Poster Presentations - Weeblygreen-biotechbd.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/7/0/19709963/...M. Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal*, Md. Ziaur Rahman Md. Samsul Alam, Md. Azizul Islam Department of Biotechnology

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Poster Presentations

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BMPP 01

Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaves of Saurauia roxburghii

Yunus Ahmed1*, Parul Akther2, Shahab Uddin Ahmed3, Faridul Islam4 and Shakila Rahman 5 1Department of Chemistry, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET)

Chittagong-4349, Bangladesh. 2Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4341, Bangladesh.

3Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

4Drugs and toxins Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR),Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh.

5Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Email:[email protected]

Abstract: Four triterpenoids and two steroids are isolated from the crude extracts of Saurauia roxburghii (Family: Actinidiaceae). 3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid1,2, 2α,3β-dihydroxyolea-12-en-28-oic acid and 3β-hydroxy-olea-12-en (β-amyrin)2 are isolated from chloroform extract as well as 3β-hydroxy-olea-12-en-28-oic acid1,2, Stigmasterol3 and β-sitosterol3 are isolated from n-hexane extract. The crude ethanol extract exhibited significant and n-Hexane, ethyl-acetate chloroform, extracts exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against most of the test organisms. The column fraction H-13 of the crude extract of n-Hexane and the column fractions C-15 and C-19 of the crude extract of chloroform showed poor to mild activity against most of the test organisms. 3β-hydroxy-olea-12-en-28-oic acid,3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28- oic acid, β-amyrin and Stigmasterol showed moderate activity against most of the test organisms. Key words: Saurauia roxburghii, Actinidiaceae, triterpenoid, steroid and antimicrobial activity.

BMPP 02 An Attempt to Virotype Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Urine Samples

Md. Julkernine Julfiker, Azizur Rahman, Md. Shariful Islam, Bishwajit Roy Sirajul Islam Khan, Anowara Begum and Humaira Akhter*

Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000 E mail: [email protected], [email protected]

The study was undertaken to determine whether uropathogenic Escherichia coli were able to carry diarrhea causing virulence genes. A total of 40 urine samples were collected were collected from patients with urinary tract infections, of the National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU) Bangladesh, between March 2010 and June 2011. Fourteen strains were found to carry different sized plasmids. Twenty two of these strains of E. coli did not reveal any plasmid but still showed resistance to several drugs like ampicillin, oxacillin, vancomycin. For these isolates, drug

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resistance properties may be related to chromosome-mediated mechanisms e.g. drug efflux pumps, β- lactamases enzyme etc. Molecular typing by Multiplex PCR method on diarrhea causing virulent genes revealed that only one single isolate carried the estA gene that corresponds to Enterotoxigenic E. coli. This study suggests a possible association of drug resistant pattern other than plasmid which is alarming to public health. Furthermore, it was observed that multidrug resistant uropathogens may not be classified to virotypes since these strains may not be carrying the suspected virulent genes.

BMPP 03

Isolation and Characterization of Vibrio fluvialis Strains Isolated from River Water Md. Mamunul Karim, Chowdhury Rafiqul Ahsan

Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka Email: [email protected]

Abstract: Vibrio fluvialis is a salt tolerant pathogen which causes gastroenteritis in humans depending on the seasonal variation. Normally, it inhabits in marine and estuarine environments. However, the occurrence of this halophilic organism in fresh water has also been reported in Bangladesh. It is probably related to tidal drift of the organism from the upper reaches of rivers or to its introduction by ambulatory cases or carriers. A total of six isolates were collected from the sediment of the Meghna River, which is very close to the capital city, Dhaka. This present study was carried out to determine the presence or absence of cholera toxin, cytotoxin, toxR, tdh and trh gene. All the strains were negative for cholera toxin when the culture filtrates were tested against anti-cholera toxin by agarose gel double immunodiffusion technique. However, culture filtrates prepared from all isolates were found to lyse the Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells, indicating the cytotoxic activity of the culture filtrates. On the other hand, all the strains were found negative for all virulent genes. This study indicated the presence of V. fluvialis in the environment sources which might have toxigenic properties. V. fluvialis ranks very high as a human health hazard amongst bacterial pathogens as well as a contaminant in foods and food products and causes impairment in both fresh water and marine environments. The prime challenge in preventing the spread of this pathogen is poverty, which goes with poor sanitization, which has always been a bane of developing nations. So, this is need for proper surveillance of water, food and sanitation facilities to eradicate V. fluvialis malaise. Key words: Cytotoxin, toxR, tdh, trh gene, Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells

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BTPP 01

Anti-bacterial Evaluation and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Analysis of Nerium oleander Against

Bacterial Pathogens M. Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal*, Md. Ziaur Rahman

Md. Samsul Alam, Md. Azizul Islam Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh

Email: [email protected]

Abstract: In this present study, it is tried to find out the antimicrobial effect and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Nerium oleander against Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina lutea, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae with commercially , available antibiotic discs . Powered leaves were prepared and used for extraction with various solvents, viz, The petroleum ether, and chloroform extract of the Oleander. All the solvent extracts were evaporated to dryness in air. Using the disc diffusion metho, the bacterial growth were inhibited, Among the solvent extracts tested, Petroleum ether extract inhibited the growth of all the tested bacteria having various degrees of inhibition zones. Highest inhibitory activity was observed against Escherichia coli (1.9cm ) and minimum inhibitory concentration was observed 2µg/ml also against Escherichia coli. Both result were observed in case of petroleum ether extract. Nerium oleander showed inhibitory zone 1.8 cm,1.4 cm and 1.5cm of petroleum ether extract against Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina lutea and Klebsiella Pneumoniae .And also inhibition zone of 1.2 cm, 1.6 cm, 1.8 cm, 1.5 cm of chloroform extract was observed against Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina lutea, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae respectively . On the basis of this experimental result, it can be concluded that Petroleum ether extract of Nerium oleander could be considered for further isolation and evaluation as therapeutic antimicrobial agent. Key words : Medicinal plants , antibacterial activity , Nerium oleander, MIC .

BTPP 02

Antibacterial Activity of Stem Extract of Cissus Quadrangularis Against some Infectious and Industrial Waste Watered Bacteria

Monokesh Kumer Sen*, Kanis Fatema and Hossain Md. Faruquee Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Cissus quadrangularis a perennial climber widely used in traditional medicinal systems of Bangladesh has been reported to posses bone fracture healing, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anthelmintic, antihemorrhoidal and analgesic activities. The stem extract of Cissus quadrangularis with five solvents (Petroleum sprit , methanol , ethyl acetate , dichloromethane and aquous extract) were tested for antibacterial activities against some infectious microorganisms i.e. Sarcina lutea, Xanthomonas campestris, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and some industrial (Tannery , Tobacco , Sugar mill) waste watered bacteria by disc diffusion method. Among the five extracts ethyl acetate showed maximum antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas campestris and industrial waste watered bacteria. Methanol and aqueous extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas campestris and industrial watered bacteria. Petroleum sprit and dichloromethane were ineffective against all of the tested bacteria. Key Words: Cissus quadrangularis , Antibacterial and Infectious bacteria.

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BTPP 03

Detection and Analysis of Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT): A Bioinformatics Approach

Papia Jahan, Abdullah-Al-Emran Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani

Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail. Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: Horizontal gene transfer is of great scientist interest as the transferred genes perform many medically important functions, such as conferring antibiotic resistance, improved detection of horizontally transferred genes from sequence data would be an important advance. Horizontal gene transfer means the direct transfer of genetic materials from species to unrelated genetic materials and genetic engineering involves designing artificial constructs to cross between species and unveiled genomes. In the human genome project horizontal gene transfer becomes a promising area due to a huge amount data is produced which needs a high-throughput sequencing techniques. This review describes different programs: BLAST and DaliLite, SplitsTree, NeighborNet, T-RE X (Tree and Reticulogram Reconstruction) for MS Windows and RHOM (Research of homogenous regions in DNA sequences) for Linux, which help to graphical display of estimated sequence positions for the candidates in horizontal gene transfer techniques. BLAST and DaliLite is a program, which helps to measure of protein sequence and structural similarities among different COGS protein in horizontal gene transfer.T-REX is complete and partial horizontal gene transfer detection and validation method, which provides a phylogenetic tree between the donor and species from the gene, and species distance matrices. T-Rex is a user-friendly graphical interface program, which draws a reticulation network that can be useful for depicting morphological or genetic similarities among the host and receptors but RHOM is graphically designed to estimate a more realistic model of DNA sequence composition, which can be used in horizontal gene transfer to statistically calculate the significance of word counting.

BTPP 04

Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene G>T and T>C Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis of Impaired Glucose

Tolerance in a Subjects of Bangladeshi Origin M. Shahabuddin1, A. Siddika2, M. Das2, I. Khan2, M. S. Akhter1, M. Billah1

Z. Hassan2 and L. Ali2 1Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9205, Bangladesh

2Biomedical Research Group (BMRG), BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been found implicated with impaired pancreatic B cell secretion and glucose intolerance. The present study was undertaken to determine genotype of VDR gene Apa1 (G>T) and Taq1 (T>C) polymorphism of a group of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) subjects of Bangladeshi origin and investigate its association with its insulin sensitivity and cell secretory capacity. A total number of 54 IGT subjects were recruited in the study

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and 68 healthy subjects served as control. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed and IGT was diagnosed following WHO Guidelines. Glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured by following standard laboratory methods. Insulin was estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and insulin secretory capacity (HOMA%B) and sensitivity (HOMA%S) were determined using HOMA-Sigma Software. DNA was isolated using QIAGEN Blood DNA Kit which utilizes silica gel DNA separation. VDR gene variants [G>T and T>C] were analyzed by PCR-RFLP using restriction enzymes Apa1 and Taq1 respectively. Data were managed using Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows version 10. Unpaired Student’s-‘t’ test and Chi-squared tests were performed where appropriate. Circulatory insulin level was found to be higher (p<0.001) and reflected in their lower insulin sensitivity (as judged by HOMA%S) level (p=0.003). The G>T genotypes frequencies in the control and IGT were 0.176, 0.618, 0.206 (wild, heterozygous variants and homozygous variants respectively) and 0.185, 0.537, 0.278 respectively. The T>C genotypes frequencies were in the control were 0.500, 0.456, 0.044 (wild, heterozygous variants and homozygous variants respectively) and IGT 0.444, 0.426, 0.130 respectively. Genotypes frequencies of G>T and T>C polymorphisms did not show significant association with IGT (p=0.606 and 0.230 respectively). Wild and Variant genotypes of the two marker allele did not show significant difference regarding glucose level (fasting and 2 hour postprandial) and insulinemic status (absolute insulin, HOMA%B and HOMA%S) either in Controls or IGT subjects. It was concluded that i) VDR gene Apa1 (G>T) and Taq1 (T>C) polymorphic alleles are not associated with IGT of Bangladeshi origin; (ii) The polymorphic marker alleles did not have any effect on fasting and two hour blood glucose and insulinemic status of the IGT and Controls; and (iii) The data reconfirmed that lower insulin sensitivity is predominantly present in the IGT subjects of Bangladeshi origin.

BTPP 05

Growth and Yield Performance of Onion as Affected by Different Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

Md. Mahfuz Al Masud, Dr. Md. Kawser Ali Department of Crop science & Technology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205


Onion is an important spice crop in Bangladesh. But due to lack of modern technological facilities its production level is not in a satisfactory stage. Besides these, most of the farmers of our country use fertilizers according to their thinking pattern. They do not know the optimum dose of fertilizers specially nitrogen and phosphorus for increasing growth and yield of onion. They use fertilizers injudiciously without maintaining proper dose of nitrogen and phosphorus. The onion production can be increased mainly in two ways, one by extending the land area under cultivation which is nearly impossible in aspect of Bangladesh and the other by increasing the productivity of the crop. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of onions at varying levels. The experiment is being conducted at crop science field, Department of Crop Science and Technology, University of Rajshahi, during the years of 2011-2012. The experiment has been laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The research work is still going on. It is strongly expected that the successful completion of this work must contribute to proper productive knowledge of farmer communities in our country in terms of optimal doses of nitrogen and phosphorus for increasing growth and yield of onion.

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BTPP 06

In vitro Regeneration of Helianthus annuus Mahmuda Yeasmin, Deepika dey, Md. Azizul Islam, Saidul Islam

Md. Nazmuzzaman,M. Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal* Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh


Abstract: Many crops in Bangladesh have their medicinal value and economical value. Helianthus annuus is such type of crops. It is necessary to focus on the importance of adopting micro propagation technique for mass propagation of the plantlets in commercial scale as well as conservation and distribution of germplasm. The present investigation has been designed with a view to establishing protocol of invitro regeneration of Helianthus annuus shoot tips and nodal segments were used for multiple shoot induction of medicinal plants. For micro propagation all explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various plant growth regulators. The most effective surface sterilization treatment for explants of Helianthus annuus has been found 0.1% HgCl2 for 7 minutes. Multiple shoot formation was observed from both shoot tips and nodal segments for the studied plants. In Helianthus annuus maximum number of shoot from shoot tip per culture was recorded in MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP and the highest number of shoot from nodal segment was observed in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.5 mg/ml NAA. From the overall experiment, it was observed that nodal segments are more responsive for micro propagation than shoot tips for Helianthus annuus. Regenerated shoots of Helianthus annuus were rooted most effectively in full MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l NAA.

BTPP 07

In vitro Plant Regeneration from Nodal Explants of Bitter Gourd (Momordica Charantia L.)

K. J. Ferdouse, F. K. Saikot, M. E. Haque, B. Sikdar and M. F. Hasan Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi– 6205, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected]

The present investigation was carried out to establish a suitable protocol for callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) from nodal segments of in vitro grown plants. The highest percentage (96.66%) of callus was achieved from nodal segment on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/l BAP+0.50 mg/l NAA within two weeks of inoculation. The callus produced highest percentage of shoot (90.00%) when it was cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5.00 mg/l BAP +2.00 mg/l Kn within 10 days of culture. In vitro grown microshoots were rooted on MS medium with 0.5 mg/l NAA after 15 days of culture. In vitro grown plantlets with well root system were successfully established in natural condition through successive phages of acclimatization. The survival rate of plantlets was found to be 96.66% in the natural condition.

