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Postwar Social Changespacket notes
The Roaring Twenties
During the 1920s, new technology brought people closer and led to a period of excitement and change.
*Radio
*more affordable cars
*better telephones
*the motion picture
-After the war people got a sense of freedom and rebelled against tradition
-New Music*Jazz— the 1920s were known as the Jazz Age (musicians such as
Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong made jazz famous)
Women’s Lives
After WWI, there was limited progress in women’s rights.
-During the war, many women took over men’s jobs but left them when the men returned from battle
-Because of the efforts of women during war, they got the right to vote in some Western countries
-Housework became quicker and easier with new technology
*Washing machines
*Vacuum cleaners
-women began to participate in sports and the arts because they had more free time
Reactions to the Jazz Age
-Prohibition
*those who were against the new, free lifestyle of the 1920s supported the ban of alcohol
*the 18th Amendment created Prohibition in 1919
Reactions to Prohibition:
*illegal production of alcohol
*speakeasies, or illegal bars
*Prohibition ended in 1933
The Christian Reaction
*Fundamental Christianity spread (supported traditional Christian
ideas and believed in the Bible as the source of truth)
*the Scopes Trial (convicted for teaching evolution rather than creation)
The New Literature
A huge amount of literature was published in the 1920s.
-War Literature
*All Quiet on the Western Front!
-the Lost Generation
*after WWI many writers lost faith in society
*authors were deeply affected by war and were called the “Lost Generation”
The Harlem Renaissance
*an African American cultural awakening
*showed African American pride through literature, as well as music and art
New Scientific Theories
-Marie Curie and Radioactivity *her discoveries dealing with
radioactivity and the atom changed the world of science
*her work showed the progress that women were making in society as well
-Einstein’s Theory of Relativity *introduced a new way of thinking about space and time *made people even more confused and unsettled about the world around them
-Fleming Discovers Penicillin *a Scottish scientist accidentally
discovered the antibiotic, which is still used today
-Freud Probes the Mind
*Sigmund Freud was a revolutionary psychologist who talked about how the subconscious affects our behavior and how behavior is shaped by internal conflict *contributed a lot to psychology
Modern Art and Architecture
Broke away from tradition and formed new, less realistic styles
-Painting *Cubism *Abstract Art *Dada (nontraditional—created shocking and disturbing images) *Surrealism (showed the tension that Freud was talking about!)
-Architecture
*new styles (Frank Lloyd Wright)
*incorporated new technology and materials
Looking Ahead…
After WWI shook society, many people changed their ways of life. At first, there was a sense of freedom but this eventually gave way to the less hopeful “Lost Generation”.
And then at the end of the 1920s…
The Great Depression hit!