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shop, the processing of that data can4t be done at the spot and all the old registers haveto be gone through to nd the record needed.
"%IINS AND #"%!S "# DATA)ollected 5orms are attached in anne/ure A6
Billing Invoice Form:his form contains the following data6
1umber 2 %ni"ue number written at top of each billing invoice
Date 2 he date on which the invoice is given to the
owner of the vehicle
7ehicle 1umber 2 8egistration number of the vehicle
Make 2 he manufacturer of the vehicle
Model 2 he year the vehicle was manufactured )olour 2 he colour of the vehicle
)hassis 1umber 2 he chassis number of the vehicle
9ngine 1umber 2 he engine number of the vehicle
Meter 8eading 2 he number of km3miles the vehicle has travelled
Messrs 2 he name of the person4s company
Description 2 he part3parts repaired in the vehicle
Amount 2 he cost of each part and service
otal 2 he total cost of all the parts and repairs
All the data mentioned above is entered by Mr. Sunil himself when the bill is issued. he
data is issued to avoid any miscalculations in the transactions made at the end of themonth. his data helps the owner to be rela/ed as every transaction goes down in therecord and minimum chance of mistakes and theft are there. Also this data helps him tocalculate his prots and losses. All this data helps run the shop in a tip2top condition. hisform is the most signicant in the business as it helps to apprehend all the transactionsmade and can also be used to forecast future prots.
Checking-in Form:his form contains the following data6
)ustomer 1ame 2 he name of the customer
Date 2 he date the vehicle is checked in the Shop
Due2Date 2 he date on which the owner checks2out the vehicle
I1 2 0hen the car checks in the person checks this
column
&% 2 0hen the car checks out the person checks
this column
All the data mentioned in this form is lled by the representative. his data helps inmanaging the number of cars which go I1 and &% of the shop. his data helps in thecalculations of the prots and loss and the number of cars checking I1 and &% per day.
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Investigation and Analysis
Investigation Plan
In order to gure out the solution to Mr. Sunil!s problem, I decided to monitor the current
system used personally. I would be spending a few hours at the workshop, noting down
areas where the current system lacks.
o get more precise information about the system. I will conduct interviews with Mr. Suni
to get to know precisely what he wants. &bserving the current system from the workshop
would help me to pinpoint the areas where the system lacks and needs improvement. his
way I would be able to present a a feasible solution for Mr.Sunil to approve.
I would plan an interview in which I would ask some "uestions about how the systemworks there, where does the system lack , the things which I could not pin point while
observing the system . Interview would help me to know e/actly what Mr. Sunil wants in
the new system I would devise for him. he interview I plan would consist of "uestions
that arose when I was observing the system myself.
Interviews and observations are a key part of analy$ing the current system in use to
develop a better and precise outcome of the solution. Interviews would help Mr.Sunil to
convey to me what he actually wants in his system and the di:culties he faces in the
current system in use. &bserving the system leads to a better analysis, I would be able to
nd technical areas of the system where it lacks. As Mr. Sunil is not so much into
computers he does not know much detail about them too. So these problems might
escape Mr.Sunil.
"bservationMr.Sunil told me that the system shows weakness when the workload is increased. he
system works e:ciently when workload is at a minimum. Manual generation of slips is a
very tiresome task which re"uires a lot of concentration. I observed that the system would
be better if the calculations were done automatically. his reduces the chance of errors inthe invoices. I also noticed the lack of proper database management. revious records
were hard to nd. It was a time consuming task and alone Mr.Sunil got stressed while
performing it. Mr.Sunil had been generating invoices manually for a long time. -e could
use some hired help for that task. he ling system was in e:cient. his led to the
invoices getting lost which proved nancial losses for him. he system at the busiest of
hours was very crowded and this got Mr.Sunil getting confused leading to ma#or
calculations in invoices.
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Intervie ith !r. Sunil
/hony6 0ould you care to tell me something about the current system you are using;
!r.Sunil6 0ell, we have one sales recording register from where the invoices are
generated. I manually do all the calculations and generate the invoices. he parts repaired
and some basic information about the car is included in the invoices like the make, model,
color, and engine and chassis number.