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BTPP 08

Screening of Antimicrobial Activity of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Stem and Root Extracts

M. F. Hasan and B. Sikdar

Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi‐6205, Bangladesh


The present research work was conducted at Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi during June 2009 to July 2011. Antimicrobial activity of Coccinia grandis plant was studied. Stem and root were used as plant material which was extracted in petroleum ether and methanol solvent. In the present investigation, antimicrobial screening of plant extracts was performed by disc diffusion method against some pathogenic bacteria (both gram-positive and gram-negative) and fungi. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution technique to determine antibacterial potency. From the experiments, stem and root extract showed significant antibacterial activities. On the other hand, stem and root extracts showed less strong antifungal activities. The results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the plant extracts possessed strong antimicrobial activities that can be selected for folk medicine against some pathogenic microbial diseases.

BTPP 09

In vitro Clonal Propagation of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) through Axillary Bud Explant

Md. Abdur Rauf Sarkar1, Md. Enamul Haque2, Biswanath Sikdar2

1Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh

2Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

An efficient regeneration method via axillary bud has been develop for Jatropha curcas, which is a promising plant for biofuel production and as well as a medicinal. This was achieved of MS medium with BAP, IBA and GA3. Adventitious buds were directly induced from the axillary bud explants under the condition with the combinations of BA 0.5-2.0 mg/L, IBA 0.1-0.3 mg/L and GA3 0.2-0.5 mg/l within three to four weeks of inoculation. Of which BA 2.0 mg/L, IBA 0.1 mg/L and GA3 0.3 mg/L induced the highest regeneration frequency. On an average, within a period of three subcultures, shoot regeneration from callus required the different combinations of BA 0.1-2.0 mg/L, NAA 0.1-0.3 mg/L, IBA 0.1-0.5 mg/L and GA3 0.1-0.5 mg/L. The most suitable combination was BA 2.0 mg/L, NAA 0.1 mg/L and GA3 0.3 mg/l. Plants were rooted on ½ strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (1.0-3.0 mg/L). The highest frequency of root induction was on the medium with 1.5 mg/L IBA. The in vitro raised plantlets were acclimatized in green house and successfully transplanted to the nursery. The mechanisms of present experiment would be highly efficient direct plant regeneration, callus induction and indirect plant regeneration methods were established for J. curcas using appropriate explants. These methods have the potential to facilitate the genetic modification and subsequent in vitro multiplication of J. curcas cultivars for various uses. Key words: Jatropha curcas, biofuel, axillary bud, in vitro, regeneration, acclimatization

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BTPP 10

Molecular Characterization of Bacillus SPP. by 16S RDNA Sequence and their Sensitivity Towards Different Extracts and

Essential oil of Cumin (Cuminun cyminum L.) M Yousof Ali1, M Mizanur Rahman1, Atiqur Rahman2, Marina Basaglia3

and Sergio Cassella3

1Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Islamic University, Kushtia- 7003, Bangladesh

3Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, University of Padova, Agripolis Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy


The effectiveness of a medicinal plant Cuminum cyminum L. for controlling the growth and survival of some microorganisms isolated from soil samples was determined and 16S rDNA sequence analysis was used to identify these soil bacteria. The bacteria identified were Paenibacillus sp. L32, Paenibacillus sp. BF38, Bacillus megaterium, Terribacillus sp. 3LF, Bacillus simplex and Bacillus cereus. The chemical compositions of the oil were analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty-seven compounds representing 92.61% of the total oil was identified. Oxygenated monoterpens and scsquiterpen hydrocarbons were the predominant portions of the oil. The essential oil and organic extracts were tested for their antibacterial activity against different soil isolated bacteria. The essential oil exhibited a considerable inhibitory effect against the Bacillus spp. The zones of inhibition of essential oil of organic solvent against the tested bacteria were found in the range of (14.4 to 20.2 mm). Various organic extracts of Cuminum cyminum L. also revealed a good antibacterial activity against all bacteria. At a concentration of 500 µg/disc, ethanol extract showed the highest activity against Bacillus megaterium with inhibition zone of 22.9±0.4 mm and MIC value of 500µg/ml Chloroform, hexane and ethyl acetate extracts also showed moderate activity (zone of inhibition 21.8±0.3, 22.2±0.3 and 20.8±0.5 mm, respectively) and MIC (500, 125 and 500 µg/ml, respectively ).The antibacterial activity was compared with commercial antibiotics such as amoxicillin and erythromycin. In most of the cases, the essential oil and organic extractsexhibited similar or higher antibacterial activity than standard drug erythromycin. The results of this study suggest that the essential oil and organic extracts of Cuminum cyminum L. can be a source of natural antimicrobial agents with potential applications in pharmaceutical industries to control pathogenic bacteria causing severe illness in humans.

BTPP 11

Systems Biology Study of Cell Wall Integrity in Saccharomyes Cerevisae

Md. Fahmid Islam, Sheikh Md. Enayetul Babar* Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh


Systems biology is the most modern mean for the biotechnological progression in regards of sustainable development. It views life or living systems as an integrated and interacting network of genes, proteins and biochemical reactions. The introduction of this new science is more than a

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necessity for the research community of biological arena in Bangladesh. From such an urge, we are primarily focusing on the mechanism of yeast cell wall remodeling against different changing environmental conditions like stress, nutrition, etc. MAPK signaling pathway that transmits signals from outer cell surface to the nucleus has known to be one of the major players in such process. The role of MAPK cascade in cell wall reconstruction is essential to maintain the dynamic structure of the cell wall of yeast with response to extracellular signals. This understanding will help us to decipher the mechanism of antibiotic resistance to develop novel drug target against fungal pathogen and for commercial biopolymer production from fungal cell wall through metabolic engineering. Keywords: systems biology, cell wall remodeling, MAPK, yeast, drug, metabolic engineering

EGTPP 01

Renewable Energy Scenario of Bangladesh: Barriers for Sustainability of the Alternative Energy Technologies

Md. Nazmul Islam1, Md. Mahfuz-Al-Mamun2 1Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology

Eastern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2Dept. of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science & Technology

Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Bangladesh is now facing a great energy crisis and passing a critical moment that has hit out the heart of her gradual development depicting a great challenge for this 21st century after the population and poverty problems. It has been shown that more than fifty percent citizens of Bangladesh live without electricity, and the grid expansion rate to connect rural areas is threatened by the looming capacity shortage heightened by the continuing depletion of fossil fuels which accentuates the need for deployment of renewable energy resources in Bangladesh, now more than ever before. Though the hydrocarbon resources in the country are limited, the substantial availability of renewable energy sources in the form of solar, biomass, hydropower, wind energy and marine power offers opportunities of sustainable energy based development which have motivated the government of The People’s Republic of Bangladesh and different non-government organizations (NGOs) to work towards the dissemination of renewable energy based technologies throughout the country. All the latest information regarding renewable energy and associated energy storage systems as well as possible impediments against these technologies have been gathered from surveys over different governmental and private sectors including NGOs working with solar home systems (SHSs), wind power generation, biomass and biogas energy and hydro energy presenting a comprehensive study of the contemporary renewable energy scenario in Bangladesh in terms of distribution, research and infrastructural development in the country. Among the hindrances lying behind sustainability of alternative energy technologies include financial and funding barriers, policy and information barriers, barriers towards expert human resource, technical and market barriers. The research works concludes that Bangladesh holds the potentiality to meet cost-effectively a significant fraction of its future electricity demand through the use of renewable generation technologies, possibly adding as much renewable capacity as the current overall electric power capacity of the country and, now, the time has come to essentially develop a strong policy framework that will not only address all the barriers mentioned but also introduce a new chapter in the sectors of renewable energy technologies.

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EGTPP 02

Design and Implementation of Microcontroller Based Digital Soil pH Meter

M. A. A Mashud1*, M. H. Uddin2 and Md. Serajul Islam3 1Department of Applied Physics, Electronics and Communication Engineering

Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh 2Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia Bangladesh

3Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gono Bishwabidyalay Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh


Abstract: A Microcontroller based advanced technique was implemented to design a digital soil pH meter for measuring the value of pH (acidity or alkalinity) of soil or any kind of solution. Depending on the pH value of a solution microcontroller gave the output value. A microcontroller PIC16F876 has been used to control the function of the developed system. A C language program has been developed to control the function of microcontroller using PCWH Compiler. The output of the microcontroller is displayed as a pH value ranges from 00.00 to 14.00 by the four seven segment display. The system is divided into six parts: the low voltage power supply, sensor circuit, buffer amplifier, summing amplifier, microcontroller unit and display circuit. Low voltage power supply produces 5 volts for the buffer amplifier circuit, summing amplifier and microcontroller. A LM336 is used to produce 2.5V. The signal from pH electrode goes to the buffer amplifier circuit. The amplified signal is the input of the summing amplifier, which goes to the microcontroller. The output of the microcontroller operates the display circuit. The block diagram of the developed system is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Block diagram of the

designed system Figure2: Flow chart of the

developed program Figure 3: Comparative study of developed system and available

pH meter The software has been developed for controlling the whole system. The software is divided into different sub routines and main routines. The compiler PCWH is used to develop the software [1]. The flow chart of the program is depicted in Figure 2. The microcontroller based digital soil pH meter was successfully designed and developed, as its performance was strong. The result of pH is compared with the actual result. The model of the laboratory pH meter is PHM83, with an accuracy of +/-0.1%. Figure 3 provides a graphic representation of the comparison between the designed system and the laboratory pH meter. The graph illustrates that the developed system has sound stability and accuracy. The results showed that the designed system can be used for measuring pH [2, 3].

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The price of electronic equipments has fallen significantly in recent times, though the cost of equipment in Bangladesh remains expensive. However due to the rapid development of micro electronics, all the designed component and instruments are available at a lower price. The device is reliable in operation and it costs approximately U$100 for fabrication, whereas the price of a similar instrument in the international market is no less than U$500. Moreover, the comparison of the features of the presently used system shows that the developed system is a better choice in terms of cost, portability and design. Therefore, the opportunity to use the designed instruments will be open to many users, particularly in developing countries.

EGTPP 03

Preparation of Biodiesel from Non-Edible oil by Three-step Method

Kaniz Ferdous1*, Md. Rahim Uddin1, Rehnuma Islam1, M. Rakib Uddin1 Maksudur R. Khan1, 2, M. A. Islam1

1Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (SUST), Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.

2Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: In this paper, three-step method for biodiesel preparation from Bakul Oil (Mimusops Elengi) was studied. Bakul Oil (BO) was collected from the local source of sylhet city. The properties of BO were measured by standard methods. The raw oil contains 11.1 wt% free fatty acid (FFA) and its viscosity was 76.62 mm2/s. Biodiesel was prepared from BO by three-step method where, the first step was saponification followed by acidification to produce FFA and finally esterification of FFA to produce biodiesel. In three-step method, reagent grade NaOH was used for saponification, to minimize the production cost reagent grade NaOH was replaced by commercial grade CaO that was collected from local market of Sylhet city. Saponification of BO was done by aqueous calcium oxide (CaO) solution, acidification was done by hydrochloric acid and esterification was done by methanol in presence of acid catalyst. In the saponification reaction, various reaction parameters such as oil to CaO molar ratio and reaction time were optimized and the optimum condition was: oil to CaO molar ratio was 1:3, time was 1.0 h and temperature was 100 oC. Produced soap was acidify with excess molar ratio of HCl and the molar ratio of soap to HCl was 1:2.5, temperature was 70 oC under reflux with stirring until soap was completely dissolved. In the esterification reaction, produced FFA was reacted with stoichiometric amount of methanol in presence of acid catalyst. The reaction parameters such as FFA to methanol molar ratio, catalyst concentration, effect of silica gel and reaction temperature were optimized. The optimum parameters were FFA to methanol 1:6, catalyst concentration 5wt% of FFA, time was 2.0 h and temperature was 60 oC. To reduce the biodiesel production cost, all of the reagents used were commercial grade except catalyst. The biodiesel yield by three step method was about 80%. At optimum conditions the FFA was reduced to 1.1 wt% and prolonged reaction time could not reduce the FFA to the desired level. In order to eliminate the problem, the esterification reaction was carried out in presence of silica gel. It was found that the presence of silica gel increased the rate of reaction and the final FFA content is also reduced to 0.70 wt%. The biodiesel properties such as FFA, viscosity, specific gravity, cetane index, pour point, flash point etc. were measured by standard methods and compared with the standard biodiesel and petro-diesel properties. Key words: Calcium oxide, Saponification, Acidification, Esterification, Biodiesel.

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EGTPP 04

A Nobel Potentiometric Biosensor for the Detection of Neurotransmitters Md. Zaved Hossain Khan2, Tetsuya Osaka1

1Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan 2Dept. of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jessore Sci. & Tech. University, Jessore.


Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine; MT) have been intensively investigated over past years with regard to its several interesting biological properties. Measurement of 5-HT, MT, and their metabolites/precursors such as 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan (5-HTP) and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) is an important strategy commonly used in studying neurophysiological or pathophysiological conditions. Previously we reported that successive treatment of ITO electrode with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and disuccinimidylsuberate (DSS) is useful for potentiometric sensing of molecule containing indole ring [1,2, 3]. Since 5-HT, MT, and their precursors/metabolites have indole ring in its structure, the use of DSS-treated ITO electrode is a promising approach to potentiometric measurement of these biomolecules.

Figure 1: Dependence of the potential response of monolayer-modified ITO electrodes to 5-HT, 5-HTP, 5-HIAA, and MT, respectively against various concentrations in PBS (pH 7.4). The linear curves represent a logarithmic concentration ranging between 1 nM and 100 µM with a correlation coefficient of 0.995 [4]. Keywords: Biosensor; neurotransmitters; ITO electrode.

