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Public Private Partnership
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PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
1
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN
MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS
Jakarta, May 6-8, 2013
Workshop Report
Date August 30, 2013
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN
MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS
Jakarta, May 6-8, 2013
Workshop Report
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
3
Colophon
Organizations Indonesian Heritage Trust (BPPI)
Directorate General of Spatial Planning,
Ministry of Public Work (PU), Indonesia
Cultural Heritage Agency (RCE),Ministry of
Education, Culture and Science, the Netherlands
Project name Workshop Public-Private Partnership (PPP)
in Managing Historical Urban Precincts
Version number 1.0
Project managers
Contact P. (Punto) Wijayanto
P.J. (Peter) Timmer
Appendix
Authors H. Tarekat, Indonesian Heritage Trust (BPPI)
P. Wijayanto, Indonesian Heritage Trust (BPPI)
P.J. Timmer, Cultural Heritage Agency (RCE)
Distribution list
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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Table of Contents
Colophon 3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY / 7
RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF
1. INTRODUCTION 13
2. OBJECTIVE 15
2.1 Context 15
2.2 Main objective 15
2.3 Organization 16
3. PROCEEDINGS 18
3.1 Preparations 18
3.2 Workshop material 19
3.3 Workshop activities 20
3.4 Related events 22
4. OUTCOMES 25
4.1 Favourable conditions 25
4.2 PPP opportunities 26
4.3 Follow up feasibility 27 4.4 Additional requests 27
5. CONCLUSIONS 29
Appendix
1. Workshop Schedule
2. Paper contributed to the workshop,
by Peter Timmer
3. Paper contributed to the workshop,
by Amiluhur Soeroso
4. Paper contributed to the workshop,
by Punto Wijayanto
5. List of participants
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Management and Conservation of
Heritage Cities Program
On October 25, 2008, the Indonesian
Heritage Cities Network or JKPI (Jaringan
Kota Pusaka Indonesia) was formed in
Surakarta by 12 mayors, initiated by Joko
Widodo, at the time Mayor of Surakarta (now
Governor of DKI Jakarta). Members of JKPI
are governments, represented by their mayor
or regent. The aims of the organization are,
among others, to develop cooperation among
cities with cultural and natural heritage and
to encourage mutual cooperation to preserve
heritage with other stakeholders.
Currently, JKPI consists of 48 member cities
and more are expected to join. This new
organization, JKPI, cooperates with the
Indonesian Heritage Trust or BPPI, a non-
profit organization who has been working
much earlier in developing strategies and
policies for urban heritage development. The
idea to develop heritage cities management
was taken up by the Directorate General of
Spatial Planning, Ministry of Public Work
(MoPW), Since 2012, MoPW and BPPI are
taking the initiative to improve the
institutional capacity to manage urban
heritage through a program, namely Program
Penataan dan Pelestarian Kota Pusaka (P3KP)
(Management and Conservation of Heritage
Cities Program).
In the early stages, there were 28 cities and
regencies that showed their interests to
participate in the program and after some
selection process 10 cities/regencies were
selected to be pilot projects, that are Banda
Aceh, Sawahlunto, Palembang, Bogor,
Semarang, Yogyakarta, Banjarmasin,
Baubau, Denpasar and Karangasem.
Workshop Public-Private
Partnership
MoPW and BPPI agreed that one of the
important issues in developing heritage cities
is to find financial resources. To address this
RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF
Program Penataan dan
Pelestarian Kota Pusaka
Pada 25 Oktober 2008, terbentuklah Jaringan
Kota Pusaka Indonesia (JKPI) di Surakarta.
Pendiri organisasi ini adalah 12 walikota,
diprakarsai oleh Joko Widodo, Walikota
Surakarta (sekarang Gubernur DKI Jakarta).
Anggota JKPI adalah pemerintah yang
diwakili oleh walikota atau bupati. Tujuan
organisasi ini, antara lain, untuk
mengembangkan kerjasama antar kota yang
memiliki aset pusaka budaya dan alam serta
meningkatkan kerjasama para pemangku
kepentingan dalam melestarikan pusakanya.
Saat ini anggota JKPI terdiri dari 48 kota dan
lebih banyak yang diharapkan untuk
bergabung. JKPI, bekerja sama dengan BPPI,
organisasi non-profit yang telah jauh lebih
dulu bergerak dalam mengembangkan
strategi dan kebijakan pelestarian dan
pengelolaan pusaka. Gagasan
mengembangkan pengelolaan pusaka
ditindaklanjuti oleh Direktorat Jenderal
Penataan Ruang, Kementerian Pekerjaan
Umum (PU). Sejak 2012, PU dan BPPI
berinisiatif untuk meningkatkan kapasitas
kelembagaan pemerintah daerah dalam
mengelola aset pusaka melalui Program
Penataan Dan Pelestarian Pusaka Kota
(P3KP).
Ada 28 kota dan kabupaten yang
berpartisipasi dalam program ini. Pada tahap
awal, 10 kota/kabupaten menjadi proyek
percontohan, yaitu Kota Banda Aceh,
Sawahlunto, Palembang, Bogor, Semarang,
Yogyakarta, Banjarmasin, Baubau, Denpasar
dan Kabupaten Karangasem.
Workshop Public-Private
Partnership (Kemitraan Publik
dan Swasta)
PU dan BPPI sepakat bahwa salah satu isu
penting dalam pengembangan kota pusaka
adalah menemukan sumber daya
pembiayaan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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issue a workshop about Public-Private
Partnership (PPP) was organized in
cooperation with the Cultural Heritage Agency
(RCE), Ministry of Education, Culture and
Science of the Netherlands. This workshop
was held in Jakarta, Indonesia, 6-8 May 2013
and attended by 9 cities/regencies as active
participants and 9 cities/regencies as
observers. The content of the workshop
focussed on experiences and lessons learned
from the Netherlands and USA and
application in the Indonesian context.
The 'stadsherstel' approach from the
Netherlands was highlighted due to its
success in safeguarding Dutch built heritage.
This approach started in the 1950s by a
number of people from the private sector
when many buildings in old cities and villages
were in a state of decay. Stadsherstel
organizations purchase, restore and lessee
heritage buildings. Later, other approaches
were also introduced such as Park Strijp
Beheer B.V. in Eindhoven and Village
Development Company in Dongeradeel.
Methods of the workshop were exchanging
experiences and knowledge in classrooms
and continued by exercises that required
every city to present a heritage city
management plan. At the end of the
workshop, the resource persons and the
participants identified challenges and needs
of every heritage city management plan that
will be followed-up together. Resource
persons were:
Donovan Rypkema, President of
Heritage Strategies International,
Washington DC, USA.
Peter Timmer from the Cultural
Heritage Agency (RCE), Ministry of
Education, Culture and Science of the
Netherlands.
Amiluhur Soeroso, economics &
heritage expert, Indonesian Heritage
Trust.
Punto Wijayanto, heritage planning
expert, Indonesian Heritage Trust.
Punto Wijayanto visited the Netherlands, 2-8
sebuah lokakarya tentang Public-Private
Partnership (PPP) diselenggarakan
bekerjasama dengan the Cultural Heritage
Agency (RCE), Kementerian Pendidikan,
Kebudayaan dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Kerajaan
Belanda. Workshop ini diselenggarakan di
Jakarta, Indonesia, pada tanggal 6-8 Mei
2013 dan dihadiri oleh 9 kota/kabupaten
sebagai peserta aktif dan 9 kota/kabupaten
sebagai pengamat.Materi workshop adalah
pengalaman dan pelajaran dari Belanda dan
Amerika Serikat dengan tetap memberi
konteks Indonesia.
Dalam workshop ini, pendekatan
'stadsherstel' dari Belanda disorot karena
keberhasilannya dalam menjaga aset Pusaka
di Belanda. Pendekatan ini dimulai pada
tahun 1950 oleh sejumlah orang dari sektor
swasta ketika banyak bangunan di kota dan
desa-desa dalam keadaan terbengkalai.
Organisasi stadsherstel membeli,
memulihkan dan menyewakan bangunan
pusaka. Pendekatan lain juga diperkenalkan
dalan workshop ini seperti Park Strijp Beheer
BV di Eindhoven dan Village Development
Company di Dongeradeel.
