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Postgraduate Study. BIOE 1010 Professional Development. So you really love taking classes …. Majority of BioEs continue coursework with some form of graduate study Necessary to get ahead in many jobs Many options available – med school, grad school, business, law, etc. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Postgraduate Study
BIOE 1010
Professional Development
We bring life to engineering!
So you really love taking classes …
Majority of BioEs continue coursework with some form of graduate study– Necessary to get ahead in many jobs
Many options available – med school, grad school, business, law, etc.
Keep an open mind (and pay attention …)– Many students change their minds about what
they want to do– Just ask the graduating seniors what they plan on
doing after graduation today vs. 2 – 3 years ago
We bring life to engineering!
Why medical school?
Required to practice medicine as a licensed M.D. or D.O.– Both M.D.s and D.O.s can perform surgery and
prescribe medication– D.O.s typically use chiropractic or holistic methods
for diagnosis and treatment of disease
Perform basic or medical research in academic or industrial setting
Health care administration and public policy
We bring life to engineering!
Medical school prerequisites
Complete the following courses– One year of Biology– One year of Physics– One year of English– Two years of Chemistry through Organic
Chemistry Take the Medical College Admission Test
(MCAT) Volunteering, extracurricular activities or work
experiences (industry or research)
We bring life to engineering!
MCAT
Standardized test (like ACT/SAT) Day long (8 hr) test with the following sections
– Verbal reasoning (comprehension, evaluation, etc)– Physical sciences (physics, chemistry & math)– Writing sample (grammar, logical thought, etc)– Biological sciences (molecular, cellular and human
biology; organic chemistry) 15 points / section + separate writing score http://www.aamc.org/students/mcat/start.htm
for more information
We bring life to engineering!
AMCAS application
Uniform application for medical school admission
Can apply to many schools with one application
Over 100 schools use AMCAS application– Includes all OH & MI medical schools
You should still check with individual schools for any additional application requirements– Ex: MCO may request secondary application with
recommendation letters
We bring life to engineering!
AMCAS application
Biographical information Essay (one page limit)
– Why you have selected the field of medicine– What should medical schools know about you that is
not mentioned elsewhere in the application– Special hardships, challenges or obstacles that may
have influenced your educational pursuits– Explain significant fluctuations in your academic
record not mentioned elsewhere in the application Post-secondary experiences – jobs, volunteer
positions, awards, extracurricular activities
We bring life to engineering!
AMCAS application
List schools attended Request official transcripts - use AMCAS form List all post-secondary courses you enrolled in
regardless if credit was received GPA calculation – includes transfer credits and
repeated courses! See http://www.aamc.org for more details
– Instructions for students applying for Fall 2003 admission are already available
See http://www.ada.org and http://www.adea.org for dental school admissions information
We bring life to engineering!
What to expect in medical school
First two years are spent in class 8 hours per day, 5 days per week
First year courses are basic sciences– Biochemistry and cell biology– Anatomy, histology and immunology– Neuroscience and physiology– Clinical skills, ethics, etc.
Second year courses are medical sciences– Pathology, pathophysiology, pharmacology
Take Part I of Board Exam after second year
We bring life to engineering!
What to expect in medical school
Last two years are spent in the clinic Clinical rotations are full-time positions
– Include nights and weekends on call Required clinical rotations in third year
– Medicine, surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry and obstetrics/gynecology
Elective clinical rotations in fourth year Apply for residency and take Part II of Board
Exam
We bring life to engineering!
Life after medical school
A minimum of three years spent in residency to receive further training in an area of specialization
Take board exam for your area of specialization
Can do fellowship after residency, usually for research or extreme area of specialization
Then earn the big bucks and play golf every Thursday (yeah, right …)
We bring life to engineering!
Financial considerations
Money should not be your primary goal in becoming a physician– Medical school is expensive– First real paycheck comes 7 years after graduating
from college– Requires substantial commitment and desire to
become a practicing physician Money should not be obstacle to attending
medical school– You can repay much of the debt when you are a
resident
We bring life to engineering!
Why business school?
To learn management principles for supervising employees
To understand the business aspects (such as finance and marketing) of product development
Many engineers obtain M.B.A.s to pursue management positions in larger corporations
We bring life to engineering!
Business school prerequisites
Required coursework varies by school– Your engineering education should be
sufficient for most schools– You may need an economics course
Take the GMAT examIndustrial experience (co-op or full-time)
is desirable
We bring life to engineering!
GMAT
Half day long (~4 hr) test with the following sections– Analytical writing– Quantitative reasoning– Verbal reasoning
Complex scoring - total scores range from 200 – 800
See http://www.gmac.com for more information
We bring life to engineering!
Business school courses
Typically a 1 ½ - 2 year programCurriculum varies widely
– Investigate coursework before you applyCore courses
– Accounting, finance, marketing and management
Elective courses to specialize in one of the core areas listed above
We bring life to engineering!
Why law school?
To practice criminal lawTo practice civil lawTo work on patents for new productsTo work on legal and tax issues for
corporationsLaw school results in a J.D. degree
We bring life to engineering!
Law school prerequisites
A bachelor’s degree in just about any program
Take the LSAT examStandardized application – LSDASSee http://www.lsac.org/ for more
information
We bring life to engineering!
LSAT
Half day long (~4 hour) test with the following sections– Reading comprehension– Analytical reasoning– Writing sample
Score ranges from 120 – 180See http://www.lsac.org/ for more
information
We bring life to engineering!
Law school courses
Typically a 3 year program Core courses
– Contracts, property, constitutional law and criminal law
Electives for specialization– Business, civil, criminal, labor, estates, patents,
family, property and tax law
Must take state bar exam to obtain license to practice law
We bring life to engineering!
Why graduate school?
To specialize in a technical area– Allows you to do more technical work– May help you advance in your job
To do research in an academic or industrial setting
Grad school results in a masters degree or a Ph.D.
We bring life to engineering!
Graduate school prerequisites
Varies with each programMany programs require the GRE exam
– Two sections: Verbal and Quantitative – Also have engineering subject test– Scoring ranges from 200 – 800 for each
section, 200 – 1000 for subject test– See http://www.gre.org/ for more
information
We bring life to engineering!
Graduate school curriculum
Courses vary by program and schoolTwo types of masters programs:
coursework intensive and research intensive
Research intensive masters program may require a thesis
A PhD program is research intensive and requires a thesis
We bring life to engineering!
How do I decide on a graduate program?
Talk to the experts– Students in various programs– Professionals in your area of interest– Advisors and counselors
Visit schools, hospitals, etc.If the classes look interesting, the work
probably will be too!
We bring life to engineering!
Timeline for graduate study
This is a general timeline to apply for graduate study Take home message – start thinking about this at least a year
before you graduate– Not much time and effort required– Can always apply now and decide not to enroll later– Easier than not applying now and deciding you want to go later
Assumes graduation in Spring of 5th year– April of 4th year – take the applicable standardized test(s)– Summer of 4th year – retake test(s) if needed– Fall of 5th year – obtain recommendation letters if needed– Fall of 5th year - send out applications to various programs– Fall of 5th year – apply for scholarships if applicable– Spring of 5th year – interview and select program to enroll in