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ENVPP 01

Ecosan: An Environment Friendly Technology to Sanitation in Rural Bangladesh

Shuvo Ramo Saha*1, Khondoker Mahbub Hassan2, Md. Monzur Hossain3 1 M.Sc Engineering Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, KUET, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh

2 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, KUET, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh 3M.Sc Engineering Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, KUET, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh

Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

The main objective of sanitation which defines the principles and practices relating to the collection, treatment or disposal of human excreta, household wastewater and refuse as they impact on human being and environment is to protect and promote human health by providing a clean environment and breaking the cycle of diseases. In order to be sustainable as an environment friendly, a sanitation system has to be not only economically viable, socially acceptable and technically/institutionally appropriate, but also should protect the environment and natural resources (Langergraber and Weissenbacher, 2010). The benefits of ecological sanitation are well-known: it does not need water to function; it protects the environment; and allows the nutrients in human feces and urine to be returned to the soil as fertilizer (Winblad and Simpson-Hébert, 2004). This study aims at being the environment friendly of Ecosan toilets in rural Bangladesh with regards to protect the water pollution in surrounding water sources. In the South Banshbaria village, Keshabpur of Jessore district, 61families are using Ecosan toilets instead of pit latrines. Number of village people who used to defecate in open space has been drastically reduced from 46% to 12%. Launching of Ecosan toilets also induced public awareness through controlling surface water and/or groundwater pollution surrounding the toilets. About 90%, 60% and 50% of shallow tube-wells surrounding the Ecosan toilet with pit latrines are free from fecal, E.coli and total coliforms respectively. On the other hand, 100% pond water is contaminated by pathogenic organisms. Maximum level of SO4

2-, PO43-and NO3

- in tube-well water is 2mg/l, 5mg/l and 6mg/l respectively which are below Bangladesh standard for drinking purpose. Alternatively, maximum level of SO4

2-, PO43-and NO3

- in tube-well water is 26mg/l, 1.64mg/l and 0.9mg/l respectively which are below Bangladesh standard. Thus, the Ecosan toilet would be an environment friendly and sustainable sanitation technique in the context of rural Bangladesh. Keywords: Environment friendly, Sustainable sanitation, Ecosan toilet

ENVPP 02 Green Chemistry for Groundwater Quality

Enhancement: A Proposal Kumar Fagun Mallick, Quazi Hamidul Bari, Jewel Kumar Golder, Md. Selim Reza

Department of Civil Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering &Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, encourages the products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. In this project, a water purification process with green chemistry was proposed and then the performance of this system was tested for a certain monitoring period.

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Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in Bangladesh. About 97% of the total rural population uses the tubewell for drinking purpose. But, unfortunately, in recent years, high level of arsenic in groundwater of shallow aquifers has been found in many districts of Bangladesh (Bari et. al, 2005). Also iron, color, turbidity concentrations are found to be higher than the allowable limit. The proposed filter system consists of ceramic filter, iron net, iron oxidizing bacteria, reactor, stand, bucket etc. The ceramic filter was made of locally available materials like clay soil, rice bran and water. The contaminated groundwater was treated through this filter system. The average arsenic removal efficiency was found around 74%. Also average iron, color and turbidity removal efficiency was around 100%, 97% and 89%, respectively. The chemistry of the removal mechanism was very simple. The removal was occurred by the oxidation of iron and the subsequent adsorption of arsenic, iron, colored materials and turbid materials on produced iron hydroxides. The full system is very cheap and the operation and maintenance of this filter system is very simple. This green chemistry technology can be a solution for water quality enhancement in rural Bangladesh.

ENVPP 03 Non-Chemical Treatment of Wastewater

Jewel Kumar Golder, Quazi Hamidul Bari, Kumar Fagun Mallick, Md. Selim Reza

Department of Civil Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering &Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

With the increasing industrialization, urbanization and the diversification of lifestyles the demand for water is increasing (Kim and Cho 1993). As wastewater treatment through chemical process is very costly, a low cost and simple type ceramic membrane was innovated for non-chemical treatment of wastewater in this study. For making the Ceramic Membrane Reactor, cheap, easily and locally available materials like clay soil, rice bran etc. were used. From laboratory test it was found that the average DO in influent wastewater was 3.47 mg/l. The average effluent DO by all Reactors was 5.44 mg/l. the average pH value in influent was 7.97 and the pH of all Reactors was stable within the range of 7-8. As can be seen from the laboratory test the Turbidity Removal efficiency of all Reactors was 95.34% and about 88.45% Color removal was achieved by the system. The average value of SS in influent and effluent were 1011.34 mg/l and 27.92 mg/l respectively. The average SS removal efficiency was 95.25% by all Reactors which demonstrates that the removal of SS was very efficient by Ceramic Filter. Through the study it was found that the average COD of influent and effluent water were 572.91 mg/l and 77.22 mg/l respectively. About 81.55% COD removal was achieved by Ceramic Membrane Filter. BOD concentration of raw wastewater used during the operation period was 5.33 mg/l but average effluent BOD was about 0.96 mg/l which means that about 82% of BOD removal was achieved by Ceramic Filter. Overall, it can be concluded that the Ceramic Filter has great potential in removing biodegrading organic pollutants from wastewater. The average Iron removal efficiency of all Reactors was 92.69%. The run time of Ceramic Filter was 242 days. The quality of effluent water was excellent as the effluent water was clear colored and odor- free. It was found that high removal efficiency of organic content was obtained that could be made it suitable for wastewater reuse.

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ENVPP 04 A Comparative Study on Electro Coagulation and Chemical

Coagulation Process for the Treatment of Textile Wastewater Md. Milon Hossain1 , Md. Iqbal Mahmud2 and Md. Shohan Parvez3

1M.Sc. Student, Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh.

2Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

3Production Planner, Colombia Apparels Limited, M&J Group, Red Crescent Concord Tower 17, Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212.


Abstract: In this paper, treatment of textile wastewater by the electro coagulation (EC) process being investigated and its result has compared with the chemical coagulation (CC) process. The objective of this experiment is to observe the efficiency of the EC process in removing various effluent parameters and finally make a comparison with the CC process. In this experiment iron electrode is used in the EC process and some good result is obtained. EC process shows more effective result for treating textile wastewater compared to CC process. Finally, a comparative study is shown that, the EC process is faster and more economic, consumed less material and produced less sludge and pH of the medium is more stabilized as compared to CC for percentage removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solid (TDS) from textile wastewater. Key words: Electro coagulation, Chemical coagulation, Textile wastewater, Wastewater treatment.

ENVPP 05 Effect of Salinity-Heavy Metal Interaction as Evaluated by

Maize (Zea mays) Plant Analysis Md. Sanaul Islam, Md Zaber Hosain, Md. Bappy Shahrier

Khandoker Qudrata Kibria and Anisur Rahman Soil Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

As heavy metal pollution and saline water irrigation are increasing in the dry areas especially in developing countries, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity on growth and heavy metal uptake by maize (Zia mays) plant. Polluted soils from city waste dumping site of Khulna metropolitan city had been used to carry out the experiment. Fresh water (T1), NaCl (T2) and NaCl+CaCl2 (T3) solutions were use to irrigate the pots for developing salinity. The results of studies show that T2 and T3 treatments decreased the growth of maize plant (plant height, straw weight and root weight) significantly. The forgoing reduction of straw weight and root weight were considerably less with T3 treatment may be because of partial counteraction of CaCl2. Observation with six week maize plants caused a sharp decline in the proportion of viable roots, root fresh weight and root protein. In contrast, salinity treatments enhanced root length may be due to osmotic adjustment of the plant roots to the saline conditions. Treatments T2 and T3 increased the accumulation of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Cu in maize plant considerably both in root and straw. Results obtained from this research work

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show that deleterious effect of Na on growth of maize and enhancement of heavy metal uptake by Na salinity was counteracted partly by Ca. This indicates the complexity of heavy metal relations in salt affected soils and suggests that the salt induced uptake of heavy metals may be related partly to salt effects on root functions.

ENVPP 06 Soil Organic Matter Characterization of Ganges Meander

Floodplain Soils under Different Cropping Patterns Masuda Islam, Md. Sadiqul Amin* and Md. Bappy Shahrier Soil Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Abstract: Soils from sixteen different cropping patterns such as Rice-Fallow-Vegetable (R-F-V), Lentil-Fallow-T. Aman (L-F-R), Wheat-Fallow-Rice (W-F-R), Boro-Jute- T. Aman (R-J-R) etc. from Jessore and Khulna district were collected for soil organic matter (SOM) characterization. The highest organic matter (2.32%) was observed in L-F-R cropping pattern and lowest value (0.96%) was observed in V-F-R. The generally low organic matter content was indicated the rapid decomposition caused by high rainfall and temperature conditions and vigorous microbial activity and removal of crop residues after harvest by the cultivators bringing about the depletion of organic matter contents of soils. Organic carbon stock was highest under R-F-V and W-F-R (1.07 KgC/m2) and lowest under V-F-R (0.35 KgC/m2). This lower range indicated the erosion of top soil and intense cultivation. R-F-V exhibited highest active carbon (718.53 mg/Kg) that increased the fresh plant and animal residues, soil moisture, soil type, soil organic carbon stock and organic carbon %. L-J-R exhibited lowest active carbon (714.51 mg/Kg) for tillage intensification. Highest humic acid % was found in W-F-R that indicated the presence of high amount of organic matter and organic carbon and lowest in V-F-R. The highest HA/FA ratio 5.12 was found under L-F-R and lowest was found 0.48 under V-F-R. The E4/E6 ratio was highest under R-F-V were indicated that relatively low molecular weight, less C content but more O, carboxyl groups and total acidity and lowest under orchard crop. The highest coagulation threshold value was observed in R-F-V indicated that (l) the less aromatic ring in the molecules of humic acids and they were highly resistant towards electrolysis, (2) the higher degree of dispersion and (3) less condensed aliphatic structure of HA.

ENVPP 07 Characterization of Solid Sludge from ETP of Textile Industry;

Focusing on the Sustainable Management of the Sludge Md. Mostafizur Rahman1, Nusrat Jakarin Easha1, Taslima Zaman1 and M Khabir Uddin1

1Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Sludge management refers to recycle, reuse and conversion of sludge into reusable material. For serve this purpose it is critically important to characterize the sludge in terms of elemental and nutrient content. Present work was conducted to characterize textile sludge and investigate its potential reuse feasibility as organic fertilizer. Sludge Samples were analyzed using

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Kjeldal method, UV-visible spectrophotometer, Flame photometry and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). General concentration trend of macro nutrient constituents in sludge were as 8.18%, 0.60%, 0.06% and 0.00013 % for N, P, K and S, respectively. Moreover; total organic matter is abundantly available in sludge and the amount is 13.6 %. The studied sludge has optimum pH ranging from 6.2-6.5. The concentration of metal in sludge sample was Sodium (Na) 13.4%, Iron (Fe) 3.2% Antimony (Sb) 2.590 % Lanthanum (La) 3.97 % Samarium (Sm) 1.08ppm%, Bromine (Br) 6.47 %Scandium (Sc) 0.53 % . This analysis indicates very high concentration of sodium (Na) and nitrogen (N) in sludge due to use of high amount sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and azo dye in production process in textile industry. Therefore, textile sludge might be able to supply small but significant amount of important nutrients to soil and it might have some potential to improve soil properties.

SCMPP 01

Microwave Assisted Synthesis of 5,7-Diaryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxo-5H-pyrano[2,3-d] pyrimidines using Noevenagel

Condensation Reaction

Mst Khodeza Khatun1, Tanzima Parvin, Tapan Kumar Sarkar, Sharif M. Al-Reza M. A. Sattar2, M. A. Rahaman, Mohammad Nurnabi3

1Department of Applied Chemistry Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh 2Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore, Bangladesh

3Department of Applied Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Dhaka University, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. E-mail:[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: In this study we synthesized barbituric acid derivatives using Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Barbituric acid is a strong acid with an active methylene group and can be involved in condensation reactions with aldehydes or ketones that do not contain an α-hydrogen. The condensation products (derivatives) of 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxo-5H-Pyrano[2,3-d] Pyrimidine (3a) and 5,7-di-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxo-5H-Pyrano[2,3-d] Pyrimidine (3b) were synthesized by the reaction of barbituric acid with arylideneacetophenone in the presence of ethanol under microwave irradiation. The structures of the compounds were characterized by IR and 1H-NMR spectral data. The beneficial effect of microwave irradiation on these condensations was found in a shortening of the reaction time and increase in the yields.

SCMPP 02

Separation of Acetic Acid from Aqueous Solution Using Various Organic Solvents

Sumona Haque, Md. Helal Uddin and Bhupesh Chandra Roy Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh


Abstract: One of the most important uses of solvent extraction was in the petroleum industry for the separation of aromatics from aliphatic compounds. Aromatics are removed from lubricating oils to improve viscosity index and chemical stability using furfural and phenol as solvent, although liquid Sulphurdioxide is used on a limited scale [2,3]. Separation processes in the field of chemical

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engineering are very important. On the basis of raw mixture, various processes such as distillation, adsorption, crystallization, extraction etc. can be employed to separate the mixtures. Acetic acid is one of the most widely used carboxylic acids. In many cases, acetic acid is found in its aqueous form. Separation of the acetic acid and water mixture by simple rectification is ruled out in this respect, since this mixture has a very small separating factor. Therefore, towers having a large number of stages, which would have to be operated with a high reflux ratio, are needed. This would necessarily involve high costs for energy and high operating costs, if rectification with vapor condensation is not used. In practice, other processes are used on the basis of the concentration of acetic acid present in the feed such as extractive distillation, liquid-liquid extraction etc. In this research we develop a model to separate the acetic acid from aqueous solution by liquid-liquid extraction and find out the proper solvent for this separation. In case of liquid-liquid extraction, a soluble constituent is removed from liquid mixture, by the use of liquid solvent. Various solvents such as n-butanol, iso butanol, amyl alcohol and ethyl acetate are used for separation of acetic acid from water. The binodal curves (mutual solubility curves) for acetic acid distributed between water and an organic solvent were obtained by titrating known mixtures of two components (water and solvents) with the third component acetic acid to the point of first appearance of permanent turbidity. For example, a mutual solubility curve and tie lines for the system acetic acid -water-ethyl acetate shown in figure 1. In order to determine the tie-lines, the absorbance of the coexisting phases, obtained by the separation of ternary mixtures within the binodal curve are needed to be determined. The absorbance of each point that had been determined for construction the binodal curve was measured using an u-v spectrophotometer which is a device used for measuring absorbance, transmittance or reflectance of solutions. These absorbance were plotted against the respective weight percent of solvent and the respective weight percent of diluents. Distribution diagrams are obtained by plotting weight percent of acetic acid in solvent phase against the weight percent of acetic acid in water phase. The selectivity of solvent is its ability to separate the components of a given mixture. Selectivity diagrams are also obtained by plotting (wt. % of acetic acid) / (percent of acetic acid + percent of water) in solvent phase against the same quantity in the diluent phase. The separation factor is determined numerically from the tie-line data because; it is the ratio of distribution coefficient of acetic acid to the distribution coefficient of water. Hand’s plot was also drawn from the data obtained by experiment.