Metode workshop yang dipakai adalah
bertukar pengalaman dan pengetahuan di
kelas dan dilanjutkan dengan latihan. Tiap
kota diminta mempresentasikan rencana
pengelolaan kota pusaka. Pada akhir
workshop, narasumber dan peserta
mengidentifikasi tantangan dan kebutuhan
rencana pengelolaan yang disusun oleh tiap
kota yang akan ditindaklanjuti bersama-
sama. Narasumber adalah:
Donovan Rypkema, Presiden
International Heritage Strategy,
Washington DC, Amerika Serikat.
Peter Timmer, Cultural Heritage
Agency (RCE), Kementerian
Pendidikan, Kebudayaan dan Ilmu
Pengetahuan Kerajaan Belanda.
Amiluhur Soeroso, ahli ekonom dan
pusaka, Badan Pelestarian Pusaka
Indonesia.
Punto Wijayanto, ahli perencanaan
pusaka, Badan Pelestarian Pusaka
Indonesia.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
9
March 2013 invited by the RCE, to have an
orientation program about PPP practices in
the Netherlands and expected to disseminate
his experience with the workshop's
participants.
Workshop Result
The workshop has laid a know-how
foundation about PPP practices in other
countries as input and inspiration for heritage
cities in Indonesia. MoPW and BPPI will be
the driving forces to encourage the
participating cities to implement PPP. The
heritage city management plans that were
presented during the workshop are a start for
further elaboration.
General points of attention identified during
the discussion and evaluation regarding
feasible PPP management in Indonesia are:
Directorate General of Spatial
Planning and Urban Development is
ready to work closely with Indonesian
Heritage Trust and RCE to develop a
comprehensive long-term program.
Evaluations of policies in Indonesia
that obstruct implementation of PPP
Heritage, such as a policy that
doesn't allow a private sector to
invest in monumental buildings or a
conservation program.
Preparing strategies to implement
some if not all heritage city
management plans presented during
the workshop.
Dissemination and documentation of
PPP Heritage know-how in general, by
publishing a publication.
Furthermore specific topics per city were
identified:
1. Banda Aceh would like to develop
Gampong Pande area and needs more
knowledge and experience on how to do so.
2. Palembang & Banjarmasin would need
approaches for river- and seaside urban
development.
3. Sawahlunto aims on adaptive reuse of
industrial heritage and would need
Khususnya Punto Wijayanto mengunjungi
Belanda pada 2-8 Maret 2013 dengan
undangan the Cultural Heritage Agency (RCE)
untuk menjalani program orientasi tentang
praktek PPP di Belanda. Ia diharapkan dapat
membagi pengalaman dengan peserta
workshop lainnya.
Hasil Workshop
Lokakarya ini meletakkan dasar pengetahuan
tentang praktek PPP di negara lain sebagai
masukan dan inspirasi bagi kota-kota pusaka
Indonesia. PU dan BPPI menjadi motor yang
mendorong kota-kota tersebut untuk
melaksanakan PPP. Rencana pengelolaan
kota pusaka yang disajikan selama lokakarya
akan menjadi awal untuk dikembangkan lebih
lanjut.
Hasil diskusi dan evaluasi untuk mengkaji
kemungkinan dilaksanakannya PPP di
Indonesia yang perlu diperhatikan sebagai
berikut:
Pemetaan posisi PPP pusaka dalam
Program Penataan dan Pelestarian
Kota. Direktorat Jenderal Penataan
Ruang siap untuk bekerja sama
dengan BPPI untuk mengembangkan
program jangka panjang yang
komprehensif.
Evaluasi kebijakan di Indonesia yang
tidak mendukung pelaksanaan PPP
pusaka, seperti kebijakan yang tidak
memungkinkan sektor swasta untuk
berinvestasi dalam program
pelestarian bangunan-bangunan
monumental.
Menyiapkan strategi untuk
mengimplementasikan beberapa -jika
tidak mungkin semua- rencana
pengelolaan kota pusaka yang
didiskusikan selama workshop.
Diseminasi dan dokumentasi
pengetahuan PPP pusaka, dengan
menerbitkan publikasi.
Ada konteks tertentu untuk setiap kota yang
perlu ditangani, seperti:
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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approaches to develop collaborative
programs with state-company (PT Bukit
Asam).
4. Bogor needs an approach for its informal
sector in Surya Kencana area and would like
to learn more from Quito in Ecuador where
the local government and local ventures
closely cooperate.
5. Yogyakarta aims to preserve several
heritage buildings and requested more
information about the Revolving Fund
Principle by National Restoration Fund, the
Netherlands.
6. Semarang needs an approach to
rehabilitate and develop its old city centre
especially by a PPP approach and a
supporting urban strategy.
7. Banjarmasin is also interested in more
information about WIHCC (Water in Historic
City Centre) project in Breda, the
Netherlands.
8. Baubau presented a project of Benteng
Wolio and needs to approach a private
investor and could consider a community-
based approach in heritage preservation.
9. Karangasem would like to develop its
natural heritage through the traditional water
management (irrigation) system called
'Subak' and needs more knowledge and
experience about it.
Pilot Projects
It is better to start with a small group of pilot
projects, in such a way successful projects
can be a reference for other PPP projects.
Sawahluntos proposal has much potential for
implementing PPP (stadsherstel or integrated
approach). Semarang provides opportunities
for implementing a stadsherstel model. The
city could start with a small initial PPP
project, but to succeed on an urban scale a
supporting urban strategy is evident. When it
comes to a community-based approach,
together with stadsherstel elements, Baubau
offers opportunities. Palembang and
Yogyakarta could be suitable for a
stadsherstel and integrated approach. This
should start with preparing a vision and
redevelopment plan. When these are already
available an implementation strategy should
be added.
1. Banda Aceh ingin mengembangkan
Kawasan Gampong Pande dan membutuhkan
lebih banyak pengetahuan dan pengalaman
bagaimana melakukannya.
2. Palembang dan Banjarmasin akan
membutuhkan pendekatan yang berkaitan
dengan pembangunan kawasan sekitar
sungai dan tepian laut.
3. Sawahlunto hendak mengembangkan
pusaka industri dengan cara olah desain dan
membutuhkan pendekatan untuk
mengembangkan program kolaboratif dengan
perusahaan BUMN (PT Bukit Asam).
4. Bogor membutuhkan pendekatan untuk
sektor informal di Kawasan Surya Kencana
dan ingin belajar dari Quito, Ekuador di mana
pemerintah daerah dan usaha lokal dapat
bekerjasama.
5. Yogyakarta ingin melestarikan bangunan
pusaka dan meminta informasi lebih lanjut
tentang Prinsip Dana Bergulir yang
dikembangkan National Restoration Fund,
Belanda.
6. Semarang memerlukan pendekatan untuk
merehabilitasi dan mengembangkan pusat
kota lama terutama dengan pendekatan PPP
dan strategi perkotaan pendukung.
7. Banjarmasin tertarik pada informasi
tentang proyek WIHCC (Water in Historic
Centre) di Breda, Belanda.
8. Baubau menyajikan proyek Benteng Wolio
dan perlu mendekati investor swasta dan
dapat mempertimbangkan pendekatan
berbasis masyarakat dalam pelestarian.
9. Karangasem ingin mengembangkan
pusaka alam melalui pengelolaan sistem
pengairan secara tradisional yang disebut
'Subak' dan membutuhkan lebih banyak
pengetahuan dan pengalaman.
Proyek Percontohan
Sebaiknya implementasi PPP pusaka dimulai
dengan proyek percontohan berskala kecil,
yang akan menjadi acuan untuk proyek-
proyek berikutnya. Proposal Sawahlunto
potensial untuk penerapan PPP (model
stadsherstel atau pendekatan terintegrasi).
Sementara, Semarang mempunyai potensi
untuk menerapkan model stadsherstel. Kota-
kota tersebut bisa mulai dengan proyek PPP
kecil. Untuk berhasil dalam skala perkotaan,
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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Favourable Conditions
Although there is still much to do to get PPP
implemented in heritage conservation in
Indonesia, it became clear during the
workshop that favourable conditions are
present and provide unique possibilities. The
fact that Indonesian ministries work together
with 28 Indonesian municipalities and
heritage NGOs, PPP skills in Indonesian
infrastructure projects are present and the
Indonesian system of legal entities is
considerably feasible for PPP implementation
in heritage conservation, are all assets that
can contribute to its success. Undeniable it
will be a challenge to implement PPP in
heritage conservation and some exercises
could even fail. Unfavourable conditions need
to be overcome. Nevertheless, if
determination and long term focus can be
assured, Indonesia can set a striking example
in Asia and other countries in world.
perlu didukung dengan strategi perkotaan.