/hony6 0hat in your in your opinion is the drawback in your system which has lead you
think that you need a new system;
!r.Sunil6 the ma#or drawback is that it is time consuming. )reating all the invoices
manually is a very hectic task. And also to maintain a record of the parts repaired in each
car. -ere the accuracy is challenged. Since humans are not perfect, I am also bound to
make mistake one day or the other which could lead the company to a loss of money.
/hony6 0hat changes do you wish to see in your new system;
!r.Sunil6 I would like the new system to be fast and e:cient. Manual work should be
reduced to a minimum. Accuracy in preparing the invoices should be there.
/hony6 hank you Mr. Mr.Sunil for your time. I!ll get back to you as soon as I come up with
solutions to your problem.
!r.Sunil6 -ope to see you soon then.
/hony
!r.Sunil
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Analysis o the intervieAfter interviewing the the owner I have analyzed that there are few areas on which I have to concentrate
The major prolem !r. "#nil faces at the moment is lac$ of time% therefore a sol#tion is to e designed
which is m#ch more efficient and saves the time of the owner. &hat I oserved% the time cons#ming tas$is generating the invoice and searching of the records. Therefore the sytem designed sho#ld e less time
cons#ming. It sho#ld e fast eno#gh to meet the re'#irement of the #ser
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System #lo hart o urrent method used
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Problems in the urrent SystemAs stated above the ma#or problem in the current system is of generating invoices
manually. his causes Mr. Mr.Sunil to make blunders sometimes in calculations. And
managing the data is also very hectic, to keep a record of the invoices. ransactions made
throughout the month are calculated at the end of each month. his is also done manually
so it becomes a tiresome task which is also not accurate sometimes because of blunders.
he current system works properly if work load is less throughout the month because if
less invoices are generated, the cumulative total is small and more accurate and free of
errors. Data management is also easy. If workload is more then the system malfunctions.
9rrors are present in the invoices. Data is not managed properly which leads to a nancia
loss to Mr. Mr.Sunil.
Since the copy of the invoices are all kept in les and registers and for the safekeeping of
the data Mr. Mr.Sunil keeps them at home, so to tally previous records he has to go
through all the bundles of invoices until he gets the desired invoice. his process takes a
lot of time. his is the second problem faced by him.
%e0uirement S1e2if2ation
After a detailed analysis of the current system, I can make the following re"uirement
specications.
It should be user friendly
9asy to adopt
he working of the new system should be similar to that of the current system
he facility to search specic records should be present
)alculations should all be done automatically
%ser allowed to perform addition, deletion and editing of data should be there and
the results e=ected should be automatically updated
he system should have an ability to generate reports on di=erent business
scenarios e.g. business forecasts, monthly and yearly transaction reports.
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Alternative Solutions
In2reasing Number o m1loyees&ne of the solutions is to increase the number of employees as Mr. Mr.Sunil faces problemwith the system when the work load is ma/imum. -iring of other person will help him toaccurately generate invoices
Database Sotare
Database software is easily available in the market and Microsoft Access is one of the mostpopular. 5orms such as the sales entry form and search form could easily be created usingthe built in tools. Access is easy to use and provides features which will help develop thesystem meeting our re"uirements. It allows e:cient searching of records and reportgeneration
S1read Sheet Sotare
his software stores data in a tabular form and keeps it organi$e. It is easily available inthe market and usually comes with the Microsoft &:ce Suite. his is not an ideal solutionbecause it will not meet all the re"uirements stated previously such as an e:cientsearching facility is not available in the spread sheet software.
/hony !r.Sunil
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$ardare %e0uirements
Intel entium > *. ?-$Supported motherboard with built in (A1, ?raphics and sound@* MB DD8 8AM>C ?B -ard diskMouse'eyboard*@ MonitorInk#et rinter
9/tra -ardware6 0riteable )ds or 5lash Drives will be re"uired to make back ups.
Sotare %e0uirementsMicrosoft Access CCE6 his software will be used to develop the system.Microsoft 0indows Fp6 It is the most ine/pensive and easily available software in themarket. It also supports the recent version of Microsoft &:ce CCE.
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(b) Design
Nature o Solution"b3e2tives o the System
In order to design a system which completely solves the problem, I must e/actly know
what Mr Sunil wants from me. 0hat he re"uires that the system should provide. o achieve
that I had a second interview with mr Sunil. All the re"uirements are listed in the
re"uirement specication.