Figure 1: Mutual solubility curve and tie lines for the system acetic acid -water-ethyl acetate.

Finally, it has been concluded that the solvents amyl alcohol offers the best hope of achieving separation of acetic acid by distribution between amyl alcohol and water as it has highest separation factor value than those of other solvents which are used for this experiment.

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SCMPP 03

Rapid and Efficient Condensation of Organic Compounds in Microwave Condition.

Most. Sheauly Khatun, M. K. Khatun, A. Rahman, M.A. Sattar

Department of Applied Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jessore Science & Technology University, Jessore. Bangladesh.

Department of Applied Chemistry & Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh E-mail: mrahaman/[email protected]; [email protected], [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract: The chief features of the microwave reactions are the enhanced selectivity, much improved reaction rates, milder reaction conditions and formation of cleaner products. These reactions are an efficient and mild methodology for condensation of some organic compounds under microwave irradiation. Condensation rate acceleration and higher loading are obtained significantly. Here, 1-phenyle-3-(4-droxyphenyle)-2-propen-1-one; 1-(4-chlorophenyle)-3-phenyle-2-propen-1-one; 1-(4- chlorophenyle) – 3 – (4-hydroxyphenyle)-2-propen-1-one, has been synthesized by the condensation reaction between aromatic aldehyde with substituted acetophenone. The aldehyde used were benzaldehyde, P-hydroxybenzaldehyde and the acetophenone used were acetophenone, P-chloroacetophenone. The time of the reaction was reduced from conventional 25 hours to 60-90 seconds. In conventional heating the yield of those benzylidene acetophenone was moderate but in MWI method the highest yield was 90-98 % observed .The structure of those compounds were characterized by their IR, 1H-NMR spectral data.

SCMPP 04

Comparative Study on the Synthesis of Arylideneacetophnones by using Conventional and Microwave Irradiation Method

Mst. Khodeza Khatun1, Mst. Panna Khatun1, Sharif M. Al-Reza1, Atiqur Rahman1 M. A. Rashid1 and M. A. Sattar1,2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh 2Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore, Bangladesh


Abstract: The present work involves rapid and high yield condensation of aromatic aldehyde with substituted acetophenones to produce arylideneacetophenones (1:1) molar ratio in the presence of ethanol by flash heating. Under microwave assisted condensation, rate acceleration and higher loading were obtained significantly. 1-phenyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-propen-1-one (2a) and 1,3-(4-dichlorophenyl)-2-propen-1-one (2b) were synthesized by the condensation reaction between aromatic aldehyde and substituted acetophenone under microwave irradiation and conventional method. Here 4-chloro benzaldehyde was used as aromatic aldehyde and aromatic ketones used were acetophenone and 4-chloro acetophenone. In conventional heating the yield of the compounds 2a and 2b were very poor (70-80%) whereas in MWI method the yields were 95-96%. The structures of the compounds were characterized by IR and 1H-NMR spectral data.

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SCMPP 05

Paper Making from Banana stem – Sustainability and Environment

Md. Zaved Hossain Khan1*, S M Nur Alam1, Md. Forhad Ibne Al Imam2

1Dept. of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jessore Sci. & Tech. University, Jessore. 2Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology (RUET), Rajshahi

*Email: [email protected]

The main objective of this study was to establish the suitability of banana stem fiber as a potential source of lingo cellulosic fibers for paper making. Pulp is increasingly in demand as raw material in the developing countries, too, primarily for the production of paper and cardboard. New sources of raw materials have been sought intensively for some time now, as large enough quantities of the conventional raw material are not always available in developing countries, or the tropical forests do not often supply sufficient uniform raw material, due to the large variety of species. This study shows that banana stem fiber had a lower lignin content but very high ash content compared with other general raw materials.Paper making properties was characterized by low strength. The handsheet density value was very high with high roughness. Banana stem was cooked by Kraft process with different chemical charges and a wide range of time and temperature and the optimal pulping conditions were established. Drainage of pulp was extremely slow and paper making properties was characterized by low strength, low bulk, rough surface and extremely poor optical properties.

After refinement

Figure 2.2 The Structure of Banana fibers (before and after refining) Keywords: Banana pulp, paper making, environment, sustainable development

SCMPP 06

Natural Curcumine Dye sensitized Solar Cells Md. Faruk Hossain1,*, Takakazu Takahashi2

1Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET), Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh

1Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan

*Email: [email protected]

A natural dye, Curcumin, has been extracted from turmeric rhizome, purified and successfully applied as a sensitizer of nanocrystalline titanium oxide. The nanocrystalline TiO2 photoelectrode is deposited on SnO2:F substrate by home-made spin-coating system. For the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar

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cells, KI based electrolyte and carbon counter electrode were used. The dye was characterized by Hydrogen-1 and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of 0.51% (photocurrent density, JSC = 1.29 mA/cm2; open circuit voltage, Voc = 0.577 V, fill factor, FF = 68.9%) is achieved under irradiation with 100 mW/cm2 white light. Compared to other natural dyes [Table 1], the curcumin dye has shown reasonably high photovoltaic performance. Moreover this dye is very low-in-cost, easy extract and environment-friendly process.

Table 1. Comparative data of solar cells, sensitized with various natural dyes.

Dyes JSC VOC FF η (%) Reference

1.29 0.577 68.9 0.51 [Present work] Curcumin

0.53 0.53 0.72 0.50 [2]

Black rice 1.1 0.55 0.52 ------ [3]

Capsicum 0.23 0.412 0.62 ------ [3]

Red-cabbage 0.68 0.52 0.70 0.50 [2]

Bixin 1.1 0.57 0.59 0.37 [4]

Rosella 1.63 0.404 0.57 0.37 [5]

Blue pea 0.37 0.372 0.33 0.05 [5]

Calafate 0.96 0.52 0.56 ------ [6]

Jabotica 2.1 0.57 0.58 ------- [6]

SCMPP 07

Dissimilarity of Internal Radiation dose Absorbed in Male and Female, and also Comparison Between that Resultant Data with

ICRP-53 Recommended Data Md. Nazrul Islam

Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore Email: [email protected]

In this work to obtain the bio-kinetic data of organ activity as well as organ absorbed doses for single photon emitters with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Tc-99m radiopharmaceutical medicine was used as the single photon emitters to study the method. In this study I have demonstrated and compared effective decay method and conventional method to obtain accurate organ activity with SPECT. With those methods the organ activity due to intravenous injection of 99m Tc-DTPA (dietlylenetriamimepentacetic) is obtained and the data is compared between male and female and with ICRP-53 data. Dose absorbed power of male is greater than female, so in nuclear medicine center absorbed doses should be estimated separately for male and female for more proper treatment. Also it is observed that there is no good agreement of absorbed dose values between the two methods and ICRP-53 data. In

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that case the measured value of effective decay method is about two times higher than the conventional method. Because the food value, weather and fundamental needed elements are different between Bangladeshi people and foreigners. In foreigner’s food value it is almost equal for male and female but for Bangladeshi male and female it is different. Therefore, there is a scope for further study with better statistics.

PHRPP 01

Antioxidant Potential of Essential oil and Rhizome Extracts of curcuma zedoaria Rosc

Atiqur Rahman1,*, Monira Afroz1, Rafiquel Islam1, Sharif M. Al-Reza1, Tanzima Parvin1 and M. A. Sattar1,2

1Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh 2Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore, Bangladesh


Abstract: In this study, we examined the chemical composition of the essential oil and tested the antioxidant potential of the oil and rhizome extracts of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc. The chemical composition of the oil was analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty-seven compounds representing 96.82% of the total oil was identified. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using two separate methods, inhibition of free radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals scavenging activities assay. In the first case, the IC50 value of the oil was 12.6 ± 2.1. Among the extracts, the methanol extract showed the strongest antioxidant activities for both cases with IC50 values of 15.96 ± 1.7 and 21.32 ± 1.1 µg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the amount of total phenolic compounds was also determined and expressed as gallic acid equivalent. Thus, the natural products produced from C. zedoaria may be used in food and pharmaceutical industries.

PHRPP 02

Volatile Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil Isolated from Cestrum nocturnum L.

Most. Afroza Khatun Dept. of Applied Chemisrty and Chemical Engineering, Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore.

Abstract: The composition of essential oil samples obtained by hydrodistillation of the flower parts of Cestrum nocturnum L., were investigated by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. The GC-MS analysis determined that thirty six compounds, which represented 84.69% of total oil ,containing mainly phenylethyl alcohol(27.45%), benzyl alcohol(12.21%), eicosane(5.62%), eugenol(5.59%), n-tetracosane(4.42%), 1-hexadecanol(2.75%), methoxyeugenol(2.45%) and benzaldehyde(2.32%). Finally the antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method. The essential oil revealed remarkable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19166, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KCTC 2004, Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 2515 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739.The zones of inhibition of different concentrations of essential oil against the tested bacteria were found in the range of 8~19 mm and the MIC values recorded between 125 and 1000 µg/ml. The results obtained in this study

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demonstrate that the practical utilization of essential oil and components in flavouring industry as natural source. keywords: Cestrum nocturnum L.; Essential oil; GC-MS analysis; Phenylethyl alcohol; Antimicrobial activity.

PHRPP 03

Analysis of Antidiabetic Effect with Phytochemical Screening of Ethanol Extract of azadirachta indicia and

andrographis paniculata Faridul Islam1, M Mahabub-Uz-Zaman1, A.M. Abdullah1, Rasheda Akter1

Most. Afroza Khatun2 and Nazim Uddin Ahmed1 1Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories Chittagong

Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh 2Jessore Science & Technology University, Bangladesh


Abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic properties with phytochemical screening of the ethanol leaves extracts of two common indigenous medicinal plants of Bangladesh -Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Andrographis peniculata (Kalomegh) on experimental animal model. Hypoglycemic activity of the concentrated ethanolic (90%) extract of Azadirachta indica and Andrographis peniculata were studied compared with that of a reference antidiabetic drug glimeperide in both glucose loaded and alloxan induced diabetic rats. The acute toxicity of these two plants extract was also studied. Experimental results showed that ethanol leaves extract (1 gm/kg) of Azadirachta indica and Andrographis peniculata significantly (P<0.01) reduced the elevated blood glucose level by 36.91 % and 40.65 % respectively in glucose loaded rats and 30.20 % and 32.18 % respectively in alloxan induced diabetic rats compared to the respective diabetic control group. This study strongly suggested that ethanol leaves extracts of Azadirachta indica and Andrographis peniculata possess significant antidiabetic activity and could be a potential source for treatment of diabetes mellitus. Key words: Azadirachta indica, Andrographis peniculata, Diabetes mellitus, Alloxan induced diabetes.

PHRPP 04

Hypoglycemic Effect of Compound(s) of Petroleum ether Fraction of Mangifera indica Red Leaves.

Rokshana Sharmin1, Md. Sarowar Hossain2, Md. Rafiqul Islam Khan3 Most. Afia akhtar3,ASM Anisuzzaman3, Maruf Ahmed3*

1Department of Pharmacy,Jessore Science and Technology University,Jessore 2Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology,Dhaka

3Department of Pharmacy, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6505,Bangladesh

Abstract: The petroleum ether fraction of ethanolic extract of Mangifera indica red leaves decreased Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS) level 90% in Alloxan induced diabetes rats (AIDR). The present study

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has been designed to separate hypoglycemic compound (s) using PTLC from petroleum ether fraction of ethanolic extract of Mangifera indica red leaves. Development of TLC demonstrated the presence of distinct four layers on solvent system, chloroform : n-Hexane at 80:20.Top layer on PTLC plate, having Rf value 0.86 reduced blood glucose level 92% where Metformin reduced 95% in AIDR. While the fraction has no effect in FBS level in normal rat. First layer (basement layer) on PTLC plate also decreased FBS level 89% in AIDR. Second layer (on PTLC plate, having Rf value 0.28 ) showed special characteristic became reddish color after some time on exposure to air. It was found from the experiment that fourth layer (top layer on PTLC plate. Rf value 0.86) containing compound has predominant hypoglycemic effect than other layers containing compound.

PHRPP 05

Effects of Arsenic on Concentration and Distribution of Nutrients in Mung Bean (Vigna Radiata)

Anisur Rahman, Jagadish Chandra Joardar, Joya Mondol, Md Zaber Hosain Khandoker Qudrata Kibria and Md. Sanaul Islam

Soil Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of arsenic containing irrigation water on nutrient concentrations in mung bean (Vigna Radiata) in Sara and Barishal soil series. Bean plant was grown in greenhouse for twenty weeks maintaining field capacity moisture with arsenic containing irrigation water. The pots were irrigated with five different levels of As treatment (0, 1, 2, 5 and 10 mg/L) using sodium meta arsenate. Total amount of arsenic load were 0, 5.1, 10.2, 25.5 and 51 mg arsenic per pot for corresponding treatments. In both soil series higher level of arsenic treatments reduced P concentrations significantly. This may be attributed either to the similar chemistry of As and P or to the competitive uptake or phytotoxicity of arsenic. Arsenic treatments suppressed K concentrations in root unaffecting shoot concentration. Increasing As treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of S, Ca and Mg in shoot and root. Reduction in Ca and Mg concentration may be due to effect of As on reducing transpiration and thereby declining their upward transport. A positive and significant relationship was observed between As and Fe. From the present observations it could be inferred that contamination by As caused changes in concentration of both macro and micro nutrients.