Untuk pendekatan berbasis masyarakat,
yang ditambahkan unsur-unsur stadsherstel,
dapat diterapkan pada Baubau. Usulan untuk
Palembang dan Yogyakarta cocok
menggunakan pendekatan stadsherstel dan
pendekatan terpadu. Tindak lanjutnya harus
dimulai dengan mempersiapkan visi dan
rencana pembangunan kembali. Saat sudah
tersedia, perlu ditambahkan strategi-strategi
implementasinya.
Kondisi yang Menguntungkan
Meskipun banyak yang harus dilakukan untuk
menerapkan PPP dalam pelestarian pusaka di
Indonesia, proses selama lokakarya
menunjukkan adanya kondisi yang
menguntungkan dan memberikan kekhasan
situasi di Indonesia. Fakta bahwa
kementerian Indonesia berinisiatif bekerja
sama dengan 28 kota Indonesia dan
organisasi pelestarian, keterampilan PPP
dalam proyek infrastruktur, dan perangkat
hukum di Indonesia yang layak untuk
pelaksanaan PPP, bisa berkontribusi untuk
keberhasilan implementasi PPP. Tak disangkal
lagi penerapaan PPP pusaka menjadi
tantangan dan selalu kemungkinan untuk
gagal. Kondisi yang kurang baik perlu diatasi.
Namun demikian, jika tekad dan fokus jangka
panjang dapat dipegang, Indonesia dapat
memberi contoh di Asia dan negara-negara
lain di dunia.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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1. INTRODUCTION
The Indonesian Heritage Cities Network or
JKPI (Jaringan Kota Pusaka Indonesia)
consists of 48 member cities. Main objective
of the network is to develop cooperation
among Indonesian cities with cultural and
natural heritage and to encourage mutual
cooperation to conserve heritage with the
other stakeholders. In 2012, the Directorate
General of Spatial Planning of the Indonesian
Ministry of Public Work (MoPW) and the
Indonesian Heritage Trust (BPPI) started a
program to support JKPI. This program,
Management and Conservation of Heritage
Cities Program or P3KP (Program Penataan
dan Pelestarian Kota Pusaka) aims on
training of capacity building for involved local
authorities. To stimulate collaboration
between public and private stakeholders in
managing historical urban precincts, a
workshop about Public-Private Partnership
(PPP) was organized.
Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and heritage
conservation is a new challenge in Indonesia.
In 2012, Stadsherstel Amsterdam visited
Indonesia to explain more about their
concept of PPP. An Indonesian city that is
ready to implement the Stadsherstel
Amsterdam approach can follow up the plan
under guideline and supervision of
Stadsherstel Amsterdam.
The Netherlands Cultural Heritage Agency
(RCE) received an inquiry from MoPW to
cooperate in organizing the workshop of
Public-Private Partnership. The Netherlands
has a long history when it comes to PPP in
managing historical urban precincts and this
experience could be useful for possible
introduction in the Indonesian context. Based
on joined Indonesian-Dutch cooperation on
mutual heritage, the RCE accepted the
invitation by providing its experience in this
field.
The workshop was held between 6-8 May,
2013 in Jakarta. The RCE would like to
express its gratitude towards MoPW and BPPI
for the hospitality received during the
workshop and was very pleased to participate
in what turned out to a fruitful workshop and
hopefully the first steps for introducing PPP
and heritage conservation in Indonesia.
There are also some institutions in the
Netherlands that deserve gratitude for their
cooperation by sharing their valuable
knowledge and experiences with us during
the preparation phase of the workshop. They
are Stadsherstel Amsterdam, especially Paul
Morel (project manager), the Municipality of
Eindhoven and the Municipality of
Noordoostpolder (Nagele).
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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2. OBJECTIVE
2.1 Context
Indonesia consists of 399 regencies and 98
cities. All of the cities or regencies have
diverse heritage assets, both natural and
cultural heritage. On October 25, 2008, the
Indonesian Heritage Cities Network or JKPI
was formed in Surakarta by 12 mayors,
initiated by Joko Widodo, Mayor of Surakarta
(currently Governor of DKI Jakarta).
Members of JKPI are city governments,
represented by the mayor or regent. The
aims of the organization are, among others,
to develop cooperation among cities with
cultural and natural heritage and to
encourage mutual cooperation to conserve
heritage with the other stakeholders.
Currently, JKPI has 48 members and more
are expected to join. In 2012, the Directorate
General of Spatial Planning of the Indonesian
Ministry of Public Work (MoPW) and the
Indonesian Heritage Trust (BPPI) started a
program to support JKPI. This program,
Management and Conservation of Heritage
Cities or P3KP (Program Penataan dan
Pelestarian Kota Pusaka) aims on training of
capacity building for involved local
governments.
Recognizing their role in the planning,
implementation and monitoring of
management processes are some of the key
elements of the program. In the early stages,
there are 26 cities and regencies showing
their interest to participate in the program.
According to the Indonesian Monuments Law,
the local governments of these cities have a
great responsibility to conserve heritage. But,
budget is not unlimited. In this condition, the
capacities of the government to find other
sources need to be improved. Heritage
conservation on an urban scale is a relatively
new challenge in Indonesia and provides new
opportunities. When heritage preservation
can be integrated into todays society it could
generate social, urban and economic
benefits. To achieve this in practice, the
government should work together with other
stakeholders, including communities and the
private sector. One of the aspects of
capacities needed by the involved
governments is Public-Private Partnership
(PPP) models in managing urban historical
precincts.
2.2 Main objective
The goal of the Workshop was to stimulate a
wider understanding of PPP for heritage
conservation, including various PPP models
and approaches, to support participating
cities/regencies in developing a proposal for a
PPP project. These activities are part of a
framework to implement PPP in managing
urban historical precincts in several phases:
I. Preparation
Participants should be ready with a
proposal of a PPP project for heritage
conservation in their city/regency.
II. Workshop
Participants gain a wider
understanding of PPP models and
should develop their proposal to
implement a heritage project using
PPP.
III. Action plan
If participants hope to continue the
process the PPP proposal will be
elaborated into a follow up Action
Plan.
IV. Pilot projects
Participating cities present their
Action Plan to MoPW and BPPI and
pilot projects will be appointed.
During preparation period participants had to
produce an analysis of their cities and a
mapping of stakeholders that will involve in
PPP implementation. It is a sort of feasibility
overview of PPP potentials and risks in
managing urban historical precincts including
investors potential lists, social geographic
mapping, historical building survey, etc. After
the workshop, participants will make a follow-
up action plan which could be implemented in
their city/regency as an appointed pilot
project. Dissemination of the plans will be in
an exhibition, also celebrating the World
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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Town Planning Day in November 2013 and
Indonesian Heritage Year 2013.
In total 10 JKPI cities/regencies participated
in the workshop: Banda Aceh, Sawahlunto,
Palembang, Bogor, Semarang, Yogyakarta,
Banjarmasin, Baubau, Denpasar and
Karangasem. According to the MoPW, it is
expected that from 10 cities/regencies there
will be 5 cities that will serve as a pilot
projects in 2014.
2.3 Organization
The Workshop was mandatory for Heritage
Cities Team from the 10 cities/regencies
participating in the workshop. Each
city/regency send representatives from the
heritage city team. In addition, the workshop
allowed some people interested in heritage
management to be selected as observers. A
public forum and relating events/meetings
with public officials and private organizations
were organized to gain general attention and
to emphasise the importance of PPP for
heritage conservation. Resource persons
during the workshop were experts that are
appointed by RCE, as well as from the BPPI
and MoPW and supported by Heritage Cities
Facilitators Team. RCE provided contribution
represented by Donovan Rypkema (President
Heritage Strategies International) and Peter
Timmer (Consultant RCE) as resource
persons and appointed Hasti Tarekat as
coordinator for this workshop. Punto
Wijayanto (BPPI) contributed as resource
person and coordinated the P3KP Facilitator
Team in Indonesia. MoPW provided venue at
the office of the ministry. All facilitators will
monitor the progress of the proposals in de
post-workshop phase.
