Power Plant IssuesAPPA Discussion

June 28 2006

J.E. FultonCPS Energy

CPS Plans to Add a New Coal Unit

• Type : Pulverized Coal, Hybrid Pressure (2520 psi, 1050 oF, 1050 oF)

• Location: Calaveras Lake• Fuel: Powder River Basin Coal• Size: 750 MW• Heat Rate: 9,300 BTU/KWH• Proposed Permit Levels (annual averages)

– SO2 - 0.06 Lb/MMBTU (wet limestone scrubber)– NOx - 0.05 Lb/MMBTU (SCR)– PM - 0.022 Lb/MMBTU (fabric filter) (collectibles + condensables)

– Hg - 0.00002 Lb/MWH (oxidation and/or sorbent injection)

CPS’ Approach to Licensing

Summary of CPS Licensing Approachfor New Coal Unit

• Began with some of the lowest emission rate coal units in the U.S.

• Exemplary emissions performance of corporate coal fleet

• Began strategic energy planning process well in advance of need. CPS strategic energy planning project has been in progress 5+ years now. New coal unit a major element of the process. Board adopted strategic energy plan on June 30, 2003

• Involved the public early on – Public involvement began 3.5 years ago

Summary of CPS Licensing Approach for New Coal Unit

• Went well beyond Best Available Control Technology (BACT) levels for new coal unit

• Provided offsets for emissions from the proposed coal plant

• Applied Mercury Maximum Available Control Technology (MACT) as originally proposed

• Added renewables and conservation to the strategic energy portfolio

• Took, and continue to take, message to the community

Sample of Public Involvement

• Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC)– Frequent updates since 2001

• Southeast Quadrant Citizens’ Advisory Group– More than 20 meetings since October 1, 2002

• Environmental Health Oversight Committee– 11 meetings since December 2, 2003

• All these groups continue to meet for periodic updates

• Public has provided substantive input– CPS adopted public input as commitments to Community

• Five Town Hall Meetings– 4/6/04 Ed White Middle School– 4/8/04 John Marshall High School– 4/13/04 Sam Houston High School– 4/15/04 John F. Kennedy High School– 4/27/04 East Central High School

• TCEQ Public Meeting– December 16 2004

Sample of Public Involvement

Timeline of Major Events• Spring 2001 – Internal committee Comprehensive Energy

Resource Coordination and Implementation Team (CERCIT) established to identify energy options and develop strategic energy plan

• October 2002 – Established Southeast Quadrant Citizens Advisory Group (SEQCAG)

• June 30, 2003 – CPS Board gave approval to proceed with the strategic energy plan including the new coal unit

• November 21, 2003 – Permit application submitted to TCEQ

• January 12, 2004 – TCEQ finds permit application to be administratively complete

• November 5, 2004 – TCEQ issues draft permit. This process took more than 1 year from initial application and the draft permit had only minor changes from the application

• December 16, 2004 – TCEQ holds public meeting on draft permit at East Central High School

• May 18, 2005 – Contested hearing – determination of party status and adoption of schedule

Timeline of Major Events

• May 18–Sept 12, 2005 Discovery and Deposition period• Sept 30, 2005 CPS files its direct case and provides

witness list• Oct 24, 2005 Opposition files its direct case and provides

witness list• Nov 9, 2005 Objections to direct cases due• Nov 28, 2005 Prehearing conference• Dec 5–9, 2005 Hearing on merits• Jan 16, 2006 File closing arguments and briefs• March 27, 2006 Record of Decision (expected)

• Dec 5, 2006 – Hearing settled!• Dec 28, 2006 – Permit Issued!

Timeline of Major Events

What were the Issues of Concern?

• Project not Needed– Conservation/Renewables are adequate to meet needs

• TCEQ should Regulate CO2

– Permit does not propose CO2 limit– Applicant has not identified Best Available Control Technology (BACT) for

CO2

• BACT Issues– Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle = BACT– Mercury emissions are too high

• Health Impacts – Environmental Justice issues

• Visibility Issues– Visibility impact on Big Bend National Park– Increment Consumption at Big Bend

Based upon comments by protestants

240

545

760

768

910

180

1445

1460

120

30

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

Preliminary Scoping

CERCIT Committee

Public Participation (SEQCAG)

Licensing

Public Participation (EHOC)