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PHRPP 06

An Ethnomedicinal Survey Conducted Among Folk Medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) of Balidha Village in

Jessore District, Bangladesh Shakila Akter1, Md. Majedul Hasan1, Mansur Ahmed1, Mohammad Washim Khan1

Md. Shahadat Hossan1, Md. Nazmul Hasan1,2, Rownak Jahan1, Mohammed Rahmatullah1 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

2Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore Email: [email protected]

Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) play an important role in delivering primary health-care to the rural population of Bangladesh. They mostly rely on medicinal plants for treatment of a diverse variety of ailments. Such plants can play a useful role in the discovery of newer and more efficacious drugs. As such, it was the objective of the present study to conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among the Kavirajes of Balidha village in Jessore district, Bangladesh to document the medicinal plants used by them for treatment of diverse ailments. The survey was conducted with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field-walk method. Some of the plants used by the Kavirajes and the ailments treated are given in the Table (below).

Local Name Scientific Name Family Name Used Part Indication eywocvj Hemigraphis hirta Acanthaceae Leaf juice Headache wg‡V †e‡ojv Sida cordifolia Malvaceae Leaf juice, Root Dysentery wbg MvQ Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Leaf , Bark Any type of disease dwb gbmv Opuntia dillenii Cactaceae Leaf juice Headache, Menstrual pain,

Leg pain _vbKzwb Centella asiatica Apiaceae Leaf juice Dysentery, Cataract eywRi MvQ (KvUv MvQ)

Flacourtia indica Flacourtiaceae Leaf Stomachache

‡k¦Z KzP Abrus precatorius Fabaceae Leaf, Root Aphrodisiac, Arthritis, Rheumatism

MÜcvZvwj Paederia foetida Rubiaceae Leaf Indigestion, Stomachache kvjcvb Desmodium gangeticum Fabaceae Leaf, Root Chest pain, Sexual problem njy MvQ Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Root Biliary disorders ‡Ksov MvQ Commelina benghalensis Commelinaceae Leaf Analgesic Mve MvQ Diospyros philippensis Ebenaceae Seed Aphrodisiac Re Wyygyi Ficus racemosa Moraceae Fruit Stomachache Rv¤yiv MvQ Citrus grandis Rutaceae Root Aphrodisiac bxg f~Z Murraya koenigii Rutaceae Leaf To cure fear of ghosts or

evil spirits AvZv MvQ Annona squamosa Annonaceae Seed Aphrodisiac K`g dzj MvQ Anthocephalus indicus Rubiaceae Leaf Elephantitis, Any problem

of scrotum Rvg MvQ Syzygium cumini Myrtceae Leaf Diabetes kZg~j Asparagus racemosus Liliaceae Leaf, Root Diabetes and heart disease Q‡e`v MvQ Manilkara achras Sapotaceae Fruit Vitamin supplementation

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PHRPP 07

A Survey of Plants used During Times of Food Scarcity in Silakhana Village of Bagerhat District, Bangladesh

Md. Tabibul Islam*, Alok Kumar Paul, Anita Paul, Protiva Rani Das M. Nur Kabidul Azam, Rownak Jahan, Mohammed Rahmatullah

Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh. Email: [email protected]

More than a third of the rural population of Bangladesh has incomes below the poverty level, which has been defined as less than US$1 per day. Such population, to meet their daily nutritional needs and to satiate hunger, relies on wild and semi-wild edible vegetables and fruits, which serve as an alternate to the main cereal diet of Bangladeshi people, namely rice. Since such edibles can meet the nutritional needs of the people, at least to some extent, they can serve as edible plants for the future. This is more so, because such wild edible plants can be found growing under harsh conditions in the wild, on fallow lands and by the roadsides, and without any added water or fertilizers and so can become plants, which can help mitigate food scarcity because of global climate changes. As such, the objective of the present study was to conduct a survey among the poor rural families of Silakhana village in Bagerhat district of Bangladesh to find out which sort of wild or semi-wild edible plants they consume during times of food scarcity, which condition is present in their lives practically throughout the year. The names of some of the various plants obtained are detailed in the Table below.

Local Name Botanical Name Parts used Ambali shak Oxalis corniculata Leaf Orhorer dal Cajanus cajan Seeds Beto shak Chenopodium album Leaf and new stems

Brahmi shak Bacopa monnieri Leaf and new stems

Dheki shak Dryopteris sp. Leaf and new stems Deua fol Artocarpus lakoocha Fruit pulp Dumur Ficus hispida Barks of floral stems

Ghatkul/ Ghetkun Typhonium trilobatum Leaf Gima shak Glinus oppositifolius Leaf and new stems Helencha Enhydra fluctuans Leaf and new stems

Kata shak/ Kata notey Amaranthus spinosus Leaf and fresh stems Khudi jam Syzigium fruiticosum Fruit pulp

Bangladesh is a country projected to be the most affected because of global climate changes. When the substantial number of particularly the rural population is concerned, they will probably be more affected by such climate changes with consequent negative effects on rural productivity. As such, the above-mentioned plants can make a critical difference between survival or death from malnutrition, and consequently should be studied in depth towards finding their nutritional efficacy and whether they can serve as a substitute diet for the people.

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PHRPP 08 Studies on Excess Volumetric and Viscometric Properties for DMF and Other Alcohols Mixtures from 303.15K to 323.15K

Md. Shaharul Islam1, Md. Helal Uddin1*, Md. Abdullah-Al-Masud2 and Md. Ahsanul Haque1 1Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh

2Department of Applied Physics, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh


Abstract: Liquid mixtures frequently appear in chemical research1. Densities and viscosities of four binary systems: N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) + 1-propanol, DMF + 2-propanol, DMF + butanol and DMF + 1-pentanol have been measured at five different temperatures ranging form 303.15K to 323.15K at an interval of 5K. Excess molar volumes were found to be negative over the entire concentration range such as Figure-1 for DMF + 1-propanol system. Attempts have been made to explain the excess molar volumes primarily in terms of the complex formation of DMF and alcohols, segmental inclusion of DMF into the void spaces of alcohols network, size effect and steric hindrance. It has been seen that the negative excess molar volume decreases with the increase of chain length of alcohol, the magnitude follows the order DMF+ 1-propanol >, + 2-propanol >, + butanol >, + 1-pentanol. The viscosity behaviors of DMF + alcohols are shown as a function of mole fraction of DMF. The change of viscosity has been found to be sensitive to the chain length of alcohols. Excess viscosities and Grunberg- Nissan interaction parameters have been found to be positive for DMF + 1-propanol and DMF + 2-propanol systems, and negative for other two systems DMF + butanol and DMF + 1-pentanol (Figure-2). The positive excess viscosity and interaction parameter for DMF + 1-propanol and DMF + 2-propanol systems are accounted for by strong specific interaction. The thermodynamic energy of activation such as, positive ∆G#E each also compatible with the observation. Contrary to

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Mole Fraction of DMF (X1)

Exce

ss M

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Vm

E /cm

3 . mol

-1

Series1Series2Series3Series4Series5

Figure 1: Excess molar volume, ΕmV of DMF

(x1) and 1-propanol (x2) system at different temperatures; Here, series1: 303.15 K, series2: 308.15 K, series3: 313.15 K, series4: 318.15 K & series: 323.15 K.

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Exce

ss V

isco

sity

/mP

Series1Series2Series3Series4Series5

Figure 2: Excess viscosity, ŋE/Mp of DMF (x1) and Butanol (x2) system at different temperatures; Here, series1: 303.15 K, series2: 308.15 K, series3: 313.15 K, series4: 318.15 K & series: 323.15 K.

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this negative excess viscosities of varying magnitude have been observed for the DMF + butanol and DMF + 1-pentanol systems. The negative excess viscosities have been explained by the reduction of surface area of DMF-alcohol complex due to the segmental inclusion as well as steric hindrance. The interaction parameters which have been found to be negative for this system strongly indicate weak interactions between the components of the system. The above conclusions have been supported by the sign and magnitude of the excess free energy of activation.

PHRPP 09 Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effect the Leaves of Ethanol

Extract of Saurauia roxburghii Faridul Islam1*, Md. Saidur Rahman1, Muhammad Abu Bakar1 and A M Abdullah1

1Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories Chittagong, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh


Abstract : The present study was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effect the leaves of ethanol extract of Saurauia roxburghii. The ethanol extract of Saurauia roxburghii was evaluated for its antidiabetic activities in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The significant reduction in blood glucose levels of the ethanol extract at 2g/kg dose exhibited a peak effect of 53.51% using glucometer. It gives the lowering blood glucose effects. The DPPH free radical scavenging effect of the ethanol extract was compared with standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. IC50 values were found 37.844 µg/ml for the extract and 0.661 µg/ml for ascorbic acid. The ethanol extract was screened phytochemically for its chemical components. This revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and steroids in moderate concentration. This study shows a possible beneficial effect of Saurauia roxburghii in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and antioxidant activity. Keywords: Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, DPPH, Glucometer, Saurauia roxburghii

PHRPP 10 Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oil and 16-Hydroxyl

Beutilinic Acid from Mikania Scandens (l.) Willd.17 Atiqur Rahman*1, S. A. Siddiqui 1, Mst Khodeza Khatun1, M. A. Rashid1, A. H. M. Jamal2

Rezuanul Islam 2, Dipak Kumar Paul3 1Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh

2Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh 3Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh


Abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate antimicrobial potential of essential oil and 16-hydroxy betulinic acid isolated from the leaves of Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by the GC-MS. Twenty nine compounds representing 97.45%, of the total leaf oil were identified, of which β-caryophyllene (16.98%), δ-cadinene

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(12.22%), α-cubebene (11.33%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (10.17%), caryophyllene oxide (7.74%), and β-himachalene (4.68%) were the major compounds. The structure of the compound was determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The essential oil and compound were tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The diluted leaf essential oil (10 µl/disc of 1:5, v/v dilution with methanol) exhibited a potent inhibitory effect against Bacillus subtilis IFO 3232, Sarcina lutea IAM 1671, Escherichia coli IFO 3007, Klebsiella pneumonia ATTC 10031, Xanthomonas campestris IAM 1671 and Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 13867. The antifungal activity of leaf oil was evaluated for in vitro controlling of some important plant pathogenic fungi. At the concentration of 10 µl/disc (1:5, v/v dilution of oil with MeOH), the leaf essential oil showed potent inhibitory effect on the radial growth of Rhizoctonia solani (AGA-1) KACC 40111 (63.1%), Rhizoctonia solani (AGA-2) (53.9%), Pyphium graminicola (70.8%), Tricoderma harzianum (55.4%), Fusarium oxysporum KACC 41083 (75.4%). On the other hand, 16-hydroxy betulinic acid showed potent antimicrobial activities. The results of our study demonstrate that the natural products derived from M. scandens might be used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and agro-industries due to their broad range of biological activities.

PHRPP 11 Medicinal Plants of the Bongshi tribe Inhabiting the Tangail

District in Bangladesh Protiva Rani Das*, Md. Tabibul Islam, Rabina Jerin Ripa, Shakila Akter

Zubaida Khatun, Rownak Jahan, Mohammed Rahmatullah Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Development Alternative

Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh. Email: [email protected]

The Bongshis are a small tribe inhabiting the Mahanandapur and Dhondhonia villages located in Bangladesh. Although they have largely assimilated with the mainstream Bengali-speaking population, they still maintain some of their traditional practices including medicinal practices. Since indigenous medicinal practices have always proved to be a good source for discovery of modern allopathic drugs, it was the objective of the present study to conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among the three tribal medicinal practitioners of the Bongshi tribe of Tangail district in the afore-mentioned villages. The survey was conducted with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field-walk method. A number of plants were observed to be used by the tribal medicinal practitioners of the Bongshi tribe, some of which are detailed in the Table (below).

Scientific Name Family Name Local Name Utilized Part

Ailment(s) and formulation(s)

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Wall. ex Nees

Acanthaceae Kalomegh Leaf, stem

Fever, constipation. Leaves and stems are soaked in water followed by drinking of the water.

Ecbolium linneanum Kurz.

Acanthaceae Vandor Leaf, root

Severe pain, joint pain. Leaves and roots of Ecbolium linneanum are mixed with whole plants of Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. (Vitaceae), and tubers of Colocasia nymphaeifolia Vent. (Araceae), and macerated to obtain juice. The juice is massaged onto painful areas.

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Justicia gendarussa L.

Acanthaceae Bish jhar Root Rheumatic pain. Macerated roots are applied to affected areas.

Achyranthes aspera L.

Amaranthaceae Ubud nangra, Bilai achra

Root Stomach pain, flatulency. Macerated roots are mixed with mustard oil and massages around the navel.

Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume

Amaranthaceae Bish kata Leaf Bleeding from cuts and wounds. Juice obtained from crushed leaves is applied to cuts and wounds to stop bleeding.

Amaranthus spinosus L.

Amaranthaceae Khuira kanta Root Red color of urine. Macerated roots of Amaranthus spinosus are taken with water and mishri (crystalline sugar) twice daily for 3 days. Alternately, macerated roots are taken with talmakhna [seeds of Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees. (Acanthaceae)].

Corypha umbraculifera Jacq.

Arecaceae Tal bindu Whole plant

Loss of strength. Macerated whole young plants are taken with water.

Indigenous medicinal plants can, because of their ready availability, serve both as treatment of diseases as well as save considerable health-care costs for the typical rural family, which is poor. From that view point, the medicinal plants of the Bongshis merit further scientific studies for validation of their efficacies in the treatment of the diseases mentioned.