+ser #riendly
To develo1 a system ith in2reased a22ura2y
To develo1 a system ith 0ui24 sear2hing o 1revious re2ords
To develo1 a system hi2h is ast
To develo1 a normali5ed to the third level database
To automati2ally generate re1orts
/hony
!r.Sunil
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Data 2olle2tionhe data would be collected from the invoices. Since Mr.Sunil uses only invoices to note
down all the details of the transaction being made. hat is the only record of all the
customers and and the transactions. his data would then be entered into tables whichwould then generate the forms and reports of the new computeri$ed system.
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Data Tableshe ways in which data is planned to be input in the tables is shown below. his is the waythe tables would be named. he eld names for every particular table are also givenbelow, along with their particular validation rules.
ustomer Inormation Table
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data 'ength Des2ri1tion 6alidation he24
)ustomer Id 1umber his is the primarykey of the table
2
)ustomer 1ame e/t G 1ame of thecustomer
2
)ustomer)ontact 1o 1umber *H )ontact number of customer 5ormat
6ehi2le Inormation Table
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data 'ength Des2ri1tion 6alidation he24
7ehicle1umber
e/t *C his is the primarykey of the table
2
)ustomer Id5oreign keyJ
1umber 7ia (ook2up0i$ard, the
)ustomer Id isselected here
2
Make e/t *C Manufacturer of the car
2
Model 1umber > he year the carwas manufactured
2
)olor e/t + )olor of the car 2
)hassis1umber
e/t C )hassis number ofthe car
2
9ngine1umber
e/t C 9ngine number ofthe car
2
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Transa2tion Inormation Table
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data'ength
Des2ri1tion 6alidationhe24
ransactionId
1umber his is theprimary key of
the table
2
ransactionDate
Date3ime *C he date thetransaction was
made
2
7ehicle1umber5or
eign keyJ
e/t *C 7ia (ook2up0i$ard, the
7ehicle numberis selected here
2
Meterreading
1umber H 1umber of kilometers the
vehicle hastraveled
2
Due Date Date3ime *C he date the caris returned to the
customer
2
In Kes31o * )heck in bo/ 2
&ut Kes31o * )heck out bo/ 2
otal )urrency otal amount ofall the services
and partsinstalled
5ormat
Transa2tion Detail Table
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data 'ength Des2ri1tion 6alidation he24
ransactiondetail Id
1umber his is the primarykey of the table
2
ransactionId5oreignkeyJ
1umber 7ia (ook2up0i$ard, the
ransaction Id isselected here
2
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Description e/t H> Description of theparts serviced andinstalled
2
Amount )urrency Amount of eachpart and service
2
1(
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ntity %elationshi1 Diagram
1)
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1+
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2,
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6ehi2le Inormation #orm
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"ut1ut S2reens Design
ustomer Inormation %e1ort
6ehi2le Inormation %e1ort
24
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Transa2tion Details %e1ort
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Pro2ess Design
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Intended benefts
he system is intended to give a lot of benets, out of which, a few are given below6
'ess rrors
2)
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Data Stru2tures
ustomer Inormation
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data 'ength
)ustomer Id 1umber
)ustomer 1ame e/t G
)ustomer )ontact 1o 1umber *H
otal si$e of a record in bytes @H
&verhead H*.H
otal si$e of *CC records H*HC
6ehi2le Inormation
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data 'ength
7ehicle 1umber e/t *C
)ustomer Id5oreign keyJ
1umber
Make e/t *C
Model 1umber >
)olor e/t +
)hassis 1umber e/t C
9ngine 1umber e/t C
otal si$e of a record in bytes *
&verhead .*
otal si$e of *CC records *CC
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Transa2tion Inormation
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data 'ength
ransaction Id 1umber
ransaction Date Date3ime *C
7ehicle 1umber5oreignkeyJ
e/t *C
Meter reading 1umber H
Due Date Date3ime *C
In Kes31o *
&ut Kes31o *
otal )urrency
otal si$e of a record in bytes @>
&verhead @.>
otal si$e of *CC records @>CC
Transa2tion Details
#ield Name Data Ty1e Data 'ength
ransaction detail Id 1umber ransaction Id5oreign
keyJ1umber
Description e/t H>
Amount )urrency
otal si$e of a record in bytes
&verhead .
otal si$e of *CC records CC
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Ad3ustmentsIt4s not #ust about developing a system and making any one sit on a pc to manage all thethings. here has to be skilled labor and in order to use the system correctly and take itsma/imum advantage, the user has to be trained.
here needs to be an air conditioner to cool down the computer because it would be openall day. And it gets e/hausted.A proper computer back rest chair has to be purchased to avoid the user from having backache due to sitting on computer for all day.Monitor4s anti2glare screen needs to be there, placed on the monitor, in order to avoid8epetitive Strain In#ury 8SIJ.