Bidding/Selection

Detailed Engineering

Construction

Startup/Shakedown

Commercial Operation

Timeline for New Unit

Today

Time in Days

CPS’ Key Environmental Commitments to the Community

• Use of Best Available Control Technology on new unit• Enhance coal yard environmental controls• Reduce existing emissions so there will be no net increase in

aggregate emissions as a result of new unit going on-line• 10% renewables commitment by 2015 (~ 600 MW)• Increase spending on conservation programs• Enhanced air quality monitoring program around plant• Community environmental health awareness program• New Unit will be brought under Ch. 117 NOx cap• Additional emissions reductions from existing units so there

will be a substantial net decrease in aggregate emissions after new unit goes on-line

Comparison of Recently Permitted PC UnitsProject Size and Fuel Used

Black

Hill

s (W

YGEN I)

Black

Hill

s (W

YGEN II)

Corn B

elt E

nergy

Rocky

Mounta

in P

ower

Newm

ont (TS P

ower N

v)

Whel

an E

nergy

Cente

r - H

astin

gs

Two Elk

Southwes

t Unit

#2 -

(Sprin

gfield

, MO)

Wes

ton 4

(WI P

ublic S

ervi

ce C

o.)

KCP&L (Haw

thorn

)

Longview

Power

(Gen

Power)

OPPD - Neb

rask

a City

Unit

2

Sand S

age

(Sunflo

wer)

Council B

luffs

(Mid

Am

eric

a)

Spruce

2

Roundup (Bull

Mounta

in)

Plum

Poin

t Power

Sta

tion

Tucson -

Springer

ville

Inte

rmounta

in P

ower -

Unit #3

Sante

e Cooper

/Cro

ss U

nits 3

&4

Elm R

oad G

ener

atin

g (WI E

lec.

)

Prairi

e Sta

te

Thoroughbre

d

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600Project Size - Total MW

2

22

22

2

Bituminous Coals

Subbituminous Coals

2 Number of units in power ratingOperating unit

29 total units at 23 different plants

Permit Constituent Matrix

Sp

ruce

2

Bla

ck H

ills

(WY

GE

N I)

Bla

ck H

ills

(WY

GE

N II

)

Co

rn B

elt

En

erg

y

Co

un

cil B

luff

s (M

id

Am

eric

a)

Elm

Ro

ad G

ener

atin

g (

WI

Ele

c.)

Inte

rmo

un

tain

Po

wer

-

Un

it #

3

KC

P&

L (

Haw

tho

rn)

Lo

ng

view

Po

wer

(G

enP

ow

er)

New

mo

nt

(TS

Po

wer

Nv)

OP

PD

- N

ebra

ska

Cit

y U

nit

2

Plu

m P

oin

t P

ow

er S

tati

on

Pra

irie

Sta

te

Ro

cky

Mo

un

tain

Po

wer

Ro

un

du

p (

Bu

ll M

ou

nta

in)

San

d S

age

(Su

nfl

ow

er)

San

tee

Co

op

er/C

ross

U

nit

s 3&

4

So

uth

wes

t U

nit

#2

- (S

pri

ng

fiel

d, M

O)

Th

oro

ug

hb

red

Tu

cso

n -

Sp

rin

ger

ville

Tw

o E

lk

Wes

ton

4 (

WI P

ub

lic

Ser

vice

Co

.)

Wh

elan

En

erg

y C

ente

r -

Has

tin

gs

NOx Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

SO2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

PM (F+C) Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes

PM (F) Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes No No No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No

CO Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

VOC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

HF Yes No No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes

Lead Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No

Mercury Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No

H2 SO4 Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes

HCL Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

NH3 Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

This matrix identifies whether the indicated compound is included in the following charts

Comparison of Recently Permitted PC UnitsTechnology Matrix

Bla

ck

Hil

ls (

WY

GE

N I)

Bla

ck

Hil

ls (

WY

GE

N II

)

Co

rn B

elt

En

erg

y

Co

un

cil

Blu

ffs

(M

id

Am

eri

ca)

Elm

Ro

ad

Ge

ne

rati

ng

(W

I E

lec

.)

