Postwar Social Change(1920–1929)

TO

Women’s Changing Roles Flapper- the new young woman1- Smoked2- Drank3- Short Hair 4- Short Dresses (19.5 to 7 ,

school)5- Rebellious

Charles Lindbergh First to Fly Across the Atlantic Ocean (33hrs)

Americans on the MoveChanges in Demographics- stats that describe a population

African-American Migration North (story)

Barrios- Spanish Speaking Neighborhoods

Speakeasies- underground bars

18th amendment-prohibition3 goals 1.) eliminate drunk and abuse at home2.) stop prostitution and gambling 3.) prevent work absenteeism

Bootlegger-drinkers who had flasks of liquor in the legs or their boots-suppliers of illegal alcohol

Mass Media and JazzMass media-are print, film, and broadcast

methods of communication informing large numbers of people (FDR)

Jazz age is the term used to describe the 1920’s.

**Charleston Dance

Radio’s Between 1922 and 1929 the number of

household radio’s rose from 60,000 to 10,250,000. (A 16,983% increase)

This created a national culture

Tesla

Charlie ChaplinWidely known for his silent films

The big change in movies was the introduction of sound

Louis Armstrong

Duke Ellington-famous composer and bandleader (today)

JazzWas brought to northern cities by southern

African Americans The most popular place to listen to Jazz was

the Harlem district of New York City

Lost GenerationWas a group of people disconnected from

their country’s valuesMany of them left the United States and

settled in Paris (F. Scott Fitz)

Harlem RenaissanceWas an African American literary awakeningLeader was James Weldon Johnson

Racketeering 1.) gangsters would bribe police and other

officials to ignore illegal operations2.) gangsters forced local business and pay a

fee for protection (157)

FundamentalismSet of religious beliefs held by religious

traditionalistsBilly Sunday (100 mill/anti-booze)

Anti-Fundamentalism1.) Science played a bigger role2.) War caused more people to question God 3.) Scholars said the Bible was written by

humans (had contradictions)

Scopes “Monkey” Trial – A science teacher (John Scopes) was tried for teaching the theory of evolution in a science class in a public school in Tennessee.

Scopes Monkey Trial-first trial over the radioWanted to teach evolution in schoolMen (Darrow) vs God (Bryan on stand)

(teeth)

Race RiotsWere caused by overcrowded neighborhoods

(double size, stone throwing)Chicago 1919: 23 African-Americans killed

and 15 white people killed

Revival of the KKK in the 1920’sHated:

AA’sCatholicsJewsImmigrants

Marcus GarveyWanted to send his

people back to “Motherland Africa”

Ended up getting deported

Lenin and Communism 1.)government owned all land

and property 2.) 1 party controlled

government3.) countries needs took

priority over the rights of individuals

Red scare-fear of communism and other politically racial ideas led to bank runs what is that?

Palmer RaidsMitchell Palmer was United States Attorney

General His house was bombed which convinced him

there was going to be a radical overthrow of government

Arrested thousands of possible socialists and communists (500,holiday)

Steel and Coal StrikesInflation doubled the cost of livingUnited States Steel Corporation, 350,000 and

lostUnited Mine Workers of America, won with a

14th percent raise

Isolationism- avoid political and economic alliances w/ foreign counties (LofN)

Disarmament- a program that the nations of the world would volunteer to give up weapons

Kellog-Briand Pact-60 nations pledged not to use the threat of war with one another, BUT UNREALISTIC AND NO ENFORCEMENT/

Ex:I PROMISE NOT TO HIT YOU, HAVE KID SIGN A PIECE OF PAPER.

Domestic issues1- Patriotism 2- Religion3- City/Urban Conditions4- Jobs5- Red Scare

Quota-numerical limit on immigrants representing certain nationsNational origins act of 1924 was based on 1890 census

Ireland 1890 1,871,509

Italy 1890 44,230

Ireland 1920 744,810

Italy 1920 1,610,113

A Consumer EconomyInstallment plan-partial

payments at set intervals (girl from college)(90%)

GNP-total value of good and services a country produces annually

Welfare Capitalismto avoid union intervention, prevent strikes

and keep production up employers wages up paid vacationhealth recreation programs

Cities and Suburbs in the 1920s 6 million people moved from rural areas to

the cities.African Americans moved North to work in

factories.Mexicans moved into California and Texas as

cheap labor.Canadians moved into New England and New

York to work in mills.Increased transportation allowed suburbs to

develop outside cities.

1920’s cont…Between 1900 and 1920 life expectancy had

risen by more than ten yearsUnemployment was just below 4 percent!

Problems with the EconomyDespite all the stock market success, it was

mainly the rich who got richerIn 1929, 200 large companies controlled

American business

Speculation people could buy things on credit with or

without $high risk investments in hope of getting a

huge return

Buying on Margin allowed investors to purchase a stock for only a fraction of the price (10 to 50 percent) and borrow the rest

If the stock went up borrows could sell the stock and pay off the loan, interest charge and still make money

Henry FordAssembly line- each worker

does ONE specialized task in the construction of the final product

-model “T” (pic)-5 dollars a day???

Great Depression Date of Stock market crash October 29th, 1929 Dow Jones-an average of the stock prices of

major industries (sheet)Black Tuesday- the day of the stock market

crash- 16.4 million shares sold in relation to 4 to 8 million on an average day. FEAR-get out when you can

Business cycle-a span in which the economy grows and contracts