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(2) Sotare Develo1ment, Testing and Im1lementation
Develo1ment and Testing
Develo1ment
ustomer Inormation
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Datasheet vie
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6ehi2le Inormation
3(
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3)
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Design view
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Datasheet view:
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Transa2tion Details
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Design view:
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Datasheet view:
4)
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Transaction Information Form and Transaction Detail Table subform
These two forms are comined together to ma$e a single form
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Vehicle Information Form
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Queries Used
SQL:
SELECT [Transaction Detail Table].[Transaction Id], [Customer Information].[Customer Id],
[Transaction Information Table].[Vehicle number], [Transaction Information Table].[eter !eadin"],[Transaction Information Table].[Due Date], [Transaction Detail Table].Descri#tion, [Transaction
Detail Table].$mount, [Transaction Information Table].Total
%!& ''[Customer Information] I((E! )&I( [Vehicle Information Table] &( [CustomerInformation].[Customer Id] * [Vehicle Information Table].[Customer Id]+ I((E! )&I( [TransactionInformation Table] &( [Vehicle Information Table].[Vehicle (umber] * [Transaction Information
Table].[Vehicle number]+ I((E! )&I( [Transaction Detail Table] &( [Transaction Information
Table].[Transaction Id] * [Transaction Detail Table].[Transaction Id]-E!E '''[Transaction Detail Table].[Transaction Id]+*[%orms][Customer Information %orm]
[Customer Id]++/
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Reports Used
Customer Information Report
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Invoice
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Transaction Detail Report
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Testing
TSTN". 7
"&/TI6o save a record to a table.
TSTDATA )lick the save button.
8PTD%S+'T 8ecord successfully saved.
viden2e 8efer to the screen shot
TSTN". 9
"&/TI6o check if the customer contact number eld accepts data that is input
according to the type of the eld.
TSTDATA (C*J2+E2*G@
8PTD%S+'The test data being allowed to be input without any hurdle.
viden2e 8efer to the screen shot
TSTN". :
"&/TI6o edit a record and the record being changed in all the related forms
and tables.
8PTD%S+'The data would be changed in the e/isting form as well as in all
the related forms and tables
viden2e 8efer to the screen shot
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TSTN". ;
"&/TI6o enter a certain criterion and the desired results are displayed..
8PTD%S+'The desired result fullling the criterion will be displayed.
TSTN".
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Test No
"b3e2tiveo check whether adding an item in a transaction, updates the total
@1e2ted %esult0hen the amount is clicked the total gets updated
viden2e 8efer to the screen shot
Test No 7B
"b3e2tiveo check whether it is allowed to enter a customer which is not present
in the customer table
@1e2ted %esult An error message should be displayed not allowing this action
viden2e 8efer to the screen shot
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Test 7
(1
The save #tton was clic$ed.
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Ater the save button is 1ressed
(2
The record was saved
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Test 9
(3
-#stomer contact n#mer
entered
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Test :
(5
-#stomer name entered
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Ater the data is enterd it is being vieed in the orm
((
-#stomer name viewed with
c#stomer Id in form.
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()
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(*
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Test ;
(+
I entered
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),
ata related to I shown
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Test
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Invoice of the ID displayed
)2
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)3
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Test =
)4
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)5
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Test >
)(
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)*
-onfirmation message to deleterecord
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he record was deleted
)+
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Test
*,
Total sho#ld e #pdated after
clic$ing this.
Total was #pdated
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Test 7B
*1
This c#stomer is not present in the
c#stomer information tale.
/rror message was displayed.
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(ii) Im1lementation
/vidence that the end #ser is wor$ing with the system
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*3
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hosen !ethod o Im1lementation
After all the analysis is carried out, it is decided to go with parallel implementationhis is because if any errors or recommendations occur in the new system, it would
be easy to switch back to the older system, and do the things as they were carriedout in the past.