Inte

rmo

un

tain

Po

we

r -

Un

it #

3

KC

P&

L (

Haw

tho

rn)

Lo

ng

vie

w P

ow

er

(Ge

nP

ow

er)

New

mo

nt

(TS

Po

we

r N

v)

OP

PD

- N

eb

ras

ka C

ity

Un

it

2

Plu

m P

oin

t P

ow

er S

tati

on

Pra

irie

Sta

te

Ro

ck

y M

ou

nta

in P

ow

er

Ro

un

du

p (

Bu

ll M

ou

nta

in)

San

d S

age

(S

un

flo

we

r)

San

tee

Co

op

er/

Cro

ss

U

nit

s 3

&4

So

uth

we

st

Un

it #

2 -

(S

pri

ng

fie

ld, M

O)

Sp

ruc

e 2

Th

oro

ug

hb

red

Tu

cs

on

- S

pri

ng

erv

ille

Tw

o E

lk

Wes

ton

4 (

WI

Pu

bli

c

Ser

vic

e C

o.)

Wh

ela

n E

ne

rgy

Ce

nte

r -

Has

tin

gs

NOx CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

SCR SCRCC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

SCRCC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

CC/ SCR

SCR

SO2Dry FGD

Dry FGD

Wet FGD

Dry FGD

Wet FGD

Wet FGD

Dry FGD

Wet FGD

Dry FGD

Dry FGD

Dry FGD

Wet FGD

Dry FGD

Dry FGD

Dry FGD

Wet FGD

Dry FGD

Wet FGD

Wet FGD

Dry FGD

Dry FGD

Dry FGD

Dry FGD

PM-10 FF FF ESP FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF ESP FF FF FF ESP FF FF ESP FF FF FF FF

CO GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP

VOC GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP

Other ACI WESP DSIWESP/ACI

WESP

Subbituminous Coal

Bituminous Coal

FF - Fabric Filter (Baghouse)ESP -Electrostatic Precipitator

ACI - Activatd Carbon InjectionDSI - Dry Sorbent Injection

GCP- Good Combustion Practice

CC -Combustion Controls FGD - Flue Gas Desulfurization

WESP - Wet Electrostatic Precipitator

Comparison of Recently Permitted PC UnitsCumulative Emission Rates - all compounds

Spruce

2

Longview

Power

(Gen

Power)

Newm

ont (TS P

ower N

v)

Black

Hill

s (W

YGEN II)

Inte

rmounta

in P

ower -

Unit #3

Wes

ton 4

(WI P

ublic S

ervi

ce C

o.)

OPPD - Neb

rask

a City

Unit

2

Council B

luffs

(Mid

Am

eric

a)

Southwes

t Unit

#2 -(

Springfie

ld, M

O)

Roundup (Bull

Mounta

in)

Elm R

oad G

ener

atin

g (WI E

lec.

)

Whel

an E

nergy

Cente

r - H

astin

gs

Thoroughbre

d

Sand S

age

(Sunflo

wer)

KCP&L (Haw

thorn

)

Rocky

Mounta

in P

ower

Two Elk

Sante

e Cooper

/Cro

ss U

nits 3

&4

Prairi

e Sta

te

Plum

Poin

t Power

Sta

tion

Corn B

elt E

nergy

Black

Hill

s (W

YGEN I)

Tucson -

Springer

ville

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0Cumulative Emission Limit for All Compounds - Lb/MMBTU

X Indicates permit issued after Spruce 2 determined to be administratively complete

XX

X X X X XX X X

Subbituminous Coal

Bituminous Coal

Spruce 2 unit (Subbituminous Coal)

Operating unit

Note: The sum for Spruce 2 includes all 11 pollutants. No other unit includes more than 9 units in the sum!

Environmental Enhancements at Existing CPS Coal Units

Item Date Cost

System NOx Reductions 1999 - 2004 $55 million

Enhanced Monitoring Program

2003 - 2009 $3 million

Coal Yard Dust Controls 2003 - 2004 $4.0 million

Gas Startup at JTD 2006 - 2007 $6.0 million

Baghouse Retrofit at JTD 2006 - 2007 $92 million

Additional Coal NOx Controls

2005 - 2007 $15 million

Enhance Existing Scrubber 2008 - 2009 $10 million

Scrubber Retrofits at JTD 2012 - 2013 $209 million

Total Cost - $394 million

Green – completed Orange – In Progress Red - Budgeted

(completed)

(completed)

(completed)

(in progress)

(in progress)

(in progress)

(budgeted)

(budgeted)

Local Emissions of Criteria Pollutants And CPS Contribution

CO VOC PM-10 NOx SO20

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400Emissions in Tons per Day

Total Bexar County CPS Sources

Total local emissions of criteria pollutants - 2,016 tons per dayTotal CPS emissions of criteria pollutants - 139 tons per dayCPS accounts for 6.9% of local emissions of criteria pollutants

After completion of new unit and environmental upgradesTotals CPS emissions will be about 44 tons per day orAbout 2.1% of locally emitted criteria pollutants

CPS Air Emissions from CoalPast, Present and Future

Past Present Future 0

10

20

30

40

50

60Air Emissions -Thousand Tons per Year

Sulfur Dioxide Nitrogen Oxides Particulate Matter

69% Reduction in Emissions!

