Positions of the Sun & Moon affect Earth• Phases are different views of the

Moon’s sunlit half. The Lunar phases are the lit & unlit portions of the moon you see from Earth.• Light from the sun reflected by the Moon’s

surface• The Moon’s position in its monthly

orbit determines how it appears from Earth.

Phases of the MoonWaxing Moon:

• 1st week: cycle begins w/ a new moon.Appears to be no moon b/c your face & the far side of the moon are in sunlight.

• 2nd week: Sun begins to shine on the near side of the moon. You see the crescent shape. ¼ of cycle complete.

Gibbous- during 2nd week, moon is about half lit, called waxing gibbous moon

Phases of the MoonWaning Moon:

• 3rd week: Moon is ½ way thru cycle. The whole near side of the Moon is in sunlight. FULL MOON!

- As the Moon continues during 3rd week we see less & less of it.

- Called waning gibbous moon• 4th week: near side of the Moon is ¾ of the way thru

its cycle.- As the moon continues thru we see less of it

until we see no moon b/c the sunlight is once again

only on the far side of the moon which we can’tsee.

http://eisforexplore.blogspot.com/2012/05/view-moon.html

Shadows in Space cause Eclipses• Eclipse (w.w)- happens when a shadow makes the

Sun or Moon seem to grow dark.• Lunar eclipse- Moon darkens• Solar eclipse- Sun seems to darken

• Lunar Eclipse: Moon becomes dark b/c it passes thru Earth’s shadow. Total lunar eclipse happens when Moon is completely in darkest part of Earth’s shadow.• 2 parts of Earth’s shadow: Umbra- darkest part in middle.

Penumbra- Lighter outside part of Earth’s shadow. • Solar Eclipse: Sun darkens b/c Moon’s shadow falls

onto Earth when passing between the 2. Only locations falling into Moon’s shadow experience the eclipse.

Moon’s Gravity Causes Tides on Earth

• Average water level rises slowly for 6 hours• Called high tide

• Then water level slowly drops for about 6 hours• Called low tide

• Two high tides & two low tides every 24 hours

• Happens b/c the Moon’s gravity changes the shape of Earth’s oceans by pulling on them. (Earth would be football shaped. Earth’s crust is too hard to bend into different shape)

2.3 Review Q’s 10 points

1. When the Moon is full, where is it in its orbit around Earth?

2. If it is a total lunar eclipse, where is the Moon?3. If it is high tide where you are, what is the tide

like on the opposite side of the Earth?4. Where is the sunlight on the Moon during the

New Moon phase?5. What is the darkest part of Earth’s shadow

called?