PHRPP 12 A Survey of Famine Food Plants Consumed by the Rural

Population in Five Villages of Lalmonirhat and Nilphamari Districts, Bangladesh

Md. Humayoun Kabir*, Md. Rashedul Hassan, Abdul Mannan, F.M. Safiul Azam Anup Biswas, Protiva Rani Das, Rownak Jahan, Mohammed Rahmatullah

Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh. Email: [email protected]

The northwestern districts of Bangladesh suffer from a periodic famine known as the Monga. During Monga, job is scarce and demand for agricultural laborer hits an all-time low. As such, the poor landless farmers have to suffer from acute food scarcity leading to a famine-like condition. As a result of the food scarcity, the people have to do with unconventional edible plants to satiate their hunger and meet their nutritional needs. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey among the poor villagers of Sailmari, Vullarhat, Schatunama, Khurdobichondoi and West Dewabari villages of Lalmonirhat and Nilphamari districts, Bangladesh to find out the type of non-conventional plant items that they consume during times of famine or food scarcity. The names of some of the plants consumed are given in the Table (below). It is of interest that Bangladesh has been projected to be one of the worst-hit countries because of global climate changes and these northwestern districts are presumed to undergo desertification conditions because of the climate changes. As such, the plants can provide alternate sustenance to people if major cereals like paddy or wheat fail to be grown under the effect of global climate changes.

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Species Family English Name Local Name Parts Used Alternanthera sessilis Amaranthaceae Sessile joyweed,

dwarf copperleaf Shanti shak Leaves, stem

Amaranthus tristis Amaranthaceae Elephant head Chepti /tulaa shak Leaves, stem

Amaranthus tricolor Amaranthaceae Red leaf Chorie danga shak Leaves, stem

Amaranthus gangeticus

Amaranthaceae Red amaranth Laal Shak Leaves, stem

Chenopodium album Amaranthaceae Fat hen, Goose foot Bothuwa Leaves, stem

Amaranthus spinosus Amaranthaceae Spiny amaranth Kanta khuria Leaves, stem

Amaranthus viridis Amaranthaceae Slender Amaranth, Green Amaranth

Khai khuria Leaves, stem

Colocasia esculenta Araceae Taro, Elephant Ear Kochu Leaves, stem, roots

Spilanthes paniculata Asteraceae/ Compositae

Paniculated spot flowers, Para cress

Oshun/Rosun Shak Leaves, stem

Diplazium esculentum Athyriaceae Vegetable fern Dhakia shak Leaves

Bombax malabaricum Bombacaceae Silk Cotton Shimul mul Roots

Enydra fluctuans Compositae Marsh herb, Water cress

Hanchi Shak Leaves

Ipomoea aquatica Convolvulaceae Water Spinach Kalmee Shak Leaves

Ipomoea batatas Convolvulaceae Chinese water spinach Misti Aalo Leaves

Raphanus sativus Cruciferae Radish Raddish Leaves

Dioscorea esculenta Dioscoreaceae Lesser Yam Boro Aalo Tuber, leaves

Sesbania grandiflora Fabaceae Hummingbird tree, Scarlet wisteria

Bokful Flower

Leucas aspera Lamiaceae White Dead Nettle Kanshika Leaves from young plants only

PHRPP 13 Medicinal Plants used in Treatment of Tumors: Results from a

Survey of Folk Medicinal Practitioners in two Randomly Selected Villages in Khulna and Bagerhat Districts, Bangladesh

Md. Nazmul Hasan1*, Md. Nasir Ahmed2, Md. Zobaer Ahmed Bhuiyan2 Md. Mizanur Rahman2, M.N.K. Azam2, Mohammed Rahmatullah2

1Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jessore Science & Technology University, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh

2Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh


A tumor is an abnormal growth of body tissue, which can turn out to be malignant (cancerous) or non-malignant (i.e. benign). Since tumors can turn out to be cancerous, it was of interest to determine the medicinal plants used in the folk medicinal system of Bangladesh for treatment of tumors, particularly malignant tumors. Towards that, a survey was conducted among folk medicinal

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practitioners of two villages, namely Madartala and Rudaghara in Bagerhat and Khulna districts, respectively. The various plants used by the practitioners are detailed in the Table (below).

Scientific name Family Local name Part(s) utilized Centella asiatica (L.) Urb Apiaceae Thangkhai Whole plant

Ervatamia divaricata (L.) Burkill Apocynaceae Togor Leaf, flower

Tabernaemontana corymbosa Roxb. Apocynaceae Dudh phool Leaf

Aristolochia indica L. Aristolochiaceae Icha Leaf

Gnaphalium luteo-album L. Asteraceae Phool kuri Whole plant

Basella alba L. Basellaceae Pui shak Whole plant

Crataeva religiosa G. Forst. Capparidaceae Boinna Leaf

Quisqualis indica L. Combretaceae Rail lota Whole plant

Cyperus amuricus Maxim. Cyperaceae Tara ghas Whole plant

Dioscorea bulbifera L. Dioscoreaceae Lota bori, Gach alu Root, fruit

Baliospermum polyandrum Wight Euphorbiaceae Bath raaz Whole plant

Excoecaria agallocha L. Euphorbiaceae Gewa Leaf, bark

Tragia involucrata L. Euphorbiaceae Bichchatu Root

Clitoria ternatea L. Fabaceae Aparajita Flower, seed

Erythrina variegate L. Fabaceae Madar gach Fruit

Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Fabaceae Arhor kalai Seed

Leea macrophylla Roxb. Leeaceae Hostikornopolash Leaf, root

Punica granatum L. Lythraceae Dalim Leaf, fruit, seed

Zea mays L. Poaceae Bottha Leaf, fruit

Solanum surattense Burm. f. Solanaceae Ghato baegun Fruit

Curcuma longa L. Zingiberaceae Holud Leaf, rhizome

Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases in the world with a high degree of mortality, particularly if not diagnosed in the early stages. Modern allopathic medicine treats cancer or tumors with chemotherapeutic agents or radiotherapy, both of which have serious and often debilitating side-effects. Several well known anti-cancer drugs like vincristine, vinblastine and taxol have been isolated from plant sources. From that view point, the plants obtained in the present survey merit further potential for scientific studies towards discovery of novel and more efficacious drugs for cancer treatment.

PHMPP 01

Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Chintamani Chaturmukh Ras” after Chronic Administration

to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats Taslima Bushra, Tasmina Rahman, Kaniz Fatema, Afrin Parvin,

Md Mahabubay Sobahani and M. S. K. Choudhuri Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Chintamani Chaturmukh Ras (CMC) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of epilepsy in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of CMC, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 54 days chronic

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administration of the CMC preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the male rats there was increase in the Total protein (8.205 % incr.), the Albumin (12.294 % incr.) and the Globulin (16.535 % incr.) content in the plasma. None of the increase in the Total protein (p=0.214), in the Albumin (p=0.237) and the Globulin (p=0.517) content were significantly different from their corresponding control values. The (25.414%) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was also not statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.361). In the male rats decrease was noted in the triglyceride level (2.725 % decr.), VLDL (8.145 % decr.) and HDL (37.630 % decr.) content in the plasma. In case of the decrease in the triglyceride level, the decrease was not statistically significant (p=0.750), in case of VLDL it was not significant (p=0.394) and in case of HDL it was significantly (p=0.035) different from their corresponding control values. Whereas there was increase in the total cholesterol (6.351 % incr.) and LDL (27.803 % incr.). In case of total cholesterol the increase was not statistically significant (p=0.465) also in case of LDL the increase was not statistically significant (p=0.124). The increase in Total cholesterol/HDL ratio (114.344 % incr) was statistically highly significantly different (p=0.007) from their corresponding control and also the increase in LDL/HDL ratio (140.978 % incr) was statistically highly significant (p=0.009). After chronic administration of Chintamani Chaturmukh Ras (CMC) to the male rats an increase of bilirubin level (22.075% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.494). After chronic administration of Chintamani Chaturmukh (CMC) to the male rats an increase of creatinine level (13.651% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.435). CMC caused 6.837% decrease in plasma uric acid which was not statistically significant (p=0.795).

PHMPP 02

Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Mehamudgar Ras” after Chronic Administration to Male

Sprague-Dawley Rats Tanzina Hamid Ekra, Tania Binte Wahed, Musfira, Muhammad Arif Hasan,

Arjyabrata Sarker and M. S. K. Choudhuri Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Mehamudgar Ras (MHM) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of dysuria in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of MHM, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 51 days chronic administration of the MHM preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was decreased (4.04 % decr.) in the MHM treated male rats. The decrease in total protein was not statistically significant (p=0.401). Interestingly, the albumin content was highly significantly (p=0.002) increased (34.399 % incr.) and the globulin content was highly significantly (p=0.006) decreased (34.463 % decr.) in MHM treated male rats The (133.907%) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values(p=0.016). In the male rats after chronic administration of MHM the total cholesterol level was 175.238 % increased in male rats group which was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) and only 6.843% increase of HDL level was noticed which was not statistically significant (p=0.670). The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (312.333% incr) was statistically very highly significant(p=0.001). After chronic administration of Mehamudgara Ras (MHM) to the male rats an increase of bilirubin level (59.091% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.273). There was a decrease in the

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plasma creatinine (13.542% decr.) in the MHM treated male rats, and this decrease was not significant (p=0.279). Also a statistically insignificant decrease in the urea (1.964% decr.) content in plasma was noted(p=0.891). A negligible increase in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (1.399% incr.) in plasma was noted which obviously was not statistically significant (p=0.964). MHM caused 15.694% increase in plasma uric acid which was not statistically significant(p=0. 0.740).

PHMPP 03

Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Nasta Puspantak Ras” after Chronic Administration to Male

Sprague-Dawley Rats Md. Monir Hossain, Masum Shahriar, Syed Samiul Haque, Habiba Sultana,

Ashrafy Tahmida and M. S. K. Choudhuri Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Nasta Puspantak Ras (NPR) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of gynecological disorder in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of NPR, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 54 days chronic administration of the NPR preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was literally unchanged (0.332 % incr.) in the NPR treated male rats, obviously it was not significantly different from its corresponding control value (p=0.958). Interestingly, the albumin content was statistically significantly (p=0.047) decreased (36.811 % decr.) and the globulin content was decreased (45.088 % decr) in NPR treated male rats, though was not significant but yet noticeable (p=0.091). The (22.479%) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was not significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.740). In the male rats though there was no statistically significant increase noted in the triglyceride level (61.499 % incr.) and the VLDL (61.499 % incr.) content in the plasma, yet the increases in both of the cases were noticeable (p=0.089). Whereas statistically very highly significant decrease in the total cholesterol (58.276 % decr.) (p=0.001), LDL (65.169 % decr.) (p=0.001) and HDL (49.679 % decr.) (p=0.001) content in the plasma was noted. The decrease in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (2.375 % decr) was not statistically significant, though it was noticeable (p=0.089) and the decrease in LDL/HDL ratio (29.399 % decr.) was statistically significant (p=0.021). After chronic administration of NPR to the male rats a statistically significant (p=0.024) increase of bilirubin level (72.4% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group. In plasma of the NPR treated male rats, there was a statistically very highly significant decrease in the plasma creatinine (58.333% decr.) (p=0.001) and a statistically very highly significant decrease was noted in the urea content (25.72% decr.) (p=0.001) too. A decrease in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (12.154% decr.) in plasma was noted, which was not statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.449). NPR caused 75.579% increase in plasma uric acid which was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001).

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PHMPP 04

Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Pradarantak Louha” after Chronic Administration to Male

Sprague-Dawley Rats Mariyam Akter1, Mohammad Salim Hossain1, Md. Mahmudur Rahman2,

Projjal Kanti Biswas2, M. Rakib Hasan2 and M. S. K. Choudhuri2 1Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University

Sonapur, Noakhali - 3814 Bangladesh. 2Department of Pharmacy, Jahangir Nagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Pradarantak Louha (PDL) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of leucorrhoea in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of PDL, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 54 days chronic administration of the PDL preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was increased (21.557 % incr.) in the PDL treated male rats and it was not significantly different from its corresponding control value (p=0.119). Interestingly, the albumin content was decreased (30.466 % decr.) though the decrease was statistically not significant, yet it was noticeable (p=0.084) and the globulin content was decreased (13.608 % decr) in PDL treated male rats, which was not significant (p=0.623). The (25.26% incr.) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was not significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.678). In the male rats decrease was noted in the triglyceride level (5.147 % decr.), and HDL (69.299 % decr.) content in the plasma. In case of the decrease in the triglyceride level the decrease was not statistically significant (p=0.869), and in case of HDL it was very highly significantly (p=0.001) different from their corresponding control values. Whereas there was increase in the total cholesterol (3.517 % incr.), VLDL (44.538 % incr.) and LDL (22.236 % incr.). In case of total cholesterol the increase was not statistically significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.068) and in case of VLDL the increase was not significant (p=0.209) whereas in case of LDL the increase was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001). The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (258.361 % incr.) was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001), and also the increase in LDL/HDL ratio (281.301 % incr.) was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001). After chronic administration of PDL to the male rats a statistically significant (p=0.017) decrease of bilirubin level (55.587% decr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group. There was an increase in the creatinine (60.417% incr.) content in plasma in the PDL treated male rats which was statistically highly significant (p=0.010). On the contrary, a decrease of urea level (16.679% decr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group, the decrease was statistically significant (p=0.012). A statistically very highly significant decrease in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (60.633% decr.) in plasma was noted (p=0.001). PDL caused 1.806% increase in plasma uric acid which was not statistically significant (p=0.862).