Location of the 10 JKPI cities/regencies
participating in the workshop.
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3. PROCEEDINGS
3.1 Preparation
Implementing PPP for heritage conservation
requires a thorough understanding of the
concept and practices. This is especially true
when implementation is intended in a
different context, which is the Indonesian
context in this matter. Therefore Punto
Wijayanto of BPPI came to the Netherlands in
early March 2013 to study PPP practices in
different places for preparation of his
contribution to the workshop. Together with
the representative of BPPI in the Netherlands,
Hasti Tarekat and accompanied by RCE, he
visited several PPP projects in Dongeradeel,
the town of Nagele (Municipality
Noordoostpolder) and the cities of Utrecht
and Eindhoven. The local authorities of
Eindhoven and Noordoostpolder very kindly
hosted their visit and provided
comprehensive information about PPP
application, respectively regarding Strijp
S/International School and Implementation
Lab Nagele. Furthermore, they visited
Stadsherstel Amsterdam, where they were
informed about the ins and outs of the
stadsherstel approach and explored
completed restoration projects in Amsterdam,
such as Pakhuis de Zwijger, a former
warehouse.
Successful PPP in managing historical urban
precincts depends on a wide range of topics
that should be taken into account. Therefore,
participating cities/regencies were given an
assignment beforehand. Main goal of the
assignment was to provide a common
starting point for the participants to advance
discussion and to explore sensing
implementation opportunities of the projects
proposals presented by the cities during the
workshop. First, the proposal had to focus on
an area or building concerned and give
insight in historical features, its economic and
urban context, spatial planning and
legislation, plans for the future and (possible)
private stakeholders involved. The
participants were asked to integrate this
assignment in their proposal for a PPP
project. The assignment was developed in
close cooperation between RCE and BPPI.
Strijp S information center
in the city of Eindhoven.
Explanation by the Municipality of Eindhoven about
the International School.
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3.2. Workshop material
The participating cities/regencies received
several documents related to the subject of
the workshop, such as:
I. Public-Private Partnerships and Heritage: A
Practitioners Guide, by Donovan
Rypkemaand Caroline Cheong (Heritage
Strategies International, 2012).
This publication focuses on the application of
public-private partnershipsf or individual
heritage buildings. It aims to highlight and
simplify the explanation of PPP arrangements
so that practitioners whose work involves
heritage resources may explore the use of
these partnerships when looking for new uses
for their historic buildings. More information
about how to obtain this publication is
available at http://www.hs-intl.com/
resources/publications.
II. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in
Managing Historical Urban Precincts: Best
Practices and Lessons Learned in the
Netherlands, by Peter Timmer (RCE, 2013).
Paper contributed to the Workshop Public-
Private Partnership (PPP) in Managing
Historical Urban Precincts (Jakarta,
Indonesia, 6-8 May 2013). This paper gives
insight in several heritage building- and area-
based PPP projects in the Netherlands, in
particular the most common applications of
PPP: stadsherstel approach, integrated
approach and community-based approach.
This paper can be found in Appendix 2.
Assignment participants workshop PPP
I. Profile of the area concerned
I.1. General Description of the area concerned: location, size, etc.
I.2. History of the area concerned.
II. Mapping urban functions
II.1. Which urban functions (retail, dwelling, public, etc.) can be found in the area
concerned?
II.2. What cultural activity can be found in the area concerned? How is the area
concerned connected to the social and cultural life of the inhabitants?
II.3. What are the economic and future prospects of these functions in this area?
III. Mapping spatial planning
III.1. How is land use control and zone planning regulated in the area concerned?
III.2. Are there (significant) urban developments foreseen in the area?
III.3. Whats the (long term) vision of the local authority on the future for the area
concerned?
IV. Historical buildings survey
IV.1. How is cultural heritage management regulated in the area concerned?
IV.2. To what extend are financial incentives for heritage preservation present?
IV.3. Which historical buildings could be considered for safeguarding by PPP?
IV.4. Who are the owners of these historical buildings?
V. Stakeholders analysis
V.1. Which public and private stakeholders are involved in the area concerned?
V.2. Which stakeholders could have economic/cultural/social interest in participating in
PPP?
V.3. Who are key players in the private sector to engage for PPP?
Table 1. Assigment given beforehand to
the participant of the workshop.
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III. Public and Private Partnership on Cultural
Heritage Projects, by Dr. Amiluhur Soeroso
(BPPI, 2013)
The concept of PPP is already introduced by
the Indonesian government. However, it is
merely about the PPP approach to support an
infrastructure project, such as highways. This
paper focuses on the possibility to apply PPP
heritage in the Indonesian context and can
be found in Appendix 3.
IV. Financing Heritage Project: Stadsherstel
Approach in Indonesian Context, by Punto
Wijayanto (BPPI, 2013).
Paper contributed to the Workshop Public-
Private Partnership (PPP) in Managing
Historical Urban Precincts (Jakarta,
Indonesia, 6-8 May 2013) focusing on the
stadsherstel approach. Since its founding in
1956, 55 years ago, the company of
Stadsherstel Amsterdam has developed into a
restoration company for all kinds of historic
buildings and monuments in an urban or rural
environment. It not only restores, but also
preserves them in such manner, that the
character of the building is left intact and that
further development will not cause any
damage to the architecture, or change it in
any way. The context between Indonesia and
the Netherlands is of course different. The
possibility to replicate the stadsherstel
approach depends on the understanding of
both contexts. This paper can be found in
Appendix 4.
3.3 Workshop activities
A detailed schedule of the Workshop can be
found in Appendix 1. In summary, activities
and events that took place during the
workshop are as follows:
Excursion Kota Tua
Resource persons, BPPI and the Facilitators
Team visited Kota Tua, Jakarta Old City, on
Sunday May the 5th. This excursion was
organized to get acquainted and discuss the
workshop activities. The lack of economic
significance of this urban district for the city
and state of dilapidation of many heritage
buildings gave a good impression of the
challenges Indonesia face when it comes to
managing historical urban precincts. On the
other hand, visiting successful privately
initiated adaptive reuse projects, such as
Toko Murah and Caf Batavia in Jakarta,
showed private investors see economic
opportunities in heritage preservation.
Resource persons, facilitators team and some of the particpants at the
Ministry of Public Works (venue of the workshop).
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Public Forum
The Workshop started with a Public Forum,
Module 1 of the Workshop, on Monday May
the 6th. This forum was open for public on
invitation, to generate public attention for the
Workshops objective. Over 100 people from
the public and private sector attended this
forum, which was opened by Dadang
Rukmana of MoPW and proceded with official
speeches and presentation by the resource
persons. Donovan Rypkema spoke about
economic benefits of heritage preservation,
Peter Timmer about protection by
development as part of Dutch policy on
heritage conservation and Punto Wijayanto
delivered a presentation about the
stadsherstel approach. Robert Tambunan
(owner Toko Merah, a restored historical
building) and Arya Abieta (Indonesian
Architects Association/IAI) presented
Indonesian examples of successful privately
initiated heritage projects. After a discussing,
moderated by Laretna T. Adishakti (BPPI), a
press conference was held. This led to several
news articles in primarily Jakarta-based
media, such as Kompas, the largest daily
newspaper in Indonesia.
Presentation of the Proposals
After the public forum participating
cities/regencies presented their proposal for a
PPP project to the resource persons. In
general, this gave a proper insight in the
diversity and distinctiveness of the heritage
buildings or areas concerned, as well as the
adaptive reuse or urban development project
proposed. It is apparent that few participants
understood how to elaborate PPP approach to
heritage project. At the end of the day
participants were given a questionnaire
regarding points of interest to consider for
further elaboration of the proposals. These
questions were later used as review material
by the resource persons (see Table 2).
PPP models and discussion
Module 2 of the workshop, on Tuesday May
the 7th, started with an extensive
presentation of the resource persons about
PPP practices, under supervision of Azwir
Malaon (Directorate General of Spatial
Planning, MoPW). Donovan Rypkema focused
on the basic principles of PPP and various
implementation models and PPP project in
the US and the rest of the world. Peter
Timmer gave more insight in PPP models and
types of organizations of Dutch practice, in
particular when it comes to the stadsherstel
approach, integrated approach and
community-based approach. Furthermore
Punto Wijayanto gave a presentation about
the stadsherstel practice and Indonesian
context of financing heritage project and
Amiluhur Soeroso focused on PPP practice in
Indonesia. There was a lot of response and
discussing during Module 2. Participants
connected the given information about PPP to
their own proposal.
