B3

1a Darian

1b Wes

1c Linda

1d ---

2a Justin

2b Leilany

2c Taylor

2d Krysten

3a Jamaal

3b Yahaira

3c Tyshawn

3d ---

4a Omar

4b Cornesha

4c Arlo

4d Sarah

5a Chris

5b Anna

5c Angelique

5d Petra

6a Olivia

6b Darrell

6c Natalie

6d John

7a Anne

7b Faustino

7c Mackie

7d ---

Tally So Far Class Coin Tally Points Tally Total Points

A1 Pennies: 540 Nickels: 5 Dimes: 10 Quarters: 13 Dollars: 4

+540 -20 -100 -325 -400

-305

A2 Pennies: 8 Nickels: 4 Dimes: 4 Quarters: 0 Dollars: 1

+8 -20 -40 0 -100

-152

A3 Pennies: 946 Nickels: 27 Dimes: 40 Quarters: 6 Dollars: 1

+946 -135 -400 -150 -100

161

Tally So Far

Class Coin Tally Points Tally Total Points

B2 Pennies: 269 Nickels: 2 Dimes: 5 Quarters: 0 Dollars: 1

+269 -10 -50 0 -100

109

B3 Pennies: 1 Nickels: 0 Dimes: 0 Quarters: 1 Dollars: 1

+1 0 0 -25 -100

-124

B4 Pennies: 244 Nickels: 4 Dimes: 4 Quarters: 4 Dollars: 2

+244 -20 -40 -100 -100

-16

1941

•Pearl Harbor (Dc. 7)

1942

•Bataan Death March (April)

•Battle of Midway (June)

1943

•Battle of Guadacanal (February)

1944

•Battle for Marianas (June)

•Bombing Japan (November)

1945

•Fire bomb Tokyo (March)

•Battle of Iwo Jima (April)

•Regain Philippines (May)

•Battle of Okinawa (June)

•Atomic Bombs (August)

•V-J Day (September 2)

1941

1942

•Battle of Atlantic

•Stalingrad (September)

•Battle of El Alamein (October)

•Invasion of North African (November)

1943

•Italy Surrenders (September)

1944

•Fall of Rome (June)

•D-Day (June 6)

•Liberation of Paris (August)

•Battle of the Bulge (December)

1945

•Fall of Berlin (April)

•V-E Day (May 7)

WW2 Decisions

• When the United States entered World War II, the Axis forces were superior in both number and strength.

• Military analysts for the United States and its allies had to determine which strategies to pursue to defeat the dominating Axis powers.

• You will take on the roles of military analysts and make recommendations for how to win the war.

Read Introduction

How was the U.S. unprepared for the Battle of the Atlantic?

Read: Preparing for War in Europe

Identify North Africa, Poland, and the Soviet Union and label each with a star.

Write three facts about events that occurred in these areas.

Preparing for War in Europe

North Africa

• Hitler hoped to cut off the Allies’ oil from the Middle East by securing North Africa for the Axis powers and pushing the British out of Egypt.

• By June 1942, Nazis had taken much of North Africa and had driven deep into Egypt.

Poland

• Poles were treated with contempt by the Nazis and Jews were forced into ghettos. Thousands died from disease and starvation in the Warsaw Ghetto.

• Six death camps were built in Poland and equipped with gas chambers, in which tens of thousands were killed each month.

Soviet Union

• The Nazis invaded the western part of the Soviet Union using blitzkrieg tactics.

• German forces approached Moscow and the oil-rich Caucasus.

Decision Time: February 1942

• The United States recently entered the war on the side of the Allies. Unfortunately, the United States has limited military divisions ready for immediate deployment to Europe.

• Which military strategy do you advise President Roosevelt to pursue?

Decision Time: February 1942

A. Deploy divisions to Britain. Launch an immediate cross-channel invasion of France. Then move eastward to liberate Paris.