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PHMPP 05 Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of

“Brihat Vat Gajangkush” after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Shah Alam, Masum Shahriar, Shaila Nowshad, Soniya Akter, Nayma Abedin and M. S. K. Choudhuri

Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Brihat Vat Gajangkush (BVG) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of sciatica in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of BVG, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 54 days chronic administration of the BVG preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the male rats there was increase in the Total protein (2.768 % incr.), the Albumin (15.767 % incr.) and the Globulin (36.308 % incr.) content in the plasma. The increase in the Total protein (2.768% incr.) content in plasma was not significant (p=0.499). The increase in the Albumin was statistically significant (p=0.041), whereas the Globulin content was not statistically significantly (p=0.187) different from their corresponding control values. The (17.421%) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was not statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.320). In the male rats there was all throughout increase in the triglyceride level (12.561 % incr.), total cholesterol (83.562 % incr.), VLDL (6.290 % incr.), LDL (113.975 % incr.) and HDL (10.223 % incr.) content in the plasma. After chronic administration of BVG the triglyceride level was 12.561 % (p=0.340) increased in male rats group which was not statistically significant. In this investigation statistically significant (p=0.039) increase of plasma total cholesterol level in the BVG treated male rats was observed in comparison to control. Also an increase in the VLDL content in the plasma was noted which was not statistically significant (p=0.621). Statistically significant increase were observed in case of LDL (113.975% incr.) (p=0.048) from their corresponding control, but only 10.223% increase of HDL level was noticed which was not statistically significant (p=0.674). The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (145.996 % incr) was not statistically significantly different (p=0.309) from their corresponding control and also the increase in LDL/HDL ratio (212.508 % incr) was statistically not significant (p=0.297). After chronic administration of Brihat Vat Gajangkush (BVG) to the male rats an increase of bilirubin level (129.787% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.355). After chronic administration of Brihat Vat Gajangkush (BVG) to the male rats an increase of creatinine level (39.683% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which though not statistically significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.062). BVG caused 10.144% decrease in plasma uric acid which was not statistically significant (p=0.694).

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PHMPP 06

Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Brihat Purnachandra Ras” after Chronic Administration to Male

Sprague-Dawley Rats Sarder Arifuzzaman, Paritosh Chakma, Naushad Abedin,

H M Lutfor Rahman Mazumder, Uday Krishna Mondal and M. S. K. Choudhuri Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Brihat Purnachandra Ras (BPN) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of lumbago in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of BPN, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 43 days chronic administration of the BPN preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was increased (8.184 %) in the BPN treated male rats. The increase in total protein was not statistically significant (p=0.172). Interestingly, the albumin content was very highly significantly (p=0.001) increased (60.837 %) and the globulin content was very highly significantly (p=0.001) decreased (68.286 %) in BPN treated male rats. The (619.408%) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values but it was noticeable (p=0.012). In the male rats there was all throughout decrease in the triglyceride level (14.469 % decr.), total cholesterol (20.249 % decr.), VLDL (42.424 % decr.) and LDL (64.274 % incr.). The only exception was an increase in HDL (4.533 % incr.) content in the plasma. After chronic administration of BPN the triglyceride level was 14.469 % (p=0.286) decreased in male rats group which was statistically not significant. In this investigation though statistically not significant yet decrease of plasma total cholesterol level (20.249 % decr.) in the BPN treated male rats was observed in comparison to control which was noticeable (p=0.058). Also a decrease in the VLDL and LDL content in the plasma was noted. Statistically significant decrease were observed in case of VLDL (42.424% decr.) (p=0.016) and significant decrease were observed in case of LDL (64.274% decr.) (p=0.035) from their corresponding control, whereas only 4.533% increase of HDL level was noticed which was not statistically significant (p=0.782). The negligible decrease in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (2.291 % decr) was rather close to the control value, thus not at all statistically significantly different (p=0.927), whereas the decrease in LDL/HDL ratio (44.453 % decr) was not statistically significant (p=0.290). After chronic administration of Brihat Purnachandra Ras (BPN) to the male rats a increase of bilirubin level (15.962% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.768). There was a negligible decrease in the plasma creatinine (2.646% decr.) in the BPN treated male rats, and this decrease was obviously not significant (p=0.773). On the contrary, a statistically significant increase in the urea (21.881% incr.) content in plasma was noted (p=0.024). A statistically significant increase in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (27.323%) in plasma was noted (p=0.028).

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“Brihat Somnath Ras” after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Md. Mehedi Hasan, Motahar Hossain Chowdhury, Jannatul Fardous, Muslima Khanam Md Imran Khan and M. S. K. Choudhuri


Brihat Somnath Ras (BSM) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of BSM, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 51 days chronic administration of the BSM preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was increased (3.502 %) in the BSM treated male rats. The increase in total protein was not significant (p=0.539). Interestingly, the albumin content was statistically insignificantly (p=0.423) decreased (8.588 %) and the globulin content was insignificantly (p=0.563) decreased (5.757 %) in BSM treated male rats. The (14.057%) decrease in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was not statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.387). In the male rats after chronic administration of BSM the total cholesterol level was 145.926 % (p=0.003) increased in male rats group which was statistically highly significant and only 3.409% increase of HDL level was noticed which was not statistically significant (p=0.822). The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (321.153% incr) was statistically significant (p=0.012). After chronic administration of Brihat Somnath Ras (BSM) to the male rats an increase of bilirubin level (29.924% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.613). There was an increase in the creatinine (7.813% incr.) content in plasma in the BSM treated male rats which was not statistically significant (p=0.478). On the contrary, a decrease of urea level (2.106% decr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group, the decrease was not statistically significant (p=0.867). A decrease in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (10.976%) in plasma was noted which was not statistically significant (p=0.573). BSM caused 18.711% decrease in plasma uric acid which was not statistically significant (p=0.547).


“Maharaj Nripatiballav” after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Santu Kumar Singha, Ishtiaque Ahmed Chowdhury, Imran Ashab, Maksud Hassan, Pritam Saha Podder and M. S. K. Choudhuri


Maharaj Nripatiballav (MNR) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of sprue syndrome in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of MNR, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 54 days chronic administration of the SLS preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study,

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the total protein content in the plasma was increased (3.842 % incr.) in the MNR treated male rats. The increase in total protein was not significant (p=0.532). Interestingly, the albumin content was statistically significantly (p=0.046) decreased (36.979 % decr.) and the globulin content was insignificantly (p=0.182) decreased (33.738 % decr.) in MNR treated male rats. The (13.319% decr.) decrease in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was not significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.842). In the male rats though there was no statistically significant increase noted in the triglyceride level (61.499 % incr.), yet the increase was noticeable (p=0.092). There was statistically significant increase noted in the VLDL (75.080 % incr.) (p=0.037) content in the plasma. Whereas statistically very highly significant decrease in the total cholesterol (48.133 % decr.) (p=0.001), LDL (50.130 % decr.) (p=0.001) and HDL (66.632 % decr.) (p=0.001) content in the plasma was noted. The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (51.133 % incr) was statistically highly significant (p=0.003) and the increase in LDL/HDL ratio (50.123 % incr.) was statistically significant (p=0.018). After chronic administration of MNR to the male rats an increase in bilirubin level (97.865% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group, the increase was statistically significant (p=0.050). In plasma of the MNR treated male rats, there was a statistically very highly significant decrease in the plasma creatinine (61.449% decr.) (p=0.001) and a decrease was noted in the urea content (11.284% decr.), the decrease though was not statistically significant, yet it was noticeable (p=0.103). A negligible decrease in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (2.790% decr.) in plasma was noted, which was obviously not statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.859). MNR caused 108.807% increase in plasma uric acid which was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001).


“Rajakalyan Vati” after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Projjal Kanti Biswas, Nisrat Jahan, M Salahuddin Bhuiyan, Kumar Narasinha Roy Faria Farzana Perveen, and M. S. K. Choudhuri


Rajakalyan Vati (ABB) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of ABB, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 43 days chronic administration of the ABB preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was decreased (5.085 % decr.) in the ABB treated male rats and the decrease was not significant (p=0.307). Interestingly, the albumin content was very highly significantly (p=0.001) decreased (26.87 % decr.) and the globulin content was increased (14.103 % incr.) in ABB treated male rats which was statistically not significant (p=0.188). The (31.349% decr.) decrease in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was statistically significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.030). In the male rats there was decrease in the total cholesterol (6.075 % decr.) (p=0.622) and LDL (44.837 % decr.) (p=0.136) which were not statistically siginificantly different from their corresponding control values. The decrease in VLDL (37.132 % decr.) though not significant, yet it was noticeable (p=0.062). Whereas increase was noted in the triglyceride level (1.079 % incr.), and HDL (20.404 % incr.) content in the plasma. None of the increase in the triglyceride level (p=0.940) and HDL (p=0.303) content were significantly different from their corresponding control values. The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (11.482 % incr.) was

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rather close to the control value, thus not at all statistically significantly different (p=0.651), whereas the decrease in LDL/HDL ratio (24.541 % decr) was also not statistically significant (p=0.534). After chronic administration of Abalabal Ras (ABB) to the male rats a decrease of bilirubin level (17.5% decr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.686). There was a decrease in the creatinine (11.245% decr.) content in plasma in the ABB treated male rats which was not statistically significant (p=0.266). On the contrary, an increase of urea level (11.707% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group, the decrease was not statistically significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.107). A statistically highly significant increase in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (38.033% incr.) in plasma was noted (p=0.008).


“Slesma Sailendra Ras” after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Chinmoy Kumar Sen1, Palash Karmakar1, Latifa Bulbul1, Jamiuddin Ahmed1, Sudip Kumar Dam2 and M. S. K. Choudhuri2

1Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University Sonapur, Noakhali - 3814 Bangladesh.

2Department of Pharmacy, Jahangir Nagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Slesma Sailendra Ras (SLS) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of cold, flu and fever in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of SLS, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 54 days chronic administration of the SLS preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the male rats there was decrease in the Total protein (24.069 % decr.), the Albumin (37.789 % decr.) and the Globulin (67.935 % decr.) content in the plasma. A statistically very highly significant decrease in the Total protein (p=0.001) content in plasma was noted. The decrease in the Albumin (p=0.043) and the Globulin (p=0.024) content were significantly different from their corresponding control values. The (157.110%) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio though were not significantly different from their corresponding control values but it was noticeable (p=0.119). In the male rats there was a negligible increase noted in the triglyceride level (6.49 % incr.) (p=0.816) and VLDL (6.49 % incr.) (p=0.816) content in the plasma which was obviously not statistically significant. Whereas statistically very highly significant decrease in the total cholesterol (88.458 % decr.) (p=0.001), LDL (92.433 % decr.) (p=0.001) and HDL (63.942 % decr.) (p=0.001) content in the plasma was noted. The decrease in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (61.011 % decr) was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001), whereas the decrease in LDL/HDL ratio (35.2 % decr) was not statistically significant (p=0.265). After chronic administration of SLS to the male rats a decrease of bilirubin level (39.075% decr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group, the decrease though not statistically significant, yet it was noticeable (p=0.110). There was a decrease in the plasma creatinine (12.037%) in the SLS treated male rats, though this decrease was not significant (p=0.415). On the contrary, a very highly significant decrease in the urea (20.002%) content in plasma was noted (p=0.001). A highly significant decrease in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (26.665%) in plasma was noted (p=0.003). SLS caused 11.227% decrease in plasma uric acid which was not statistically significant (p=0.393).

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PHMPP 11 Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Swalpa Chandrodaya Makaradhwaj” after Chronic

Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats Shuvagata Kahali, Rubina Akhter, S. J. Sarah Muneem, Sagor Chandra Roy,

Humia Akter and M. S. K. Choudhuri Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Swalpa Chandrodaya Makaradhwaj (SCM), an Ayurvedic preparation is used as a traditional medicine for rejuvenation in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of SCM, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 30 days chronic administration of the SCM preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was decreased (12.109 % decr.) in the SCM treated male rats. The decrease in total protein was not significant (p=0.539). Interestingly, the albumin content was statistically significantly (p=0.038) increased (18.088 % incr) and the globulin content was insignificantly (p=0.835) increased (8.126 %) in SCM treated male rats. The (25.515% incr.) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was not significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.342). Decrease was noted in the triglyceride level (2.137 % decr.), VLDL (13.011 % decr.) and HDL (55.398 % decr.) content in the plasma. Although decreases in the triglyceride level (p=0.798) and VLDL content (p=0.344) were insignificantly different from their corresponding control values, it would be worthy to mention that the decrease in HDL was statistically highly significant (p=0.004). Whereas, in the male rats there was increase in the total cholesterol (10.274 % incr.) which was not significant (p=0.316) and increase in LDL (26.703 % incr.) which though not significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.054). The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (217.451 % incr) was statistically highly significant (p=0.009) and in the same way the increase in LDL/HDL ratio (258.56 % incr.) was statistically highly significant (p=0.008). After chronic administration of Swalpa Chandrodaya Makaradhwaja (SCM) to the male rats an increase of bilirubin level (10.106% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.784). After chronic administration of Swalpa Chandrodaya Makaradhwaja (SCM) to the male rats an increase of creatinine level (23.043% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which though not statistically significant yet it was noticeable(p=0.080). SCM caused 34.944% decrease in plasma uric acid which though not statistically significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.093).