Public Forum at the Ministry
of Public Works.
Article in
newspaper
Kompas.
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Sawahlunto
Who are the partners? x
What is the form of the PPP? x
What is the estimated total amount of money?
What are the primary barriers? x
What are identified funding sources? x
Is there a Pilot of the pilot? x
What are the roles of each partner? x
Who locally has PPP experience?
What are any legislative problems?
What is the direct connection between your PPP
project and heritage?
x
Elaborate Proposals Reviewed
The last day of the workshop, on Wednesday
May the 8th, resource person reviewed the
proposals. Before that, all participants
elaborated their proposal using the
questionnaire given on Monday. Participants
from Sawahlunto could clearly present a
proposal on adaptive reuse of a Chinese
house to become a coffee shop. They also
identified different parties which would be
involved in the process. The other
participants were discussing their projects,
which unfortunately gave less opportunities
to integrate the aspects for application of a
PPP approach.
3.4 Related events
Apresiasi Pusaka Indonesia (Appreciation of
Indonesian Heritage)
With support from Hasjim Djojohadikusumo,
BPPI organized an event Apresiasi Pusaka
Indonesia (API) - to honour Ir. Amran Nur
(Mayor of Sawahlunto) and Dwi Cahyono
(businessman and heritage enthusiast based
in Malang) for their outstanding effort for
safeguarding Indonesian heritage. Invited for
this event were, among others, the Embassy
of the Netherlands, CEO's of private
entrepreneurs, board members of BPPI and
governmental officials, including Minister of
Public Work, Joko Kirmanto. During this
event Dononvan Rypkema gave a
presentation about economic benefits of
historical preservation. PPP as a tool to
generate economic value and to achieve
heritage conservation was widely spoken.
Punto Wijayanto used this opportuny to
introduce Stadsherstel Amsterdam and its
Table 2. Questionnaire
regarding points of interest
to consider for elaboration
of the proposals, reviewed
by the resource persons.
This table is an reviewed
example of Sawahluntos
proposal.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS Workshop, May 6-8, 2013
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approach to safeguard heritage in
Amsterdam.
Meeting Governor of Jakarta
Joko Widodo or Jokowi, Governor of Jakarta,
invited BPPI to discuss about heritage
conservation in Jakarta. BPPI asked Donovan
Rypkema to join BPPI to meet the Governor,
while Peter Timmer and Punto Wijayanto
reviewed the project proposals at the end of
the workshop. The main discussion of the
meeting was to inform about the PPP
Workshop and possibilities to implement it in
Jakarta. The Governor has asked BPPI and
Donovan Rypkema about ideas, plans and
strategies to revitalize the old part of Jakarta,
Kota Tua.
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4. OUTCOMES
4.1 Favourable conditions
During the workshop, resource persons
together with the participants managed to
identify the favourable and unfavourable
conditions for implementing PPP for heritage
conservation in Indonesia.
Existing favourable conditions for
implementing PPP for heritage conservation
in Indonesia are:
1. At least two Indonesian ministries work
together with 28 Indonesian municipalities
in a program on supporting preservation
of cultural heritage and conservation by
development of historical inner cities.
2. Emerged during the 1980s and grown ever
since, Indonesia has a well-organized
network of NGOs focusing on heritage
conservation, including a national
umbrella organization (BPPI) established
in 2003. These NGOs could play a vital
role in the implementation of PPP by
providing conservation knowledge or even
initiate and contribute to the foundation of
PPP organizations.
3. Indonesia has a history of 40 years of
working with PPP in infrastructure
projects, such as highways and public
works. This provides Indonesia
experience, skills and training in PPP
practice.
4. In the Netherlands, PPP and heritage
conservation have been implemented by
several organization models. Because the
governmental framework and system of
legal entities are quite similar in
Indonesia, adaptation to the Indonesian
context is relative easy.
Existing unfavourable conditions for
implementing PPP for heritage conservation
in Indonesia are:
1. There is no regulation yet for
implementing PPP for heritage
conservation that provides legal support
for combined public and private financing.
Excisting regulations on PPP only focus on
infrastructure projects, such as Peraturan
Presiden No. 56/2011 (Presidents Decree)
and Permen Menteri Perencanaan
Pembangunan Nasional/Kepala Bappenas
No. 3/2010 (Ministry Regulation).
2. To a large extent, conservation of built
heritage by governments in Indonesia is
focussing on government-owned
properties. Most heritage assets in historic
areas however, belong to private owners,
instead of the government. To implement
PPP and heritage conservation,
municipalities should find a way to deal
with different owners and should initiate
cooperation with involved stakeholders.
Organization Dutch Indonesian
Association
Vereniging Asosiasi
Foundation
Stichting Yayasan
Private limited
liability company
Besloten
Vennootschap (BV)
Perseroan
Terbatas (PT)
Public limited
liability company
Naamloze
Vennootschap (NV)
- PT Terbuka
- PT Tertutup
Table 3. The system
of legal entities in
the Netherlands and
Indonesia is similar,
providing
opportunities to
implement PPP and
heritage
conservation in the
Indonesian context.
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4.2 PPP opportunities
A short summary of reviewed conclusions
regarding the project proposals of the
participating cities/regencies is set out below.
Mentioned PPP models are based on most
common applications of PPP in the
Netherlands: stadsherstel approach,
integrated approach and community-based
approach (Appendix 2).
City/Regency Project Description PPP Model and Reference
Sawahlunto Adaptive reuse (including industrial heritage)
Stadsherstel Approach Integrated Approach, Contract Model (DBFMO) Reference: BOEI BV
Banjarmasin Upgrading riverside of Martapura river and adding new floating markets
Integrated Approach Reference: City Government of Breda WIHCC (Water in Historic City Centres)
Semarang Rehabilitation/revitalization old city centre
Stadsherstel Approach, part of a urban strategy for the whole area Reference: Rehabilitation Dutch historic cities
Karangasem Reuse heritage directly related to landscape
Community-based Approach Landscape &Trust Approach Reference: Gelderland Trust for Historic Houses and Natural Landscape
Bogor Urban (re-)development and adaptive reuse, revitalizing public space along Surya Kencana street
Integrated Approach, Alliance Model Stadsherstel Approach, part of a strategy for the whole area Reference: Quito, Ecuador
Banda Aceh Gampong Pande burial ground integrated in a new recreational building complex
Integrated Approach Integrated Approach: Contract Model
Palembang Musi riverside redevelopment, heritage preservation, public transport
Integrated Approach, Alliance Model Stadsherstel Approach, part of a strategy for the whole area Reference: Riverside development American en European cities
Yogyakarta Redevelopment of Malioboro district and conservation of several heritage buildings
Integrated Approach, Alliance Model Stadsherstel Approach, part of a strategy for the whole area Reference: Revolving Fund, National Restoration Fund (NRF)
Baubau
Conservation of Benteng Wolio district
Community-based Approach Stadsherstel Approach Reference: Village Development Company, Dongeradeel
Table 4. Summary of the projects and
input given regarding PPP opportunities.
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4.3 Follow up feasibility
The participating municipalities presented
interesting and unique project proposals.
Some of them are ready to take the next step
in preparing implementation of PPP. However,
working on 10 cities is probably too vast at
the moment. It is better to start with a small
group of pilot projects, in such a way
successful pilot projects can be a reference
for other PPP projects.
Sawahluntos proposal for adaptive reuse of a
Chinese house has much potential for
implementing PPP. Further action should be
given to this city to find a suitable model
(stadsherstel or integrated) or reference.
Semerang provides opportunities for
implementing a stadsherstel model on an
urban scale. The city could start with a small
initial PPP project, but to succeed on a urban
scale a long term strategy regarding feasible
urban functions, attracting private investors
and city branding is evident.
When it comes to a community-based
approach, together with stadsherstel
elements, Baubau offers opportunities.
Palembang and Yogyakarta could be suitable
for a stadsherstel and integrated approach.
This should start with preparing a vision and
redevelopment plan. When these are already
available an implementation strategy should
be added.
4.4 Additional requests
During the workshop:
- Dr. Dadang Rukmana, Director of Urban
Planning and Development at DG Spatial
Planning (MoPW) requested more
information about and assistance on
implementation of Protection by
Development policy.