B. Deploy divisions to the Mediterranean and launch an invasion of Italy from naval ships. Capture the island of Sicily first and then advance north onto the mainland.

C. Defend the Soviet Union. Move Allied divisions into the western part of the Soviet Union and help the Red Army defend itself against German divisions.

D. Launch an invasion of North Africa from Egypt and from naval ships in the Atlantic. Advance toward Tunisia and defeat German divisions.

A

B

C

D

Read: War in Europe

Identify southern Italy and Stalingrad and label each with a star.

Write three facts about events that occurred in these areas.

War in Europe Southern Italy

• The Allies used North Africa as a staging area to invade the island of Sicily in southern Italy.

• Italy surrendered to the Allies and soon declared war on Germany, though German forces remained in Italy and battled Allied forces as they moved north.

Stalingrad

• By mid-September, Axis troops had trapped a large Soviet force inside of Stalingrad.

• The Soviet Red Army launched a counteroffensive against the Nazi assault.

• The German troops were surrounded and surrendered to the Soviets.

• More than 200,000 German and 1 million Soviet soldiers died in the Battle of Stalingrad.

Decision Time: June 1942

• The Japanese control most of the Pacific. The Allies are using the majority of their resources to fight the war in Europe. Given the current situation, which military strategy do you advise President Roosevelt to pursue?

< D

B

C

A

Decision Time: June 1942

A. Create a staging area in inland China. Launch an air assault on the nearby Japanese mainland.

B. Liberate Japanese-occupied islands in the Pacific. Create a staging area on each liberated island and prepare for the next advance.

C. Build air bases in the Aleutian Islands. Launch bombing raids directly on the Japanese mainland by using the new B-29 bombers.

D. Contain the Japanese and stop their expansion in the Pacific. Wait until the war is won in Europe and then increase Allied forces in the Pacific.

Read: Preparing for War in the Pacific

Identify the Philippines, Tokyo, and the Coral Sea and label each with a star.

Write three facts about events that occurred in these areas.

Preparing for War in the Pacific

Philippines

• Americans and Filipinos battled a fierce Japanese onslaught. Roosevelt ordered Gen. MacArthur to leave the Philippines.

• Japanese rounded up 70,000 American and Filipino prisoners and marched them up the Bataan Peninsula to a prison camp (more than 7,000 died)

Tokyo

• 16 American bombers bombed Tokyo and other Japanese cities.

• The bombs did little damage to Japan, but the surprise raids thrilled Americans and shocked the Japanese into putting more resources into defending the home islands.

http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_vault/2014/03/13/map_interactive_visualizing_firebomb_damage_done_to_japan_during_wwii_through.html

Preparing for War in the Pacific Coral Sea

• Japan was moving to isolate Australia, so the Americans sent a small naval force to the Coral Sea.

• The Battle of the Coral Sea was fought entirely by carrier-based aircraft. Warships never came within sight of each other.

• Americans gained a strategic victory despite fairly even losses.

Decision Time: August 1944

• The U.S. military has just acquired detailed information about the location of concentration camps in Europe.

• Which military strategy do you advise President Roosevelt to pursue?

Decision Time: August 1944

A. Divert some of the American planes to bomb concentration camps. In addition, bomb all railroads leading to the camps.

B. Refrain from bombing concentration camps.

C. Maintain current precision bombing raids and reevaluate the decision in six months.

Discussion

• Select your first presenter. The presenter should stand while speaking.

• When your teacher directs, have your presenter stand and begin with the phrase, “Our group believes . . .”

• The presenter should ask for a show of hands of which groups have a new point to make, and then call on another group.

• The new presenter must begin with the phrase, “Our group respectfully agrees/disagrees with your group because . . .”

• Continue until all ideas are shared

Read: War in Europe

Identify Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge and label each with a star.

Write three facts about events that occurred in these areas.

War in Europe Normandy

• Operation Overlord (D-Day) called for an invasion of France on the beaches of Normandy.

