Post War America and the Korean War

Thursday/Friday 4/12-13Vocab:1. GI Bill2. Baby Boom3. World Bank4. United Nations5. IMFGuiding Questions6. What changed for minorities after

the war?7. What happened in the Korean War?

Returning SoldiersO Many soldiers struggled to find work as the

factories were not producing war goods anymoreO GI Bill: Created the help the veterans adjust to

civilian lifeO Provided money for vets to attend collegeO Loans to buy a home, farm or business

O Baby Boom: A dramatic rise in birthrates after WWIIO Families were bigger so they created a demand for

productsO Minorities and Women: Forced out of jobs for

white menO Executive Order 9981: Desegregated the military

New OrganizationsO The United Nations

O Formed to create international peaceO Issued the Universal Declaration of Human

RightsO Led by the Security Council

O Five countries that have veto powerO USA, Britain, France, China and Soviet Union

O International Monetary Fund (IMF)O Encourage trade and prevent economic crisises

O World BankO Providing loans to countries

Korean WarO During WWII Japan occupied

KoreaO After WWII Korea was divided,

like Germany, into the North (Soviet controlled) and South (Allied controlled)O Divided at the 38th parallel

O North called itself the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Communist)

O South Korea was called the Republic of Korea (Democratic)

O Leads to war

Korean War ContO June 25, 1950 North Korean troops invaded

the SouthO Soviets and China supported North KoreaO Very successful at first and took the capital of

SeoulO US wanted to take a stand against

CommunismO UN Forces were sent in but weren’t enough

O Douglas MacArthur was sent in and planned an attack at the port city of InchonO Able to move out of Inchon and recapture

SeoulO American forces were dominating

O After recapturing Seoul Americans had to decide if they wanted to stop at the 38th parallel or try to take North KoreaO Worried China would send in forces

The Korean War EndsO MacArthur planned to move into North

KoreaO 260,000 Chinese troops attacked

pushing the Americans back to Seoul O MacArthur wanted to go to war with

the Chinese by bombing the mainlandO Very outspoken against Truman, called

for use of atomic bombs. O General Ridgeway was able to stop

the Chinese advance and push them back to the 38th parallel

O Truman fired MacArthurO Farewell address: “Old soldiers never

die; they just fade away.”O War officially ends in July of 1952

O 37, 000 American causalitiesO 57,000 UN causalitiesO 2 million Communist causalities