- All municipalities also showed interest in
further information to develop their
proposals such as:
Palembang is interested in more
information about river- and seaside
urban development.
Bogor is interested in more information
on a project in Quito, Ecuador where
the local government and local
ventures closely cooperate.
Yogyakarta requested more
information about the Revolving Fund
Principle by National Restoration Fund.
Banjarmasin is interested in more
information about Water in Historical
City Centre (WIHCC) project in Breda.
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5. CONCLUSIONS
Project proposals presented by the
participating cities/regencies showed a wide
range of plans. Some proposals are more
feasible for implementing PPP than others.
Nevertheless, they all have an important
asset in common because they aim on
utilizing heritage to develop the area or
building complex involved. In this, the cities
even inspired each other with their proposals
which directly showed the importance of the
JKPI program: namely exchange of
knowledge that contributes to managing
historical urban precincts.
The outcomes of the reviews of the projects
provide a starting point to introduce PPP.
Elaboration may require additional knowledge
about PPP models or urban strategies that
support implementation of the project. Dutch
institutions such as Stadsherstel Amsterdam
and RCE offered assistance. But first,
cooperation with the private sector in the
involved cities/regencies needs specific
attention in the following steps if PPP wants
to succeed and become an important tool to
achieve the goal of the project.
Beside specific project support, it became
clear during the workshop there also is a
need for a general support to the
cities/regencies by an overall national policy
and dissemination of knowledge. This
national policy should also provide favourable
conditions to implement PPP in managing
historical precincts and show, for example by
best practices, that heritage conservation and
economic/urban development can
complement to each other (protection by
development). In this way heritage
conservation becomes a common interest in
todays society and stimulates public and
private cooperation to safeguard heritage for
future generations in Indonesia.
During the workshop participants gained a
wider understanding of PPP models. As
mentioned above, there is still a need to
elaborate their proposals to continue the
process. Some of the proposals still have to
produce or strengthen a direct connection
between a PPP project and heritage
conservation. The best way to continue the
program is by focusing on a small group of
pilot projects.
Existing favourable conditions create unique
possibilities for implementing PPP in
managing historical urban precincts in
Indonesia. Undeniable it will be a challenge
and some pilot cases could even fail.
Nevertheless, if determination and long term
focus can be assured, Indonesia can set a
striking example in Asia and the rest of the
world.
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Appendix 1
Workshop Schedule
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SCHEDULE of
PUBLIC FORUM AND WORKSHOP on
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN MANAGING HISTORICAL URBAN PRECINCTS
Day-1 : Monday 6May 2013
Time (WIB) Materi PiC Opening Venue :DG of Spatial Planning (DJPR) 8th floor
08.00-08.45 Registration *Invitation: Open for Public
DJPR PU/BPPI
Opening by MC
08.45-09.00 Commitee Report Dr. Dadang Rukmana
DJPR PU
09.00-09.30
Welcoming Speeches: 1. I Gede Ardika/BPPI 2. Peter Timmer MA/RCE
3. Dr. Ir. M.BasukiHadimulyono, MSc./DG of Spatial Planning
DJPR PU/BPPI
09.30-09.45 Plaque DJPR PU Public Forum/Modul 1: Economy of Heritage Conservation Venue : DG of Spatial Planning (DJPR) 8th floor
09.45-10.30 Economy of Heritage Speaker: Donovan Rypkema
DJPR PU
10.30-11.15 Heritage Conservation in the Netherlands Speaker: Peter Timmer MA
DJPR PU
11.15-11.45 Introduction of Stadsherstel Speaker: Punto Wijayanto
DJPR PU
11.45-12.15 Heritage Conservation in Indonesia - Case of Jakarta Old Town Speaker: Robert Tambunan (owner Toko Merah, Jakarta Old City) & Ir. Arya Arbieta, IAI
DJPR PU
12.15-13.00 Discussion Moderator: Dr. Laretna T. Adishakti
DJPR PU
13.00-13.15 Plaque and Joint Photos DJPR PU Closing by MC
13.15-15.00 Lunch Press Conference
DJPR PU
Training on PPP Project Venue : DG of Spatial Planning (DJPR) 3th floor
15.00-15.30 1. Explanation of Process and Goals 2. Schedule Overview
DJPR PU
15.30-15.45 Coffee Break DJPR PU
15.45-18.00 Review of the RAKP DJPR PU/All Facilitators
18.00-19.00 Dinner DJPR PU
19.00-21.00 Review of the RAKP DJPR PU/All Facilitators
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Day -2: Tuesday 7 May 2013
Time (WIB) Materi PiC Modul 2:PPP Project on Heritage Conservation Venue : DG of Spatial Planning (DJPR) 3th floor
Sesi 1 08.00-09.30
Basic of PPP Heritage Speaker: Donovan Rypkema
DJPR PU/BPPI
09.30-10.00 Coffee Break
Sesi 2 10.00-11.30
Preparation of PPP Project on Heritage Conservation Speaker: Peter Timmer MA Moderator sesi 1&2: Dadang Rukmana
DJPR PU/BPPI
11.30 12.30 Lunch and Pray Modul3:PPP Heritagein Indonesian Context Venue : DG of Spatial Planning (DJPR) 3th floor
Sesi 3 12.30-14.00
PPP heritage, regulation and heritage management in Indonesia Speaker: Dr. Amiluhur Soeroso
DJPR PU/BPPI
Sesi 4 14.00-15.30
Stadsherstel in Indonesian Heritage Cities Context Speaker: Punto Wijayanto Moderator sesi 3&4: Azwir Malaon
DJPR PU/BPPI
15.30-15.45 Coffee Break DJPR PU/BPPI Exercise and Presentation Venue : DG of Spatial Planning (DJPR) 3th floor
Sesi 5 15.45-17.00
1. Review of PPP Heritage Proposal 2. Brief of the exercise by Donovan/Peter Moderator: Dr. Widya Wijayanti
DJPR PU/All Facilitators
17.00-19.00 Dinner
19.00-22.00 Preparing for the Presentation/live streaming API DJPR PU/All Facilitators
Apresiasi Pusaka Indonesia (API) Venue : Hotel Intercontinental (invitation only)
19.00-21.30
1. Apresiasi Pusaka Indonesia 2. Presentation by Donovan Rypkema 3. Dinner 4. Dialogue Host: Catrini P. Kubontubuh/Kania Sutisnawinata
BPPI
Day-3: Wednesday 8 May 2013
Time (WIB) Activity PiC Modul 3: Exercise and Presentation
Sesi 6 08.00-09.30
1. Presentation 1-5/@15 2. Comments by Donovan/Peter Moderator: Dani B. Ishak
DJPR PU/All Facilitators
09.30 -10.00 Coffee Break
Sesi 7 10.00-11.30
1. Presentation 6-10/@15 2. Comments by Donovan/Peter Moderator: Hardini Sumono
DJPR PU/All Facilitators
11.30-12.30 Lunch and Pray Exercise and Presentation
Sesi 8 12.30-14.00
Recommendations and Follow-Up Action Plan Subdit Pengaturan-Dit. Perkotaan/BPPI
DJPR PU/BPPI
Sesi 9 14.00-15.30
Briefing of inventory preparation Subdit Pengaturan-Dit. Perkotaan
DJPR PU/BPPI
Closing
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Appendix 2
Paper contributed to the workshop, by Peter Timmer
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Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in Managing Historical
Urban Precincts1 Best Practices and Lessons Learned in the Netherlands
By: P.J. Timmer MA
Cultural Heritage Agency
Ministry of Education, Culture and Science
The Netherlands
e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction
Public-Private Partnership (PPP) can be implemented through a wide range of applications. The
urban, social and economic context of the area concerned and ambitions of the involved
stakeholders often dictate the way a PPP project is put into practice. This also accounts for PPP in
managing historical urban precincts in the Netherlands. This paper gives insight in several PPP
projects in the Netherlands, in particular management activities undertaken to accomplish heritage
conservation and development. Which lessons can be learned?