1997 - 1450 MW

2003 - 1450 MW

2013 - 2200 MW

52% Increasein Power

Mercury in Water at CPS LakesBraunig and Calaveras Lakes - 2001

Braunig

Lak

e 1

Braunig

Lak

e 2

Braunig

Lak

e - S

urface

Braunig

Lak

e - D

eep

Braunig

Lak

e 4

Braunig

Lak

e 5

Calav

eras

Lak

e 1

Calav

eras

Lak

e 2

Calav

eras

Lak

e 3

Calav

eras

Lak

e - s

urface

Calav

eras

Lak

e - d

eep

Calav

eras

Lak

e 5

San A

ntonio

Riv

er0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5Mercury in water column in ppb

EPA Drinking Water Standard - 2 ppb

Mercury in Water at CPS LakesBraunig and Calaveras Lakes - 2001

Braunig

Lak

e 1

Braunig

Lak

e 2

Braunig

Lak

e - S

urface

Braunig

Lak

e - D

eep

Braunig

Lak

e 4

Braunig

Lak

e 5

Calav

eras

Lak

e 1

Calav

eras

Lak

e 2

Calav

eras

Lak

e 3

Calav

eras

Lak

e - s

urface

Calav

eras

Lak

e - d

eep

Calav

eras

Lak

e 5

San A

ntonio

Riv

er0.0000

0.0002

0.0004

0.0006

0.0008

0.0010

0.0012

0.0014

0.0016Mercury in Water Column, Parts Per Billion

Calaveras Lake Mercury in FishYear 2002

Large

Mouth

Bas

s 1

Large

Mouth

Bas

s 2

Large

Mouth

Bas

s 3

Redfis

h 1

Redfis

h 2

Redfis

h 3

Channel

Cat

fish 1

Channel

Cat

fish 2

Channel

Cat

fish 3

Tilapia

Thread

fin S

had

Blueg

ill0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.2

Mercury Levels in Fish - mg/kg (wet)

TDH Advisory Level 0.7 mg/kg

FDA Advisory Level 1.0 mg/kg

EPA Suggested Level 0.3 mg/kg

Figure 10

Braunig Lake Mercury in FishYear 2002

Large

Mouth

Bas

s 1

Large

Mouth

Bas

s 1

Large

Mouth

Bas

s 3

Channel

Cat

fish 1

Channel

Cat

fish 2

Channel

Cat

fish 3

Hybrid

-stri

ped B

ass

Hybrid

-stri

ped B

ass

Hybrid

-stri

ped B

ass

Tilapia

spp.

Thread

fin S

had

Blueg

ill0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.2

Mercury Level in Fish - mg/kg (wet)

TDH Advisory Level 0.7 mg/kg

FDA Advisory Level 1.0 mg/kg

EPA Suggested Level 0.3 mg/kg

Generating Unit Emission Rates - 2004Combined SO2 plus NOx - Lb/MMBTU

0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 1 00

1 20

1 40

1 60

1 80

2 00

2 20

2 40

2 60

2 80

3 00

3 20

3 40

3 60

3 80

4 00

4 20

4 40

4 60

4 80

5 00

5 20

5 40

5 60

5 80

6 00

6 20

6 40

6 60

6 80

7 00

7 20

7 40

7 60

7 80

8 00

8 20

8 40

8 60

8 80

9 00

9 20

9 40

9 60

9 80

1 00 0

1 02 0

Numerical Ranking of Units - Worst to Best

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7Combined Emission Rates of NOx plus SO2 - Lb/MMBTU

1,027 coal units reporting emissions in 2004

J.T. Deely 1 2004 emissions rate was .783, ranking #804 or 218th best in nation (top 21% in nation)J.T. Deely 2 2004 emissions rate was .779, ranking #809 or 213th best in nation (top 21% in nation)J.K. Spruce 2004 emissions rate was .327, ranking #1008 or 20th best in nation (top 2 % in nation)J.K. Spruce 2 permit proposed at 0.11, will be best in nation.

