PORTABLE& OTHER FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM

Fire extinguisher= Is a device within its chemical, fluids,& gases for extinguishing and used for small area of fire.

- citizen can use them to fight a small fire before the fire department arrives.

- are designed to fight small incipient or unusual ones that are not easily put out of water.

Fire fighter use them on certain unusual fire that hose line cannot put out

CLASSES OF FIRE

Class B Fire

Class C Fire

Class D Fire

Class K fire

Class A Fire

1.Class A fires- Involves ordinary combustible such as wood , paper

cloth, plastic & rubber.

2. Class B. fires- Involves flammables& combustible

liquids,grease,gasses,such as gasoline,oils, alcohol, propane,

cooking oils, pressurized liquid & gases.

3. Class C fires- involved energized electrical equipment

which eliminate the use of water based agent to put them

out.

4.Class D Fires- Involve in combustible metal & alloy

such as magnesium, sodium, lithium, potassium

5.Class K Fires- It involve in combustible cooking fuels such as vegetable or animal oil and fats.

KIND OF EXTINGUISHER

1.Water type

2. Foam extinguisher

3. Carbon dioxide

extinguisher

4. Halon agent

5. Dry chemical

6. Dry PowderExtin

guisher

7. Wet chemical

1.Water type

1.Pump tank

•Use in small class A fire.•Generally equipped with double acting pump.

2. Stored pressure

water extinguisher

•Use full for all types of small class A fire.•Operated by means of expelling gas that propel the agent out container.

2. AQUEOUS FILM FORMING FOAM

Suitable for use on class A&B

fires

•Most effective on static of flammable liquids.•It should not be applied directly to the fuel.

The foam has good wetting &penetrating properties on class A fuels

•They are not suitable for three-dimensional fires.•Ex: such as fuel flowing down from leaky flange.

3. HALON- HALOGENATED VAPOR.

a. Halon 1211

•Intended primarily for use on class B &C fires•Stored in the nextinguisher as a liquefied compress gas.•Ozone depleting agent.

b. Halon 1301

•The agent is discharge as a nearly invincible gas that is highly susceptible to be affected by wind.•Ozone depleting agent

4. CARBON DIOXIDE EXTINGUISHER

The agent is discharge thru a plastic or rubber horn on the end of either short hose or tube.

•Effective in extinguishing class B & C fires.•They have a limited reach.•They do not require freeze protection.

The gaseous discharge is

usually accompained by little dry ice or carbon dioxide

snow.

•This snow will sublime changes into gases from shortly after the discharge.

5. DRY CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHER

Used for class A,B,C, fires

•Sodium bicarbonate-based

Among the most common portable fire extinguisher used today.

•Potassium bicarbonate- based.•Mono ammonium phosphate.

6. DRY POWDEREXTINGUISHER

For combustible metal

•Some powder agent may be applied I portable extinguisher.•Maybe applied by shovel or scoop.

Available in handheld and

& wheeled type.

•Example: magnesium , sodium , lithium , potassium.

7. WET CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHER.

Water based solution of potassium carbonate chemical

For combustible cooking

fuel.

•Example:•Vegetable or animal oil.

BASIC DESIGN OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

1. Store- pressures •Is similar to the designed to the air pressured water extinguisher.•Constant pressure of about 200psi (1400kpa) is maintain in the tank.

2. Cartidge operated •Employ a pressure cartridge connected to the agent tank.•The agent tank is not pressurized until the plunger is pushed to release the gas from the cartidge.

3. Wheeled unit. •They are rated for class A,B, & class C fire based on the dry chemical unit.•The extinguishing agent is kept in one tank and the other pressurizing gas is stored in separate cylinder

CHARACTERISTIC OF DRY CHEMICAL AGENT

1.NON-TOXIC &GENERALLY SAFE TO USE

2. Many dry chemical agent are corrosive to metal

3. The cloud chemical may reduce visibility &create respiratory problem.

FACTOR CONSIDERED DURING EACH TEST OF CLASS D RATING

1. REACTION BETWEEN THE METAL AND THE AGENT

2. TOXICITY OF THE AGENT.

3. TOXICITY OF THE FUMES PRODUCED AND THE

PRODUCT OF COMBUSTION

4. TIME ALLOW THE METAL TO BURN OUT FIRE SUPPRESSION EFFORT VEERSUS TIME TO EXTINGUISH.

SELECTING PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

1) Classification of the burning fuel2) Rating of the extinguisher.3) Hazard to be protected.4) Severity of the fire5) Atmospheric condition6) Availability of trained personnel.7) Ease of handling the extinguisher.8) Any life hazard or operational

concern

INSPECTING PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

1. External condition, no apparent damage.2. Hose , nozzle- in place.3. Weight- feel as though it contain agent.4. Pressure gauge( if any)- in operable range.5. Check to ensure that the extinguisher is in a proper

location & it is accessible.6. Inspect the discharge nozzle or horn for obstruction, check

for cracks & dirt or accumulation.7. Inspect extinguisher shell for any physical damage.8. Check to see if the operating instruction on the

extinguisher name plate are legible.9. Check the lock and pin& tamper seal to ensure that the

extinguisher has not been tampered with.10. Check the inspection tab for the date of previous

inspection, maintenance or re charging.11. Examine the condition of the hose & its associated fittings.

STEP IN OPERATING FIRE EXTINGUISHER1. Select the appropriate extinguisher based on the size &

type of the fire.2. Hold the safety pin at the top of the size breaking the

plastic or tin wire seal in the process.3. Point the nozzle or horn in a safe direction & discharge a

very short test burst to ensure proper operation.4. Carry the extinguisher to within reach of the fire.5. Aim nozzle or horn toward the material that is burning.6. Squeeze the carrying handle & the discharge handle

together to start the flow of the agent, release the handle to stop the flow.

7. Sweep the nozzle back & forth to ensure the full coverage by the extinguishing agent until the fire extinguished.

8. Watch for the smoldering hot spot for possible re-ignition of flammable liquid.

9. Back away from the fire.

REQUIREMENT FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHER

1. Construction & design of approved standard.

2. Color marking-for identification3. System of labeling-use of geometric

shape, specific color with class letter.4. Use photograph to make the selection

(when and not to used)5. Rating and testing classification.6. Selection and location.7. Care and maintenance.

EFFECTIVE RANGE OF THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER1. Effective range of a pressurized

water or foam extinguisher=20 ft (6meter).

2. Dry chemical unit from 15 to 20 feet ( 4.5 meter.)

3. CO2 Type of extinguisher fro 10 to 15 feet (3 to 3.5 meter)

MARKING OF EXTINGUISHER

ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE LIQUID

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTCOMBUSTIBLE METAL

AB

CD

That’s all folks hope you enjoy it.

Prepared by:Engr. Gerardo A. Gabon, RMEFOII BFP