Debugging
he software was checked and tested step by step to ensure desired functionalityof the software. All checks were tried and tested with real life data as well as madeup date. My client had no problem with the software and is satised with all theoutputs of the system.I tested the program and removed all errors from it. I made a lot of mistakes. 0hilecoding, I missed a dot or two, which caused me a bit of trouble during running the
system. his, I checked and removed. hen, the search option by phone was notworking properly, as the records were not being shown properly as whole. Somewere visible while others were not. All checks were performed and tested with reallife data and made up2to2date. he user had no problems with the software.
+ser-training
roper training would be given to the user who would be using the software. hesoftware is not that di:cult to use. Ket complete support and guidance would begiven to the user so that she learns to use the software well. Apart from that, user
manual is going to be prepared which the user can refer anytime for any type ofhelp in the system or to nd the meaning of any term used anywhere in thesystem. If the user is changed for any reason, it would not be di:cult enough for anew user to learn anything because the user manual is a complete source of helpfor the user. And if any further changes need to be made in the system, the analystcan consult the technical documentation.
Installation
After it was insured that the system is free from errors and my client is satisedwith it, the system was installed and put into action and now system is under use
by sta= for the manipulation, and by the management for generating desiredreports. Before installation some measures should be taken to secure theperformance of the system.
hangeover
It is decided to go with parallel implementation. his is because if any errors orrecommendations occur in the new system, it would be easy to switch back to the
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older system, and do the things as they were carried out in the past. &ther thanthat it would be helpful for the user to get used to the new system as the oldsystem would always be there for any sort of assistance needed. After a limitedtime period, when the ser understands the system completely, the manual systemwill be ended and all the work would be managed on the computer using the
system that is being designed.
(iii) A11ro1riateness o stru2ture and e@1loitation o availablea2ilities
$ardare amendments
he hardware already specied above is the best "uality hardware and hopefully itwould not crash nor would it need to be changed. Ket if anything occurs, arenowned analyst should be consulted before changing any sort of hardware.
Sotare amendments
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Already the best software is used and a great database system is developed.Ket, if the system needs any further alteration, in the future, any analyst canbe consulted. 5or the help of the analyst, technical documentation is writtenso that it becomes easier to understand and amend the system according to
the user re"uirements.(d) Do2umentation
Te2hni2al Do2umentation
$ardare %e0uirements
Intel entium > *. ?-$Supported motherboard with built in (A1, ?raphics and sound@* MB DD8 8AM>C ?B -ard diskMouse'eyboard*@ MonitorInk#et rinter
9/tra -ardware6 0riteable )ds or 5lash Drives will be re"uired to make back ups.
Sotare %e0uirementsMicrosoft Access6 his software will be used to develop the system.Microsoft 0indows Fp6 0indows F rofessional is one of the most commonly usedoperating systems around. It is the re"uired since it supports Microsoft &:ce CCE,which includes Microsoft Access, in which the database is created
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Input Reuirements
Customer Information:
Field !ame Data T"pe Data #ength Reuirements
-#stomer Id 0#mer * Auto2?eneratingrimary key
)annot
remain a nulleld
-#stomer 0ame Tet 32 )annote/ceed Gcharacters
)annotremain a null
eld-#stomer -ontact Tet 1( Should be at
least *Hdigits
*)
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Vehicle Information:
Transa2tion Inormation Table
Field !ame Data Ty1e Data'ength
%e0uirements
ransactionId
1umber rimary 'ey
)annot remain a null eld
ransactionDate
Date3ime *C Automatically convertedto medium date
7ehicle1umber5or
eign keyJ
e/t *C 5oreign key
Meterreading
1umber H )annot remain a null eld
Due Date Date3ime *C Automatically converted
to medium date
**
Field !ame Data Ty1e Data 'ength %e0uirements
7ehicle1umber e/t *C rimary 'ey
)annot 8emain a 1ull
eld
)ustomer Id5oreign keyJ
1umber 7ia (ook2up 0i$ard, the)ustomer Id is selectedhere
5oreign 'ey
Make e/t *C )annot e/ceed *C
characters
Model 1umber > Should Be at least >digits
)olor e/t + )annot e/ceed +
characters
)hassis1umber
e/t C Should be at least C
digits
9ngine1umber
e/t C Should be at least C
digits
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In Kes31o * Select from Kes31o
