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Power and Influence
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Understand Project Management
Understand the Project ManagementLife Cycle within Your Organization
Understand The Organizational Influences within Your Organization
· System· Culture· Style· Structure· PMO
Know and use the power of Project Management
Being a successful Communicator
Be willing to make the right decision and make it happen
Power and Influence• ‘Influence’ is the process by which one
person follows another’s advice, suggestion, or order.
• ‘Power’ is a personal or positional attribute, which is the base of an influencer’s influence
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Power and Influence
• Power and Influence are among the most important factors involved in Human Resource Management.
• These factors determine the framework within which the Project Manager works to influence his or her Project Team and other Human Resources.
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Seven Power Sources of a Project Manager
• Legitimate Power / Formal• Coercive Power • Reward Power• Expert Power (Technical)• Referent Power / Charismatic• Purse Strings• Bureaucratic
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Characteristics of Power
Modified strength of legitimate & othersOrganizational Climate
ExpertKnowledge and Experience
ExpertReputation
Reward, Legitimate, ReferentPosition in organizational hierarchy
Reward, Referent, LegitimateDegree of Control
Base of PowerCharacteristics
Characteristics of Power
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Of the available sources of power, those most often used by Project Managers are:
• Reward• Technical Expertise• Bureaucratic
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Organization vs. Authority
Organization AuthorityFunctional None to Low
Project Expediter Low
Project Coordinator Low
Weak Matrix Low to Medium
Balanced Matrix Medium
Strong Matrix Medium to High
Projectized High
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Some Do’s And Don’ts Relative to the Use of Power:
• Reward and Expert Power are the most successful forms of power to use for creating a favorable climate and influencing behavior on a project team.
• The Project Manager should use Legitimate Power in conjunction with Expert And Reward Power whenever possible.
• If possible, the Project Manager should avoid using Coercive Power.
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• There are three main methods of personal influence in a formal organization:
– Authority– Persuasion– Control
Influence and the Project Manager
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Influence and the Project Manager
• To use the Authority Method, the Project Manager must have Formal or Legitimate Power
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Influence and the Project Manager
• In order for a Project Manager to use the Persuasion Method, he or she must possess Expert Or Referent Power
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Influence and the Project Manager
• The Project Manager who wants to use the Control Method needs to have Coercive or Reward Power
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