complete various processes in the body. Variety of fruits and vegetables are high on vitamins.

Minerals

MineralsMinerals : Some of the

important minerals are iron, calcium, sodium, and iodine etc. They perform some of the essential functions in the body. Fruits and vegetables are high on iron, milk and dairy products are rich in calcium, sodium and iodine is found in salts and some vegetables.

Fiber:

Fiber: Fibers are essential for the digestion and make a person full for a longer time. Fruits and vegetables are again rich sources of dietary fibers. You must include raw salads in your daily diet to get some roughage for the intestine

PRINCIPLES OF BALANCE DIET

PRINCIPLES OF BALANCE DIET

A balance diet meet the nutritional need of individual and family.

Well balance diet provides carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water.

It is cost effective, cheap and easily available.

Nutritive values of food is improved and enhanced by sprouting and fermenting.

Cont….

Individual like and dislike food allergies are considered while planning well balance diet.

It provides variety in meals. Advice to eat fresh food in the

form of salads.Include vegetables and fruits in

daily diet.Uses mixed cereals and pulses in

diet.

ROLE OF NURSE PREPARING A BALANCE DIET

ROLE OF NURSE PREPARING A BALANCE DIET

While preparing diet menu the nurse must be aware about balance diet and its component.

Patient should be explained about the balanced diet and also the various food groups which come under it.

Cont…Budgeting should keep in mind

while planning balance dietLike and dislike should

considered by nurse while planning a balance diet

The diet should be plan according to need of client and as per the condition of the client.

 

Cont…

While planning the balance diet menu the nurse should keep in a mind about following points,

:- Physiological factor :- social and economical value

:- cultural beliefs :- AvailabilityNurse should explain hygienic

practice while preparing food

Well balance diet

Well balance diet

It is also defined as a diet which contain different type of nutrients in such a quantities and proportion according to the age,sex,physical activities and physiological stress.

Eg. During pregnancy, lactation, physical stress , growing age there is increase in need for well balanced diet.

Cont…WHO has recommended that 75

% of diet should consist of cereals which provide energy .

15% of energy derived from fat .5% should come from sugar and

jaggery. 

Goal of balance diet

60 to70% CARBOHYDRATE

10 to20% PROTEIN

20 to 25% FAT

FACTOR WHICH AFFECT BALANCED DIET

Finances The Food Standards Agency states

that those living under low-income restrictions eat less fresh vegetables , which often cost more than less nutritious foods.

Eating DisordersEating disorders such as anorexia affect

diet and eating habits,those who have eating disorders are at an increased risk of anemia, hair loss.

Cont..

Stress Stress causes a variety of behaviors in

some, ranging from not eating to overeating. For some, stress causes upset stomach or intestinal disorders like diarrhea or constipation.

Medical Conditions Medical conditions both acute and

chronic, along with treatments for such conditions, can cause eating disruption.

IMPORTANCE OF A BALANCED DIET

Disease Prevention Eating a balanced diet is the easiest

way to protect yourself from many of the diseases associated with aging, including diabetes and heart disease.

Meeting Nutritional Needs Healthy foods contain vitamins and

minerals that boost immunity and serve as natural protection from many common illnesses.

Cont..

Weight Control A balanced diet can also help

maintain weight Proper Sleep Eating heavy, oily foods can

cause insomnia

Cont..

Quality of Life Eating a balanced diet is

important because it allows to enjoy life, have more energy, feel less stress.

FACTORS INFLUENCING FOOD SELECTION

In periods of growth or vigorous physical activity, we are likely to be hungry which will influence the foods we eat.

Eg .Younger children have small stomachs and are not able to eat large amounts of food at one time .

PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS.

LIFESTYLE FACTORSSedentary lifestyle Active, moderate workerThese things have influence on

food selection

FAMILY AND CULTURE FACTORS

. Family is one of the strongest influences on food choice.

The family is where we learn food preparation skills that will influence our food choices through life.

. Different cultural groups often have different religious beliefs, which can influence the foods selected.

Eg. The Christian practice of not eating meat on good Friday or the Hindu beliefs about not eating beef.

PEERS – A SOCIAL FACTOR

Children may wish to eat the same kinds of food as their friends and perhaps eat at the same places.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTOR

Socio-economic factor is having a greater impact on food selection.

Social values as well as cultural believes of a person will affect the food selection

family’s food choices are therefore affected by a lack of money

MEDIA

We are constantly bombarded by messages about food in all forms of media - television, radio, newspapers and magazines.

.

TECHNOLOGY

Technological changes have seen the production of a greater variety of foods available

MARKETING AND BUGETING

MARKETING AND BUGETING

People generally spend a lot of money on food and its prepration.it cannot be definitely stated that a specific amount of money should be spent on food but roughly the following division of expenditure on food may work as a guideline

25% on meat fish eggs, cheese,poultry and pulses 20% on milk. 20% on fruits and vegetables 20% on cereals , bread and biscuits. 15% on fat and sweet . If storage space is available in house, one can store

food items like rice, wheat,dal,oil,sugar and jiggery during the seasons in which they are available in plenty and relatively lower cost than in the off-season

RESEARCH EVIDENCE

A recent study from Sweden provides evidence for simple risk reduction of cancer by eating fatty fish

Importance of fish in cancer prevention Fish may help prevent oesophageal cancer

and reduce the risk of kidney cancer and lung cancer

Fish oil helps patient with pancreatic cancer i.e cachexia(abnormally low weight general bodily decline ) is common in patient suffering from pancreatic cancer. Cachexia makes patient more prone to infection. Fish oil supplementation can half and even reverses the cachexia in patient with pancreatic cancer.

SUMMERY

CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Joshi shubhangini, nutrition and dietetics, balance diet,tata mc graw hill publishing company limited, new Delhi, second edition.

Ppno.142,537.Shreelaxmi, nutrition and diet practice ,

jaypee publication , third edition ppno.764.Onila salins, essence of nutrition , nutritive

value of food , jaypee brother publication, first edition ,2005, ppno.55-58

Www.Wikipedia .ComWww.Google.Com / balance diet.

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