&ut Kes31o * Select from Kes31o
otal )urrency Automatically converted
to two decimal places
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$ntit" Relationship Diagram:
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%creen Used:
Customer Information Form
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Transaction Information Form and Transaction Detail Table subform
These two forms are comined together to ma$e a single form
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Vehicle Information Form
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Queries Used
SQL:
SELECT [Transaction Detail Table].[Transaction Id], [Customer Information].[Customer Id],
[Transaction Information Table].[Vehicle number], [Transaction Information Table].[eter !eadin"],[Transaction Information Table].[Due Date], [Transaction Detail Table].Descri#tion, [Transaction
Detail Table].$mount, [Transaction Information Table].Total
%!& ''[Customer Information] I((E! )&I( [Vehicle Information Table] &( [CustomerInformation].[Customer Id] * [Vehicle Information Table].[Customer Id]+ I((E! )&I( [TransactionInformation Table] &( [Vehicle Information Table].[Vehicle (umber] * [Transaction Information
Table].[Vehicle number]+ I((E! )&I( [Transaction Detail Table] &( [Transaction Information
Table].[Transaction Id] * [Transaction Detail Table].[Transaction Id]-E!E '''[Transaction Detail Table].[Transaction Id]+*[%orms][Customer Information %orm]
[Customer Id]++/
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Reports Used
Customer Information Report
+(
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Invoice
+)
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Data Di2tionary
ustomer IDhis )ustomer ID is the rimary 'ey of this table
ustomer Namehis is the eld where the name of the )ustomer would besaved
ustomer onta2t Numberhis is the eld where the telephone number of the)ustomer would be saved
Transa2tion IDhis is the ransaction ID, the rimary 'ey of this table
Datehis is the date when the invoice is created
Transa2tion Detail IDhis is the primary key of the transaction detail table
6ehi2le numberhis is the primary key of the vehicle information table
Amounthis the eld where the price of the serviced part would be saved
Total his is the eld where the total price of all the serviced parts would besaved
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+ser Do2umentationSee appendi/ for user documentation
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(e) valuation
(i) Dis2ussion o the degree o su22ess in meeting theoriginal ob3e2tives.
%e0uirement S1e2if2ation and real-time 2om1arison
hese were the re"uirements the system was supposed to full6
It should be user riendly
he system is very user friendly as it includes features which help the user to adapt to
the system very "uickly for e.g buttons in forms
asy to ado1t
he system is easy to adopt as it comes with a user manual and the user can only refer
to it of any problem occurs
The or4ing o the ne system should be similar to that o the 2urrent
system
he new system is based on the foundation of the old system so that the user can
easily identify the elds which were there before and data entry can be made simple
The a2ility to sear2h s1e2if2 re2ords should be 1resent
he records can be searched easily as of the search option present in the software
9vidence is shown in the est >
al2ulations should all be done automati2ally
All )alculations are done automatically by the software. 9vidence is shown in est *C
+ser alloed to 1erorm addition, deletion and editing o data should be
there and the results eCe2ted should be automati2ally u1dated
he software provides the user with the add, delete and edit buttons which are shown
in ests *, G and +
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(ii)valuate the users res1onse to the systemSee appendi/ for user4s response
(iii)Desirable e@tensions
9verything is completed that Mr.Sunil asked me to do. All his re"uirements arefullled and she is also happy with the system. he billing, customer detailseverything is going perfect. My client, Mr. Sunil, already gave me enough time and
I have been able to succeed in every part of the system4s design. So, there4snothing like anything not been done due to lack of time. 9verything I was asked todo has been done.he system is implemented is not a *CCL perfect and lacks at places, but is muchmore e:cient than the last system which was in use. I am satised with thecurrent system implemented as it has covered the problem Mr. Sunil faced earlier.Al the forms, Interfaces and reports are su:cient enough to fulll his re"uirements.he system implemented is ade"uate but it can be improved further in the dataanaly$ing section. ?eneration of monthly reports in form of graphs and charts canbe used to forecast the peak hours of business and when transactions are greatesthis would have helped the end user to analy$e the data better.