PPP and Heritage in the Netherlands
In many cases we can confidently entrust this care to the current owners and users. () It is in their
own interest to combine present use with sustainable preservation. But leaving this care to citizens,
private managers and companies is not always possible. () Some heritage tasks lie beyond the
benefit, the interests, the support or the knowledge of owners and users. When public interests or
responsibilities come into play, the government enters the scene. The role of government
supplements the role of owners and private initiators.2 To a great extent, the system of preserving
heritage sites in the Netherlands is based on this public-private interaction. PPPs go even beyond
mere public-private interaction. Public stakeholders dont only facilitate public-private interaction,
but also participate in it. PPP is a legal agreement between public and private parties to achieve a
common objective and when it comes to managing historical urban precincts, it is reflected in a
project that assures conservation of heritage buildings or sites. In this, the Netherlands has a long
history.
1 Paper contributed to the Workshop Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in Managing Historical Urban Precincts (Jakarta,
Indonesia, 6-8 May 2013). This workshop is executed within the joined Indonesian-Dutch cooperation on Mutual Heritage and is organized by the Directorate General of Spatial Planning, Ministry of Public Work in Indonesia (MoPW), the Indonesian Heritage Trust (BPPI) and the Netherlands Cultural Heritage Agency (RCE). Goal of the workshop is to prepare PPP project plans for heritage conservation in 10 Indonesian cities, members of the Indonesian Heritage Cities Network (JKPI). 2 Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (2011), Character in Focus, Vision for Heritage and Spatial Planning, p. 6.
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The stadsherstel approach, which mainly emerged in the 1970s, has been and is very successful in
safeguarding Dutch built heritage in historic inner cities. This is especially true in the case of stock
corporations, which own, purchase, restore and lease heritage buildings. PPP and heritage
conservation in urban redevelopment areas is more a concept of the urban planning and
development sector. It is usually accomplished by installing a redevelopment agency or private
limited liability company and adaptive re-use and preservation of built heritage is established by an
integrated approach which is called integrated conservation. Recently, due to the economic crisis
and in areas facing population decline, alternative PPP projects emerge. In those cases PPP is an
important tool to improve the living environment and manage historical precincts by a community-
based approach.
Stadsherstel Approach
Combating decay
The Dutch word stadsherstel is often used by Dutch organizations that restore and preserve
heritage buildings. The word itself can best be translated as city repair or city recovery.
Approximately 40 stadsherstel organizations exist in the Netherlands and some were even founded
by private initiative before the Second World War.3 Visiting a Dutch historic city nowadays, one will
question oneself what is there to recover? Most historic cities are well maintained areas and
significant economic, social and cultural centers of the local community. Before the Second World
War and especially in the 1950s and 1960s however, many urban neighborhoods hardly had any
economic perspective and even suffered social degradation. Inhabitants moved away to newly built
suburbs. Due to lack of maintenance, the citys building stock deteriorated rapidly. At the same time
local governmental institutions had radical plans for city renewal and modernization of city centers.
This resulted in demolishing old and dilapidated neighborhoods to be replaced by large-scale office
and apartment buildings and infrastructure.
Public and private initiative on heritage preservation focused mainly on a few highlights of Dutch
built heritage. Halfway the 1960s the situation changed and intellectuals and inhabitants of Dutchs
cities widely opposed against the demolishment of old neighborhoods. This supported new
conservation activities and had a great impact on the national policy for city renewal and heritage
preservation in the 1970s. The Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Spatial Planning began to
cooperate closely in a nationwide programme on rehabilitation of (to be) protected townscapes.
Planning methods were made to vitalize the historic cities and at the same time restore built
heritage. New regulation was developed to finance it. A newly found gas field in the north of the
Netherlands and its profitable exploitation in the 1970s offered financial support to the national
programme. To have access to funding, rehabilitation plans and multiannual rehabilitation
programmes were made by governmental institutions.
3 Het Behouden Huis is the umbrella federation of the stadsherstel organizations and serves as an overall consultation
body. http://www.federatiebehoudenhuis.nl/
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The emphasis was on developing a cartographic reproduction of an action plan which indicated
structures that need to be restored. This action plan was based on a synthesis of mapping historical
features, technical condition of the building stock, allocated urban functions and development risks
and opportunities. Land use control assured the presence of vital functions in the protected
townscapes. In the 1980s a national city renewal fund was installed as follow up of earlier financial
regulation. Stadsherstel organizations played a significant role in the execution of rehabilitation
programmes. One could say they made it all practicably possible and in several cities stadsherstel
organizations were even founded for that purpose. Nowadays, stadsherstel organizations still play an
important role in preserving heritage buildings in Dutch cities. This is partly because of a favourable
economic climate in the cities and supporting heritage management, including financial incentives
provided by public and private organizations and due to contributions of national funds.
Types of organizations
A stadsherstel organization is usually bound to the city where its founded. Some operate regional or
were founded to target on an entire province. A few stadsherstel organizations, or similar
organizations, function nationwide and focus on a specific theme. What the stadsherstel
organizations have in common is that they exist by the grace of private initiative and public-private
interaction. The way they are organized varies considerably and can be generally classified in four
organization models:
I. Association model:A vereniging (association) is a nonprofit body formed by a group of members,
volunteers, who agreed on accomplishing a specific purpose. The associations income relies on
member fees, legacies, donations, fund raising and sometimes long term leasing of properties.
II. Foundation model:A stichting (foundation) is a nonprofit private entity to accomplish a specific
purpose. Foundations rely on donations and fund raising. Foundations can make profit but have to
invest it into new projects or activities according to the main charity purpose.
III. Private limited liability company model: In the Netherlands these kind of companies are referred
to as Besloten Vennootschap (B.V.) and are commercial enterprises owned by shareholders. It is an
exclusive or closed partnership and its stocks are not for sale on open markets.
IV. Public limited liability company model: Referred to as Naamloze Vennootschap (N.V.): nameless
partnerships or anonymous ventures. They are also owned by shareholders, with the difference
that shares are not registered to owners and may be traded on the public stock market.
Stadsherstel in practice
In the case of a stadsherstel approach, the association model is rare. The historic houses association
Vereniging Hendrick de Keyser is the most striking example. Founded by a group of merchants from
Amsterdam in 1918, it operates nation-wide and targets on obtaining a collection of unique buildings
reflecting Dutch build history. The collection encompasses about 396 properties in more than 100
cities and villages. Its income, making costly upkeep and restoration projects possible, comes from
the long term leasing of properties, membership fees, legacies and donations, as well as public and
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private fund raising. Membership is open to all. The association now has about 4000 members for
whom activities are being organized, among which lectures, visits to properties and guided tours,
encouraging everyone to enjoy our national heritage.4
Private limited liability companies are also rare when it comes to a stadsherstel approach. BOEi B.V.
is a successful example and focuses on preservation, development and exploitation of industrial
heritage. It functions nation-wide, owns 48 properties and is specialized in reallocating industrial
heritage. BOEis organization type makes it possible for them to work as developer, investor or
advisor. They start a project with a feasibility study for adaptive reuse, preventing decay, purchase
the property and pursue suitable economic functions that assure the preservation of heritage
features. Preservation is financed by governmental financial incentives, fund raising, low interest
loans and deposited share-capital. Among the shareholders of BOEi B.V. are some of the largest
private banks and real estate developers of the Netherlands as well as a national public fund.
Foundations and public limited liability companies are the most common organization types of
stadsherstel in the Netherlands. They contributed the most in rehabilitating dilapidated built heritage
in Dutch cities, especially since national policy stimulated it from the 1970s. A stadsherstel
foundation provides a relatively easy way to execute singular conservation projects depending on
directly available public financial incentives. They buy a property, restore it and sell it again at a
profit, to provide the source of funding for future projects. A public limited liability company
however, buys a property, restores it and gains income by leasing the property. Its organization is
also part of a long term agreement between private and public stakeholders. Financial incentives and
additional fund raising are still important, but due to its long term focus they can also rely on
deposited share-capital and therefore provide a more sustainable alternative.
Customized needs
In general a large amount of stadsherstel foundations and approximately 11 public limited liability
companies in the Netherlands aim to preserve built heritage. Depending on the local situation and
local wishes, implementation of a stadsherstel model is sometimes divided or combined. In the city
of Enkhuizen for example, stadsherstel is divided into a foundation and a public limited liability
company to avoid investment risks in case of temporary bad stock markets. In the city of Utrecht the
foundation Utrechts Monumentfonds also covers long term ownership. Foundations are sometimes
even incorporated in regular housing cooperatives. Stadsherstel Amsterdam N.V. and many others
are public limited liability companies and housing or stock corporations at the same time. They
combine all kind of activities and because of the economic and cultural benefits for the city, private
and public stakeholders constitute a partnership.