U.S. Average emission rate = 1.294 Lb/MMBTU

Deely Units = .781

Spruce unit = .327

Fifty Best Power Plant Emission Rates - 2004Combined Nitrogen Oxide and Sulfur Dioxide in Lb/MMBTU

Cheroke

e

Cope Sta

tion C

OP1

Sam S

eym

our 3

Laram

ie R

iver

2

Inte

rmounta

in 1

SGA

Centra

lia B

W21

Bonanza

1

Craig

C2

Rawhid

e Ener

gy Sta

tion 1

01

Navaj

o Gen

erat

ing S

tatio

n 1

Cholla 2

Lawre

nce E

nergy

Cente

r 4

Reid G

ardner

4

Navaj

o Gen

erat

ing S

tatio

n 2

Inte

rmounta

in 2

SGA

Musc

atin

e 9

Peter

sburg

1

R D G

reen

G2

Reid G

ardner

3

Wes

twood 3

1

Navaj

o Gen

erat

ing S

tatio

n 2

Clove

r Power

Sta

tion 2

Sewar

d 1

Sewar

d 2

Centra

lia B

W22

Cross

1

Clove

r Power

Sta

tion 1

Mec

klen

burg P

ower S

tatio

n 2

Mec

klen

burg P

ower S

tatio

n 1

Peter

sburg

2

J K S

pruce

1

Curtis

H. Sta

nton E

nergy

Cente

r 2

Bridgep

ort Har

bor Sta

tion B

HB3

AES Som

erse

t (Kin

tigh )

1

Altavi

sta

Power S

tatio

n 2

Altavi

sta

Power S

tatio

n 1

Mt.

Carm

el C

ogener

atio

n SG-1

01

Lawre

nce E

nergy

Cente

r 5

Craig

C1

Neil S

impso

n II 1

F B C

ulley

Gener

atin

g Sta

tion 3

Red H

ills

Gener

atio

n Fac

ility

AA00

1

Shiras

3

Red H

ills

Gener

atio

n Fac

ility

AA00

2

Wyg

en 1

Polk 1

Northsi

de 2A

Northsi

de 1A

W A

Par

ish W

AP8

Hawth

orn 5

A

Spruce

2 P

erm

it0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5Combined Emissions of NOx plus SO2 in 2004 - Lb/MMBTU

Spruce 2 PermitSpruce 1 Actual

Approximate Overall Pollutant Control LevelsRelative to Uncontrolled Emissions

• Following Environmental Upgrades Program and Installation of New Coal Unit

– Particulate Matter >99.8%– Sulfur Dioxide 90 – 95%– Nitrogen Oxides 85 – 90%– Mercury 85 – 90%

The End

Questions?

