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241110 POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? 1. Dose 2. Isocenter 3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans 1 4th Stanford Computed Tomography Workshop 4th Stanford Computed Tomography Workshop RADIATION DOSE AND CONTRAST MEDIA IN NEURO & BODY CT RADIATION DOSE AND CONTRAST MEDIA IN NEURO & BODY CT Lucas Learning Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford University Lucas Learning Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford University Thursday, NOV. 18, 2010 Thursday, NOV. 18, 2010 Caryn Damits, RT (R) CT POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? 1. Dose 2. Isocenter 3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans Isocenter In imaging physics and radiation oncology, the `isocenter` is the point in space through which the central ray of the radiation beams passes Why is this important? Why is this important? Influences the MA table XY axis Centering Importance Useful when using SMART MA with GE Scanners MA Table demonstrating X Y Axis Perfect Head RX Scan Range: Skull base to vertex Angle: Base of skull to Supraorbital Meatal Line

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24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

1

4th  Stanford Computed Tomography Workshop4th  Stanford Computed Tomography WorkshopRADIATION DOSE AND CONTRAST MEDIA IN NEURO & BODY CTRADIATION DOSE AND CONTRAST MEDIA IN NEURO & BODY CT

Lucas Learning Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford UniversityLucas Learning Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford UniversityThursday, NOV. 18, 2010Thursday, NOV. 18, 2010

Caryn Damits, RT  (R) CT

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

Isocenter

• In imaging physics and radiation oncology, the `isocenter` is the point in space through which the central ray of the radiation beams passes

Why is this important? Why is this important?

Influences the MA table 

XY axisCentering Importance

Useful when using SMART MA with GE Scanners

MA Table demonstrating X Y Axis

Perfect Head RXScan Range: Skull base to vertex Angle:  Base of skull to Supra‐orbital Meatal Line

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

2

The Perfect Head Scan

AVOID THE LENS

Worse Case Scenario

The KYPHOTICHead

Worse Case ScenarioPost‐op

Head holder

What can you do?

Do your best to CENTER and Stabilize patient

Scan an AP and LAT scout *

Large Scan FOV

Revert FOV Back to 25

Use Tools available

Options

Tools available to stabilize patient: tape, sponges, wedges

Example of wedge

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

3

C‐spineRange: IAC’s to T2

No Angle

Coronal/Sag ReformatsHEAD AND CSPINE SCOUT

Long  COLLIMATED

C‐spineCoronal and Sagittal Reformats

Defining True Coronal and True Sagittal

Reformats to the body part not the table

Collimation of the Reformat

Sagittal aligned with spinal column

Coronal aligned with the dens

Iac’s seen on the same image

Alignment and Collimation

Reformatted to the Table Reformatted to the Anatomy

C‐spine

True Sagittal True Coronal

Align sagittal with dens Align with spinal column 

Overkill

How many slices?

Soft Tissue Neck

Range: Frontal Sinus to Clavicles Coronal/Sagittal ReformatsReformat to body part

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

4

Head and Neck Angio

Scan Range: Aortic Arch to VertexCoronal/Sagittal Reformats

Head/Neck Angio Reformats

True Sag: Align falx with Dens

True Cor: Align to angle of Neck

Facial/Orbits

Range: Frontal sinus to  mid Maxillary/ Chin

Bone/Soft tissue if contrast.

Facial/Orbit Reformats

Coronal Sagittal

Align Horizontal with Hard Palate

Align vertically with nasal septum

Reformat Option Windows GE Scanners

IV Contrast

Soft Tissue of interest (swelling/edema)

I f ti   Infection 

Cellulitis

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

5

Chest Scan Range: Apices to the Adrenal Glands

Reformats: Coronal/Sagittal & MIPS

Adrenal Glands

PE ChestRange: Lung Base to ApiciesCoronal/Sag/MIPS

Pacer/Defibrillator

Limit if applicableMay not be avoidable

Breasts

Tape, Sheet, Strap Inform, Educate, Respect p pp

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

6

Abdomen and Pelvis

Scan Range: Diaphragm to Pubic SymphysisCoronal Reformats

Scout Ranges

CT1S 0‐ I 500

CT2

S 50‐I 700

Scout Ranges

A/P Default Range A/P Adjusted Range

Upper ExtremitiesForearm: Supinate and Center

Lower Extremities

Stable  • Centered • Defined

POSTAGE STAMP

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

7

Postage Stamp

Wide collimation

Good Collimation

FOV Comparison40 FOV 50 fFOV

What Can You Do

Examine the Reason

Define the Frame

C lli  A i lCollimate Appropriately

Collimate to the FrameDid you know?

Initial scan from tableside?

Scan in a Decube position

Tables have Markers

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

8

Decube scanning

Table Marker

Gantry Buttons What have we learned

Isocenter

Utilize tools available

True Coronal and Sagittal

Scan Ranges

Positioning of large Breasts (Smart mA)

Collimation

Initiate scan from Tableside

FOV’s

What happened?What do you see?

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

9

BRA = Streak artifact

What is this?

24‐11‐10

POSITIONING AND LANDMARKS

• WHY  IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1. Dose

2. Isocenter

3. Consistency with Stanford CT Scans

10

4th Stanford Computed Tomography Workshop4th Stanford Computed Tomography WorkshopRADIATION DOSE AND CONTRAST MEDIA IN NEURO & BODY CTRADIATION DOSE AND CONTRAST MEDIA IN NEURO & BODY CT

Lucas Learning Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford UniversityLucas Learning Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford UniversityThursday, Nov. 18, 2010Thursday, Nov. 18, 2010