PHMPP 12 Organ Body Weight Ratio Toxicity Studies of

“Panchatikta Ghrita Guggulu” after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Shurab Hossain1, Shuvagata Kahali2, Ishtiaque Ahmed Chowdhury2, Kamrun Nahar2, Rehana Hossain3 and M. S. K. Choudhuri2

1Government Unani and Ayurveda Medical College, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

3Department of Pharmacy. North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Pancatikta Ghrta Guggulu (PTK-G) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of skin diseases in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of PTK-

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G, it was administered chronically to the male and female rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg. After chronic administration of the PTK-G preparation for 47 days for male rats and 40 days for female rats the following toxicological changes were noted. All throughout the experimental period the PTK-G treated male rats were always maintaining negligible (1.49 increase – 4.67 % decrease) change in body weight. All throughout the experimental period the PTK-G treated female rats were always maintaining decrease in body weight, only on Day 40 ((5.83% loss) a statistically significant (p=0.043) decrease in the body weight gain was noted. This study involved post-mortem comparison of the relative weights of major organs and water content within the various tissues of the drug-treated male and female rats to those of the control group animals. This experiment was carried out in order to find out if the chronic administration of the drug PTK-G resulted in any toxicological changes in the organs so studied. There is a statistically highly significant (p=0.007) decrease in the relative percent weight of the male rat heart. [ 16.39814% decrease]. There is a statistically significant (p=0.033) decrease in the organ water content of the male rat heart. [ 7.910096% decrease]. There is a statistically highly significant (p=0.004) decrease in the relative percent weight of the male rat lungs. [ 28.90588% decrease]. There is a statistically highly significant (p=0.002) decrease in the organ water content of the male rat lungs. [ 8.080839 % decrease].There is a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the relative percent weight of the male rat liver. [ 24.56496% decrease]. There is a statistically significant (p=0.031) decrease in the organ water content of the male rat liver. [ 5.501815 % decrease]. There is a statistically highly significant (p=0.002) decrease in the relative percent weight of the male rat kidney. [ 28.6489 % decrease]. There is a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the organ water content of the male rat kidney. [ 8.146903% decrease]. There is a statistically highly significant (p=0.003) decrease in the relative percent weight of the male rat spleen. [ 26.63283 % decrease]. There is a statistically highly significant (p=0.011) decrease in the organ water content of the male rat spleen. [ 6.967354% decrease]. There is a [ 25.2608 %] decrease in the relative percent weight of the male rat thymus, the decrease though not significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.053). There is a [1.608332 %] decrease in the organ water content of the rat testis, the decrease though not significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.075).

PHMPP 13 Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Pancatikta

Ghrta Guggulu” after Chronic Administration to Male and Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

Shurab Hossain1, M. Babul Akhter1, Projjal Kanti Biswas2, Md. Mahmudur Rahman2, Farheen Faroque Ruchita3 and M. S. K. Choudhuri2

1Government Unani and Ayurveda Medical College, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

3Department of Pharmacy. North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Pancatikta Ghrta Guggulu (PTK-G) an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of skin diseases in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of PTK-G, it was administered chronically to the male and female rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg. After chronic administration of the PTK-G preparation for 47 days for male rats and 40 days for female rats the following change in clinical chemistry were noted. In the study, the total protein content in the plasma was increased in the PTK-G treated female rats. The increase (4.266 % incr.) in total protein was not significant (p=0.564). Interestingly, the albumin content was significantly (p=0.026) increased (17.903 % incr.) and the globulin content was insignificantly (p=0.250) decreased (10.960 % decr.)

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in PTK-G treated female rats. In the male rats, after chronic administration of PTK-G the Triglyceride level was (19.615% decr.) and HDL both decreased. In case of Triglyceride the decrease though not significant yet it was noticeable (p=0.074). A decrease was found in case of the HDL (7.762% decr.) in comparison to the corresponding control values in the male rats and this decrease in HDL was not at all significant (p=0.534). In the female rats decrease was noted in the triglyceride level (14.924 % decr.) (p=0.332) and VLDL (??.?? % decr.) (p=0.???) content in the plasma. There was increase in the total cholesterol (6.442 % incr.) (p=0.350) and HDL (3.908 % incr.) (p=0.604). None of these changes (both increase or decrease) were significantly different from their corresponding control values. After chronic administration of PTK-G to the female rats an increase of bilirubin level (6.140% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.892). Kidney function test was performed to measure the creatinine content in the plasma. There was a negligible decrease in the plasma creatinine (3.549%) in the PTK-G treated male rats, and this decrease was not significant (p=0.272). Also a statistically insignificant decrease in the urea (7.435%) content in plasma was noted (p=0.373). There was a decrease in the plasma creatinine (2.572%) in the PTK-G treated female rats, and this decrease was not significant (p=0.696). Also a negligible decrease in the urea (0.744%) content in plasma was noted which was not at all statistically significant (p=0.870). In the male rats it was observed that about 10.870% decrease in plasma uric acid content of PTK-G treated male rats in comparison to their control male rats which was not statistically significant (p=0.569). In the female rats it was observed that about 13.409% decrease in plasma uric acid content of PTK-G treated female rats in comparison to their control female rats which was not statistically significant (p=0.315). In the male rats there was a statistically very highly significant increase (21.736% incr.) in the sGOT (p=0.002). Increase (16.039% incr.) was also noticed in LDH, though it was not statistically significant (p=0.418). There was a negligible decrease in the sGPT (5.410% decr.) in the PTK-G treated male rats, and this decrease was not significant (p=0.453). Also a statistically insignificant decrease in the ALP (9.254% decr.) content in plasma was noted (p=0.404). In the female rats there was a decrease in the sGOT which statistically was not significant (11.583% decr.) (p=0.164). There was a negligible increase in the sGPT (0.950% incr.) in the PTK-G treated female rats, and this increase was not statistically significant (p=0.886). A negligible increase in the ALP (2.389% incr.) content in plasma was noted which was not statistically significant (p=0.828). Also decrease was also noticed in LDH, though it was not statistically significant (15.392% decr.) (p=0.503).

PHMPP 14 Preclinical Blood Chemistry Safety Profile Studies of “Maha

Jogaraja Guggulu” after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Mst. Reshma Khatun, M. Mafruhi Sattar, Swagata Sarker, Md Tareq Rahman, Md. Reza Ul Karim and M. S. K. Choudhuri


Maha Jogaraja Guggulu (MGG) an Ayurvedic preparation is used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of osteoarthritis in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of MGG, it was administered chronically to the male rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg. After 54 days chronic administration of the MGG preparation the following toxicological changes were noted. In the male rats there was decrease in the Total protein (2.882 % decr.), the Albumin (37.724 % decr.) and the Globulin (43.445 % decr.) content in the plasma. The decrease in the Total protein (2.882%) content

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in plasma was not statistically significant (p=0.649). The decrease in the Albumin was significantly (p=0.043) different from their corresponding control values, whereas the Globulin content though not significantly different from their corresponding control values, yet the decrease was noticeable (p=0.101). The (22.390%) increase in the Albumin / Globulin ratio was not significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.741). In the male rats there was increase noted in the triglyceride level (89.394 % incr.) (p=0.064) and VLDL (89.393 % incr.) (p=0.064) content in the plasma, both though not significantly different from their corresponding control values, yet the decrease was noticeable. Whereas statistically very highly significant decrease in the total cholesterol (56.316 % decr.) (p=0.001), LDL (57.927 % decr.) (p=0.001) and HDL (60.124 % decr.) (p=0.001) content in the plasma was noted. The increase in Total cholesterol /HDL ratio (11.217 % incr) was not statistically significant (p=0.204) and also the increase in LDL/HDL ratio (2.183 % incr) was not statistically significant (p=0.859). After chronic administration of Maha Jogaraja Guggulu (MGG) to the male rats an increase of bilirubin level (45.183% incr.) in the plasma was noted in comparison to their control group which was not statistically significant (p=0.354). There was a statistically very highly significant decrease in the plasma creatinine (58.238% decr.) (p=0.001). The decrease in the urea (8.48% decr.) content in plasma in the MGG treated male rats though not statistically significant it was noticeable (p=0.116). A very highly significant decrease in the Urea/Creatinine ratio (45.604%) in plasma was noted (p=0.001). MGG caused 107.365% increase in plasma uric acid which was statistically very highly significant (p=0.001).

PHMPP 15 In Vivo Screening for Non-narcotic Analgesic Property using

Swiss-Webster Mice to Understand the Comparative Pharmacological Activity of Ayurvedic Medicinal Preparations

Ninadh Malrina D’Costa1, Dipan Kumar Kundu1, Ariful Islam2, Md. Siddikur Rahman3, Mst. Farzana Yasmin3 and M. S. K. Choudhuri3

1Department of Pharmacy. North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3Department of Pharmacy, Jahangir Nagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

The drugs at dose of 40mL/kg along with the control and positive control (diclofenac sodium 25mg/kg) were administered orally. 45 minutes after drug treatment, the mice were given intra-peritoneal injection of 0.15 ml of 7% acetic acid solution to induce writhing. The total number of writhing occurring between 15 and 20 min after acetic acid injection was recorded. The response of the drug and diclofenac sodium treated groups was compared with those of animals in the control group. One-Way ANOVA followed by Dunnets’ correction was used to analyze the data. The drugs Amritarista (MRT) 40ml/kg (p=0.087), Kutajarista (KTJ) 40ml/kg (p=0.909), Kanakasav (KNK) 40ml/kg (p=0.971), Kalomeghasav (KLM) 40ml/kg (p=0.197), Brihat Haridra Khanda (HKM) 40ml/kg (p=0.847), Moha Draksharista (MDR) 40ml/kg (p=0.74), Dasamularista (DSM) 40ml/kg (p=0.875), and Amalaki Rasayan (MLK) 40ml/kg (p=0.173) had their p-values greater than 0.10 and were considered to have no significant result. The drugs Shirisharista (SRS) 40ml/kg (p=0.001), Arjunarista (RJN) 40ml/kg (p=0.001), Prasarani Sandhan (PRS) 40ml/kg (p=0.001), Punarnavasav (PNR) 40ml/kg (p=0.001), and Diclofenac Na (p=0.001) had their p-values less than 0.01 and were considered to have highly significant result.

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PHMPP 16 In Vivo Screening for Antihistaminic Property using SWISS-

Webster Mice to Understand the Comparative Pharmacological Activity of Ayurvedic Medicinal Preparations

Md Mahmudul Hasan1, Mehdi Bin Samad1, Md Shamiul Hasan Khan2, Ishtiaque Ahmed Chowdhury3, Neshat Masud3 and M. S. K. Choudhuri3

1Department of Pharmacy. North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2Department of Pharmacy, University Of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3Department of Pharmacy, Jahangir Nagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Mice were treated with the drugs of 40ml/Kg dose at 0 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr (food and water was provided at libitum) followed by the Burn Test. The mice were anaesthetized with ketamine (150mg/kg). On confirmation of anesthesia the animals were immersed in water to the axilla (two-thirds body surface area) at 68° C for 8 seconds. The mice were kept in a clean plastic cage for further observation (food and water was yet again provided at libitum) and their total survival time was recorded at the specific time intervals of 1hr, 2hr, 3hr, 4hr, 5hr, 6hr, 12hr, 24hr, 48hr; after commencement of the burn test. One-Way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s test was done to analyze the results. The drugs Shirisharista (SRS) 40ml/kg (p=0.282), Brihat Haridra Khanda (HKM) 40ml/kg (p=0.395), Dasamularista (DSM) 40ml/kg (p=0.287), Moha Draksharista (MDR) 40ml/kg (p=0.129), Prasarani Sandhan (PRS) 40ml/kg (p=0.231), Amalaki Rasayan (MLK) 40ml/kg (p=0.231), Kutajarista (KTJ) 40ml/kg (p=0.248), Kanakasav (KNK) 40ml/kg (p=0.747), and Kalomeghasav (KLM) 40ml/kg (p=0.723) had their p-values greater than 0.10 and were considered to have no significant result. The drugs Arjunarista (RJN) 40ml/kg (p=0.032), Punarnavasav (PNR) 40ml/kg (p=0.006) and Desloratidine (p=0.002) had their p-values less than 0.05 and considered to have significant result.

PHMPP 17 In vivo Screening for Antihypoxic Property using Swiss-

Webster Mice to Understand the Comparative Pharmacological Activity of Ayurvedic Medicinal Preparations

Md Rajib Ruhan1, Syeda Hurmatul Quader1, Masud Rana2, Nadia Sultana3, Sabrina Akter3 and M. S. K. Choudhuri3

1Department of Pharmacy. North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2Department of Pharmacy, University Of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3Department of Pharmacy, Jahangir Nagar University, Savar -1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Hypoxia is an assay to indirectly, determine the change in oxygen carrying capacity of the blood following oral administration of the prepared extract. In this experiment, Swiss-Albino mice of either sex were administered 20ml/kg and 40ml/kg of the test formulation by gavage. One hour later, each of the mice were placed inside the conical flask and the mouth of the conical flask was sealed by means of plastic paraffin film (Parafin™), to ensure absolute air-tight condition inside the flasks. The time of air-locking the conical flask was noted down and the mice were observed there forth for sign

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of hypoxia induced convulsion. The air-locking time was subtracted from the convulsion time. We performed One-Way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s Test to analyze the data. The drugs Brihat Haridra Khanda (HKM) 20ml/kg (p=0.71), HKM 40ml/kg (p=0.82), Moha Draksharista (MDR) 20ml/kg (p=0.583), MDR 40ml/kg (p=0.625), Bolarista (BLR) 20ml/kg (0.661), BLR 40ml/kg (p=0.54), Aswagandharista (ASG) 20ml/kg (p=0.583), Amritarista (MRT) 20ml/kg (p=0.76), MRT 40ml/kg (p=0.625), Shirisharista (SRS) 20ml/kg (p=0.956), SRS 40ml/kg (p=0.893), Prasarani Sandhan (PRS) 20ml/kg (p=0.976), PRS 40ml/kg (p=0.619), Punarnavasav (PNR) 20ml/kg (p=0.099), Kalomeghasav (KLM) 20ml/kg (p=0.49) had their p-values greater than 0.10 and were considered to have no significant result. The drug Kalomeghasav (KLM) 40ml/kg (p=0.05) had p-value equal to 0.05 and considered to have significant result. The drugs Aswagandharista (ASG) 40ml/kg (p=0.000), Arjunarista (RJN) 20ml/kg (p=0.000), RJN 40ml/kg (p=0.000), Kutajarista (KTJ) 20ml/kg (p=0.000), KTJ 40ml/kg (p=0.000), Punarnavasav (PNR) 40ml/kg (p=0.003) had their p-values less than 0.01 and were considered to have highly significant antihypoxic activity.

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Poster Presentations - Weeblygreen-biotechbd.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/7/0/19709963/...M. Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal*, Md. Ziaur Rahman Md. Samsul Alam, Md. Azizul Islam Department of Biotechnology