• By the end of the first day, the Allies held 59 miles of the Normandy coast.

• From Normandy, Allied troops began a rapid sweep across France and liberated Paris in August 1944.

Battle of the Bulge

• Last German offensive on the western front - Germans smashed into the American forces, creating a large bulge in the Allied line.

• Allied air support and the support of General Patton’s Third Army forced the Germans to withdraw.

PD 6.8

Cultural Differences in Warfare

• How did the Japanese style of fighting impact Allied attitudes and tactics?

• Do you think race/ethnicity played a role in the differences between fighting the Japanese and fighting the Germans?

Right in the Plexiglas Nose

• How did the author’s 1st mission impact his attitude toward missions to come?

Comparing the Fronts: Europe

Comparing the Fronts: Pacific

“The Two Theaters of War”

Europe • Varied Terrain

• Dealing with Civilian populations

• Urban fighting

Pacific • Jungle warfare, temperatures

over 100 degrees

• No real civilian populations except places like Okinawa and Saipan

Read: War in the Pacific

Identify Midway and Okinawa and label each with a star.

Write three facts about events that occurred in these areas.

War in the Pacific

Midway • Americans intercepted a message telling of plans for an attack at Midway. • American planes demolished the enemy force. • Japan never recovered from the loss of naval carriers and so many of its experienced pilots. Okinawa • Okinawa would give the Americans a prime staging area for the invasion of Japan. • The Allies launched a large amphibious invasion in April 1945. • Combat in Okinawa continued for two months and claimed the lives of more than 100,000 American and Japanese soldiers.

Atomic Bomb – PD 6.9

Decision Time: August 1, 1945

• Despite Allied victory in Europe, the war in the Pacific continues. Although some predict that Japan is close to surrendering, others warn that if the Japanese do not surrender, an invasion of Japan will take many months and may result in the deaths of thousands of Allied forces.

• President Truman has just informed you that the United States has at its disposal several atomic bombs. Given this information, which strategy do you advise President Truman to pursue?

Decision Time: August 1, 1945

A. Drop an atomic bomb on a large Japanese city. Continue to drop bombs on other cities until Japan surrenders.

B. Plan a large-scale invasion of Japan. Prepare staging areas on nearby islands and attack Japan by air and sea.

C. Wait as long as needed for Japan to surrender. Continue the naval blockade and massive bombing raids.

Read: War in the Pacific

Identify Hiroshima and Nagasaki and label each with a star.

Write three facts about events that occurred in these areas.

War in the Pacific

Hiroshima and Nagasaki • On August 6, 1945 an American bomber dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima, instantly killing as many as 80,000 Japanese. • Thousands of structures toppled and hundreds of fires consumed the city as a result of the bombing. • Three days later the United States dropped a second atomic bomb on the city of Nagasaki, instantly killing some 40,000 people. • As a result of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, up to 250,000 people may have died from burns, radiation poisoning, or cancer. • The destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki brought a Japanese surrender.

WW2 Conferences

Casablanca (Jan. 1943):

Churchill and Roosevelt

Increase pressure on Japan; demand unconditional surrender

Tehran (winter 1943):

Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin

Agreed to open a second front against Nazi Germany

Yalta (Feb. 1945):

Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin

Intended mainly to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe

Potsdam (July 1945):

Churchill, Truman, Stalin

Decided how to administer punishment to the defeated Nazi Germany.

Goals included the establishment of post-war order

Russia agreed to enter against Japan

Japan must accept unconditional surrender or face prompt and utter destruction

Discussion

• Select your first presenter. The presenter should stand while speaking.

• When your teacher directs, have your presenter stand and begin with the phrase, “Our group believes . . .”

• The presenter should ask for a show of hands of which groups have a new point to make, and then call on another group.

• The new presenter must begin with the phrase, “Our group respectfully agrees/disagrees with your group because . . .”

• Continue until all ideas are shared