Portuguese

Made by-Vibhansh,Vaishnavi,Gauri,Harsh and

Yash

Portuguese

• In this presentation we are going to explain about the followings topics:

1. Introduction

2. First Portuguese

3. Industrialization

4. More about Portuguese

5. Portuguese Influence in Asia

6. Important Dates

Introduction

• In the sixteenth century, the Portuguese established a monopoly over trade between Asia and Europe by managing to prevent rival powers from using the water routes between Europe and the Indian Ocean. However, with the rise of the rival Dutch East India Company, Portuguese influence in Asia was gradually eclipsed.

• Dutch forces first established independent bases in the and then between 1640 and 1660 wrestled Malacca, Ceylon, some southern Indian ports, and the lucrative Japan trade from the Portuguese.

Introduction

• Later, the English and the French established settlements in India and established a trade with China and their own acquisitions would gradually surpass those of the Dutch.

Vasco da Gama

• The first Portuguese encounter with India was on 20 May 1498 when Vasco da Gama reached Calicut on Malabar Coast. Anchored off the coast of Calicut, the Portuguese invited native fishermen on board and immediately brought some Indian items. One Portuguese accompanied the fishermen to the port and met with a Tunisian Muslim. On the advice of this man, Gama sent a couple of his men to Ponnani to meet with ruler of Calicut, the Zamorin.

Industrialization

• Before the Industrial Revolution in the mid-to-late nineteenth century, demand for oriental goods remained the driving force behind European imperialism, and the European stake in Asia remained confined largely to trading stations and strategic outposts necessary to protect trade.

• Industrialization, however, dramatically increased European demand for Asian raw materials; and the severe Long Depression of the 1870s provoked a scramble for new markets for European industrial products and financial services in Africa, the Americas, Eastern Europe, and especially in Asia.

More about Portuguese

• Portuguese monopoly over trade in the Indian Ocean Early in the 16th century Afonso de Albuquerque emerged as the Portuguese colonial viceroy most instrumental in consolidating Portugal's holdings in Africa and in Asia.

More about Portuguese

• He understood that Portugal could wrest commercial supremacy from the Arabs only by force, and therefore devised a plan to establish forts at strategic sites which would dominate the trade routes and also protect Portuguese interests on land.

• In 1510, he seized Goa in India, which enabled him to gradually consolidate control of most of the commercial traffic between Europe and Asia, largely through trade.

• In 1752 Mozambique got its own separate government and in 1844 the Portuguese Government of India stopped administering the territory of Macau, Solor and Timor, and its authority was confined to the colonial holdings on the Malabar coast of India.

Portuguese Influence in Asia

• Europeans started to carry on trade from forts, acting as foreign merchants rather than as settlers. In contrast, early European expansion in the West Indies, (later known to Europeans as a separate continent from Asia that they would call the Americas) following the 1492 voyage of Christopher Columbus, involved heavy settlement in colonies that were treated as political extensions of the mother countries.

Portuguese Influence in Asia

• Lured by the potential of high profits from another expedition, the Portuguese established a permanent base south of the Indian trade port of Calicut in the early 15th century. In 1510, the Portuguese seized Goa on the coast of India, which Portugal held until 1961. The Portuguese soon acquired a monopoly over trade in the Indian Ocean.

• By 1557, the Portuguese gained a permanent base in China at Macau, which they held until 1999. The Portuguese, based at Goa and Malacca, had now established a lucrative maritime empire in the Indian Ocean meant to monopolize the spice trade. The Portuguese also began a channel of trade with the Japanese, becoming the first recorded Westerners to have visited Japan. This contact introduced Christianity and fire-arms into Japan.

Portuguese Influence in Asia

• By 1557, the Portuguese gained a permanent base in China at Macau, which they held until 1999. The Portuguese, based at Goa and Malacca, had now established a lucrative maritime empire in the Indian Ocean meant to monopolize the spice trade. The Portuguese also began a channel of trade with the Japanese, becoming the first recorded Westerners to have visited Japan. This contact introduced Christianity and fire-arms into Japan.

Important Dates

• Portuguese in India

• Vasco da Gama sets anchor in the port of Calicut on Malabar Coast 1498.

• Between 1498 and 1502 a factory was established in Calicut that worked as warehouse.

• Pedro Alvarez Cabral attacked a Muslim vessel and in retaliation the Muslims slaughtered the Portuguese merchants stationed in the factory.

• Vasco da Gama returned in 1502 to slaughter the Muslims.

Important Dates

• The architect of Portuguese Indian Empire, Dom Alfonso d’Albuquerque was the viceroy from 1509 to 1515. In 1510 he seized the island of Goa from Bijapur sultan. Dom d’Albuquerque had close association with the Vijayanagaraking, Krishna Deva Raya.

• 1542 first of the Jesuit missionaries arrived in India to proselytize Hindus and Muslims.

• Battle of Talikot in 1565. The victory of Muslim kingdoms over Vijayanagara Empire started the decline of Portuguese power in India.

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