Looking back at more than 60 years of stadsherstel experience, the public limited liability company
model has proven to be the most sustainable concept of PPP in managing historical urban precincts
in the Netherlands. Public and private stakeholders truly form an alliance and both benefit when it
comes to heritage preservation. Over the years, just one company didnt succeed and faced
4 Vereniging Hendrick de Keyser: http://www.hendrickdekeyser.nl/
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bankruptcy in 2011. The small organization N.V. Stadsherstel Leeuwarden invested in restoration of
two properties but tenants or buyers couldnt be found. Unlike the economic, vital and centrally
located cities in the western parts of the Netherlands, Leeuwarden is located in the less economic
prosperous northern part of the country where rental and stock markets are affected substantially by
the recent economic crisis. Nevertheless, installation of a new stadsherstel organization is being
considered in Leeuwarden at the moment, because there is a local need to it for the sake of heritage
preservation and local private and public stakeholders believe in the concept of stadsherstel.
Integrated Approach
Guiding urban (re-)development
A distinctive feature of historic city centers is its functional diversity and large densely populated
urban context. The economic, cultural and social significance for the local community makes mutual
public and private interest self-evident. Because ownership of heritage buildings in historic cities is
extremely divers, stadsherstel adds up well as an appropriate approach. When this is part of a wider
rehabilitation programme or planning scheme, which objective is to revitalize cities, one could say
stadsherstel is an integrated approach. An integrated approach directly related to PPP however, has
a different scope and aims on urban (re-)development of unused or isolated urban areas or a
complex of buildings by private commercial initiative. When significant public interest is involved,
public and private stakeholders form an alliance and introduce PPP, for example when the urban
development or new building project has an economic or cultural value to the community. Cultural
heritage can be such an asset.
Urban development and heritage preservation are often seen as ones enemies. Development leads
to the destruction of heritage. Preservation, in turn, requires financial incentives, whereas urban
development gains economic advantage. In actual fact, both of them complement to each other.
Unused heritage buildings or sites will not be preserved when there is no economic base to assure
maintenance. Lack of maintenance leads to deterioration and in the end to destruction. Hence, the
best way to preserve is to find new functions or stimulate adaptive reuse and heritage sites will have
a sustainable future again. This can be achieved by economic development and urban planning. On
the other hand, economic and urban development can benefit from preservation of cultural heritage.
Utilizing heritage can make buildings or areas distinctive and adds attractiveness to the living
environment. This could appeal the new inhabitants, (new) property owners and even visitors and
therefore generates economic value.
Embedding heritage preservation in urban development projects is often called preservation
through development or protection by development in the Netherlands, which have evolved into a
common approach the last two decades. Internationally it could be compared with what is described
as integrated conservation. The PPP organization to achieve this objective is a concept of the urban
planning and development sector.5 Application could generally be categorized into alliance models
5 To support PPP in the Netherlands, supporting organizations have been founded, such as PPP-Network (including a
database on internet) and PPP-Support Helpdesk.
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and contract models, in which most likely private limited liability companies are installed to execute
the project(s). An alliance model aims to realize a common vision and consists of several construction
projects. The urban redevelopment of industrial estate Strijp-S in the city of Eindhoven is an
exceptional example. A contract model is more suitable for a single project and comes in different
kind of options, such as Design & Construct (D&C) or Design, Build, Finance, Maintain & Operate
(DBFMO). The latter, realization of an international school in an old military base, once again in
Eindhoven, is an interesting example.
Park Strijp Beheer B.V., Eindhoven
Eindhoven is a city in the southern province of Brabant. Home to electronica giant Philips (founded in
1891) the city is scattered with industrial heritage, such as Strijp-S district, a place where several
electrical devices were invented and produced. When the multinational firm decided to leave Strijp-
S, the City of Eindhoven and Philips made a Masterplan in 2001. Their ambition was to redevelop the
66 acres of Strijp-S into an extension of the inner city with a mix of living, working and recreation,
adaptive re-use, preservation and renovation of (listed) historic buildings included. With creativity
and culture being made visible and tangible in all facets, Strijp-S becomes The Creative City with an
unequalled character and personality, both in the Netherlands and abroad.6 To realize this ambition
the City of Eindhoven signed an agreement with a large private property developer. The Masterplan
was elaborated into a Urban Development Plan in 2004 that made clear which heritage buildings
would be preserved and were new functions, buildings and infrastructure would be added.
Several surveys were initiated to determine the most valuable historic features and to do research on
adaptive reuse. Because of these surveys historical assets such as pipelines and other industrial
installations in public space were integrated in the overall plan. Another interesting result was the
decision to preserve the former Scientific Laboratory, a non-listed structure that was supposed to be
replaced by apartment buildings. The fact that Albert Einstein once visited the building and it has
much historical significance for the local community, the plans were altered after a design contest
turning it into a movie theater and restaurant. An action plan for intensifying art and culture for
Strijp-S was executed in 2007. Zone planning and land use control was assured in 2008 and the
completion date of the project was set on 2018. To assure careful preservation there is a periodical
consulting meeting with heritage experts and heritage institutions to discuss the progress and
elaboration of projects.
To execute the projects in Strijp-S collaboration was arranged through a PPP construction, by
installing a private limited liability company called Park Strijp Beheer B.V. The City of Eindhoven and
the private property developer VolkerWessels are the main shareholders.Park Strijp Beheer B.V. is
responsible for organizing the realization of 75% of the plan for 1600 new apartments and 25% other
functions. Because of expected incomes from property sale, the city governments financial
contribution was set on budget neutral, although at first this seemed inconceivable. Strijp-S was a
former non-public closed area and not a place that would attract future inhabitants and
entrepreneurs easily. Therefore a marketing strategy was developed to enhance its creative
6 Park Strijp Beheer B.V., Brochure Strijp-S, p. 2.
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reputation. Cultural events made the property better known to the public and emphasized its
unique qualities and development opportunities. The result is that national and local activities take
place at Strijp-S regularly nowadays. Several newly built apartment blocks and adaptive re-use
projects have been realized and many are under preparation.
The presence of the nearby city center, a technical university and Airport Eindhoven creates
development opportunities which are generally favourable. Above all, Eindhovens ambition to be a
Brainport Region provides a perfect creative and investment climate for Strijp-S. According to the
Intelligent Community Forum (ICF) Eindhoven was the worlds smartest region in 2011, a top
technology breeding ground for innovation and home to world-class businesses, knowledge
institutes and research institutions. Together they design and manufacture the technology of the
future to ensure a safe, green and caring society and sustainable economic development of the
Netherlands.7 Nevertheless, due to the economic crisis, which has negative effects on property sale,
the current PPP may need adjustments. Expenses exceed income and the budget neutral goal is
probably not feasible anymore.
DBFMO International School Eindhoven
The former Constant Rebecque military base is located just north of Strijp-S in Eindhoven. Designed
in 1937-1938 by architect A.G.M. Boost, its buildings are listed and the site is situated in a
recreational landscape rich in forests between the city and the countryside. The City of Eindhoven
decided to transform the old military base into an international school campus for children of
expatriates, to enhance the ambition to be Brainport Region Eindhoven. Two locally based
international schools were interested to the idea and established a separate institute called
International School Eindhoven (ISE, 2009), to support the project and will provide education for
1150 students. Besides education, the project aims to be a meeting place for expatriates and their
children by providing day care, a mediacenter, two indoor playgrounds, an auditorium and a
cafeteria. Furthermore 300 parking places and several sporting facilities are being planned, such as a
sports hall, a football field and a athletics track.
Besides conversion into an international school, the City of Eindhoven wanted to maintain the green
character and historical features of the site. All these objectives were integrated in an Ambition
Document, which served as a masterplan. To ensure heritage preservation, two surveys were
produced, one focusing on the distinctive assets of the structure itself and one focusing on the
context of the building site. The first is called a building history exploration (Bouwhistorische
Verkenning) and the second a cultural historical exploration (Cultuurhistorische Verkenning). These
explorations dont only explain the history, both also determine the most valuable features and,
important as part of a design process, give recommendations what to do with it as starting point for
the future development. This eventually had an strong influence on the Ambition Document. For
instance, to preserve the former open military exercise area as an asset to the future development,
several new functions are built