Power Point Alam Sekitar Asas Tahap II

8/18/2019 Power Point Alam Sekitar Asas Tahap II

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PERINGKAT ASAS

Disediakan oleh: Jawatankuasa Teknikal Kebangsaan

Kadet Pertahanan Awam KAPA!

"##$

JA%ATAN PERTA&ANAN A'A((A)A*SIA

http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://web7.bernama.com/bernama/newspic/re/KL06_150306_PENCEMARAN%2520.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.bernama.com/kpdnhep/news.php%3Fid%3D185753%26lang%3Dmy&h=200&w=300&sz=70&hl=en&start=24&usg=___O3zFysaB4MKcMDW3XCZBEVs98M=&tbnid=lwXZZ8sLM4i34M:&tbnh=77&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpencemaran%2Bsungai%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://malay.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2007/10/31/pencemaran.asap01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://malay.cri.cn/136/2007/10/31/42%4076258.htm&h=348&w=260&sz=27&hl=en&start=30&usg=__m8knw91Kz8y7X6LrSuFY8jdFJ8k=&tbnid=oyLwJA1Z3lSBCM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=90&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpencemaran%2Balam%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://members.tripod.com/~lttan/smog.jpg&imgrefurl=http://members.tripod.com/~lttan/index.html&h=344&w=509&sz=55&hl=en&start=3&usg=__KFGYJXnUs-I3ubVQgYtmCxFwb-s=&tbnid=7_XESyM-NHc99M:&tbnh=89&tbnw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpencemaran%2Balam%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.sungaijuru.com/news/data/upimages/P8310250.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sungaijuru.com/bm/pollution.php&h=300&w=400&sz=52&hl=en&start=35&usg=__u38W_eJUY08lPnKIUA7x-r2xIMs=&tbnid=_9jf9xxyggi_VM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DALAM%2BSEKITAR%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v440/niduz/KeKAS/IMG_0189_resize_resize.jpg&imgrefurl=http://izzu.blogspot.com/2006/03/kem-kesedaran-alam-sekitar.html&h=300&w=400&sz=65&hl=en&start=22&usg=__rLZ7SYopQQaZtbx9wFdJ9uTHKyo=&tbnid=53tSrrij5kHqNM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DALAM%2BSEKITAR%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN


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KADET PERTAHANAN

AWAM MALAYSIA

PERINGKAT ASAS

TAHAP II( SUMBER AIR SEMULAJADI )


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71 % permuk! "um#$##pu u& '7 %$r#p$ #r #!# $*m+#! ,!- $k

".e* $#m#!um %"er$ $#ku&u" $!*!, /0 % +* #r&er$p& $# $r&!$m pe"-#

+um"er &e&p#ke"!,k!!, &e*&er2emr

PENGEN L N


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Dari mana datangnya air minuman kita ?


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AI R LAR I AN T AN AH

+,NTIDAK

TEP-PER(EA%)E +,NE!

SEJATPE)-&AN .## billion m.!E/AP,TRANSPIRATI,N!

A'AN

0),-DS!

TENAGA

(ATA&ARIS-N ENERG*!

AIR )ARIAN 1234155 billion m.!PER(-KAANS-R6A0E R-N4,66!

PEN*-S-PANIN6I)TRATI,N!

S-NGAI 77 billion m.!RI/ER!

TASIK )AKE!

)A-TSEA!

SEJATANE/AP,RATI,N!

( - K A AI R T AN A& ' AT E R T A%)E !+,NTEP-

AI R % A' A& T AN A& 2 3 4 5 8 b i l l i o n

G R, - N D ' AT E R 6 ), ' !

&-JAN 77# billion m.!RAIN!

SUMBER AIR SEMULAJADI

KABUS

EMBUN

MATAAIR


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U!&uk

me!1$#k!!,

kep$ #r

m#!um!3 %m

Semu%1$#

mempu!,#

+#+&em r4&!