Air Quality Monitors in San Antonio

C622

Generating Unit Emission Rates - 2004SO2 emission rate - Lb/MMBTU

Source: EPA acid rain database

0 20 40 60 80 100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

360

380

400

420

440

460

480

500

520

540

560

580

600

620

640

660

680

700

720

740

760

780

800

820

840

860

880

900

920

940

960

980

1000

1020

Numerical Ranking of Units - Worst to Best

0

1

2

3

4

5

6SO2 Emission Rate - Lb/MMBTU

1,027 coal units reporting emissions in 2004

Best 50 Units

Fifty Best Power Plant Emission Rates - 2004Sulfur Dioxide in Lb/MMBTU

Prewitt

Esc

alan

te G

ener

atin

g Sta

tion 1

Hayden

H1

Cheroke

e 4

Red H

ills

Gener

atio

n Fac

ility

AA00

2

Shiras

3

Hayden

H2

Neil S

impso

n II 1

Peter

sburg

2

Conemau

gh 1

Conemau

gh 2

Craig

C3

Wyg

en 1

Lawre

nce E

nergy

Cente

r 5

Cheroke

e 3

Valm

ont 5

Peter

sburg

1

Colstri

p 4

Mount S

torm

Power

Sta

tion 2

Craig

C2

Mount S

torm

Power

Sta

tion 1

Colstri

p 3

Reid G

ardner

4

Hawth

orn 5

A

Sam S

eym

our 3

Centra

lia B

W22

Cholla 2

Musc

atin

e 9

R D G

reen

G2

Rawhid

e Ener

gy Sta

tion 1

01

Mec

klen

burg P

ower S

tatio

n 1

Lawre

nce E

nergy

Cente

r 4

Mec

klen

burg P

ower S

tatio

n 2

Southam

pton P

ower S

tatio

n 2

Clove

r Power

Sta

tion 1

Clove

r Power

Sta

tion 2

Mount S

torm

Power

Sta

tion 3

Southam

pton P

ower S

tatio

n 1

Bonanza

1

Hunter (

Emer

y) 3

Inte

rmounta

in 2

SGA

Inte

rmounta

in 1

SGA

Navaj

o Gen

erat

ing S

tatio

n 3

Reid G

ardner

1

Reid G

ardner

2

Reid G

ardner

3

Altavi

sta

Power S

tatio

n 2

Altavi

sta

Power S

tatio

n 1

Navaj

o Gen

erat

ing S

tatio

n 1

Craig

C1

Navaj

o Gen

erat

ing S

tatio

n 2

Spruce

2 P

erm

it

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14Sulfur Dioxide Emission Rates for 2004 - Lb/MMBTU

IGCC UnitCFB UnitSpruce 2 Permit

Source: EPA acid rain database

Generating Unit Emission Rates - 2004Nitrogen Oxides in Lb/MMBTU

0 20 40 60 80 100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

360

380

400

420

440

460

480

500

520

540

560

580

600

620

640

660

680

700

720

740

760

780

800

820

840

860

880

900

920

940

960

980

1000

1020

Numerical Ranking of Units - Worst to Best

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20NOx Emission Rates - Lb/MMBTU

1,027 coal units reporting emissions in 2004

Best 50 Units

Source: EPA acid rain database

Fifty Best Power Plant Emission Rates - 2004Nitrogen Oxides in Lb/MMBTU

Colum

bia 1

Hennep

in P

ower S

tatio

n 1

Will

County

4

Crawfo

rd 8

Will

County

3

AES Som

erse

t (Kin

tigh )

1

Big B

rown 1

Hennep

in P

ower S

tatio

n 2

South O

ak C

reek

7

Milt

on L K

app 2

South O

ak C

reek

8

Scher

er 3

Scher

er 4

Sewar

d 2

Jolie

t 29

81

Shiras

3

Crawfo

rd 7

Jolie

t 29

82

Newto

n 1

Joppa

Steam

5

Joppa

Steam

6

Wyg

en 1

Fisk

19

Joppa

Steam

4

Sewar

d 1

Joppa

Steam

3

Joppa

Steam

1

Joppa

Steam

2

Gibbons

Creek

1

Labad

ie 4

Labad

ie 2

Jolie

t 29

71

Jolie

t 29

72

Newto

n 2

Labad

ie 1

Red H

ills

Gener

atio

n Fac

ility

AA00

2

Labad

ie 3

Red H

ills

Gener

atio

n Fac

ility

AA00

1

Rush Is

land 2

Mt.

Carm

el C

ogener

atio

n sg-1

01

Sam S

eym

our 1

Baldwin

Ener

gy Com

plex

3

Rush Is

land 1

Mar

ion 1

23

Hawth

orn 5

A

Northsi

de 2A

Northsi

de 1A

Polk 1

W A

Par

ish 7

W A

Par

ish 8

W A

Par

ish 6

W A

Par

ish 6

Spruce

2 P

erm

it

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16NOx Emission Rate for 2004 - Lb/MMBTU

IGCC UnitCFB UnitSpruce 2 Permit

Source: EPA acid rain database

Power Plant Technology in Use2004 EPA Data

Coal Technology Number of Units

Pulverized Coal 882Cyclone 78

Cell Burner 34CFB 16

Stoker 14other 2IGCC 1Total 1027

Selected Demographic Data for Bexar County (CPS Service Territory)

• Population (3/1/00) 1,392,931• Population Rank 24• Population Growth Rate 17.5% per decade• Population Breakdown

– Hispanic 54.3%– White 36.0%– Black 7.2%– Other 2.5%

• Median Age 32.1

• Median Household Income $32,374

• Personal Income per capita $23,852

• Personal Income % of National Avg. 87.7%

• Persons Below Poverty Level 247,843

Selected Demographic Data for Bexar County (CPS Service Territory) con’t