#r ,!- "e-#&u

me!k1u"k!( I

me!--u!k!

m&*r#3 %!-#&

$! *mp#r +ep

e%eme! $# "um#

u!&uk

me!-*+#%k! #r

*#$up ,!- +#*&

+emu%1$#(

KITARAN AIR SEMULAJADI


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KEPENTINGAN AIR


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KEPENTINGAN AIR

9 Domestik

9 Pertanian

9 Habitat

9 Penternakan9 Industri

9 Kuasa Hidro

9 Riadah/rekreasi

9 Pengangkutan


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Mystery snail

KUMPULAN MOLLUSCS

HIDUPAN AKUATIK


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Leeches (looping) flatworms (flat body)

&airworms no segment no tenta;les!

'orm long < thin with = >1segments!

Kum?ulan 0a;ing

HIDUPAN AKUATIK


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3.a

Caddis fly larvae

Kum?ulan )ar@a

.a> 0ased 9 ;addis BC lar@ae .a" 0aseless ;addis BC

.b (oth lar@ae ointed legs < ?rolegs!

.; Alder BC lar@ae

.d DobsonBC lar@aelong s?ikes on ea;h side o thebodC short tails end in " ?rongs

with hooks

HIDUPAN AKUATIK


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. %eetle lar@ae

. 6lC lar@ae F >1 segments

like worms or

maggots someha@e head!

HIDUPAN AKUATIK


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0RA%

6reshwater ?rawns

HIDUPAN AKUATIK

Kumpulan Krustasea


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Kumu!an Nimh Serangga

1> a DragonBC nCm?hs

1>b AlderBC lar@ae

HIDUPAN AKUATIK


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1"b DamselBC 9 demoiselle

4 no segment " tailed demoiselle

HIDUPAN AKUATIK


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1. a (aCBC with gills!

1. b DamselBC no gills! 9 damselBC 4 demoiselle


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5> 'ater bugs

r water boatman

HIDUPAN AKUATIK


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5. sura;e li@ing animals


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PEN5EMARAN AIR

PENCEMARAN DARI PUNCA TETAP

- pembuangan sisa dari kilang- pembuangan sisa dari loji

kumbahan

- pembuangan sisa dari sektor

penternakan

- Penejukan loji


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PENCEMARAN AIR

PENCEMARAN !U"AN PUNCA TETAP

- akti#iti pembangunan tanah

- air larian ter$emar seperti

tumpahan minak% baja

tumbuhan dan lain-lain


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SUMBER PENCEMARAN

Industri Pertanian

BAHAN !NC!"A#

•Pestisid•!aja•&edimen

!uangan Industri•E''luen•&edimen ( kelodak

•!uangan "omersial•&isa pepejal•)aba

!uangan *rganik•Najis manusia dan haiwan•Buangan makanan (food

waste)-restoran, geraimakanan•!engkel kereta ( $u$i kereta•Minak + lain-lain

Perumahan


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KESAN-KESAN PENCEMARAN AIR

• Peningkatan kos pembersihan

dan bekalan air minuman• )idupan akuatik akan teran$am

• "esihatan terganggu , penakitang dibaa oleh air.

• /angguan penggunaankemudahan rekreasi

• 0enomena 1 2algal bloom3(tumbuhan

• Penggunaan air bersih terjejas– "esan nutrien% logam berat


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The Star 12/5/05

EFFECT OF WATER POLLUTIONEFFECT OF WATER POLLUTION


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LANGKAH6LANGKAH KAWALAN

•Menjalankan "empen 2Cintailah &ungai "ita• "ilang-kilang perlu mengadakan &istem Pengolahan E''luenPerindustrian

• &etiap taman perumahan perlu ada &istem Pengolahan"umbahan Domestik

• Penjimatan air

• /otong-roong membersihkan sungai• 4angan buang sampah ke dalam sungai• Tapak-tapak pelupusan sampah perlu mengolah air resapan

sampah• Pemantauan kualiti air sungai oleh agensi kerajaan +

komuniti• Penguatkuasaan Akta "ualiti Alam &ekitar 5678


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Power Point Alam Sekitar Asas Tahap II