Port Traffic Simulation

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Port seminar 2007

1

SHIP TRAFFIC SIMULATION STUDY

PORT EXTENSION,

CASE PORT OF ROTTERDAM

By: R. Groenveld

extension


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Port seminar 2007 2

Growth from 320 million tons/year in 2004 to 480

million tons/year in 2020Growth from 30,000 to 46,000 sea going vessels

Reclamation of 1000 ha, called Maasvlakte 2

Introduction

Extension

Why extension


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Port seminar 2007 3

Rotterdam port extension


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Port seminar 2007 4

Port objectives :

A safe and smooth handling of marine traffic

Safe:

Present safety level should be maintained

Smooth:

Service level should fulfill the demands of theship owners


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Port seminar 2007 5

Traffic flow simulation model

To determine the capacity of the port extension

With an adequate service level( mostly ship waiting times are used as service levelindicator )

With an adequate safety level(the safety level can be secured by traffic rules)


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Port seminar 2007 6

Model SpecificationComponent Name module Process describtion

Generator Genprocess Generates the ship traffic and assigns the attributes of the ship

Ship Shipprocess Describes the process of the component ship

Quay master Qmasterprocess Checks the availability of the quay and assigns the berth to a requestingvessel

VTS vtsprocess Checks tidal conditions and traffic situation

Terminaloperator

Termprocess Determines the service time (dwell time along the quay)

Tidal conditions Tideprocess Determines the tidal conditions

Tug Tugprocess Registers the number of tugs in operation

Sectionoccupation

Occupationsections Reserves the occupation of a channel section


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Port seminar 2007 7

Masterplan


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Port seminar 2007 8

Configuration model port extension


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Port seminar 2007 9

Manoeuvring simulator studies


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Port seminar 2007 10


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Number vessels per ship c lassDestination 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total GeneratorsCaland kanaal 1500 1250 1000 750 500 0 5000 1 tot 5MOT 0 0 0 0 40 92 132 6 tot 7TOR 0 771 86 0 0 0 857 8 tot 9LYONDELL 182 182 0 0 0 0 364 10 tot 11

APM 0 567 185 207 131 0 1090 12 tot 15ECT Europa 0 536 175 196 124 0 1031 16 tot 19ECT Amazone 0 1072 350 392 247 0 2061 20 tot 23EMO 91 91 259 0 6 36 483 24 tot 28NEREFCO 140 455 105 0 0 700 29 tot 31Stad Rott 10310 7896 2752 212 0 0 21170 31 tot 35

Totaal 32888

Fleets


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Ship traffic rules

Safety distance onentering

Simulation model


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Ship traffic rules

Encounter / Overtakemanoeuvres

Simulation model

Traffic Rules


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Section 3 Ship class, overtaking Ship class, encoumter

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Section 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Class 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Class 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Class 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Class 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Class 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Class 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Class 4 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 Class 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Class 5 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 Class 5 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1

Class 6 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 Class 6 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1

Class 7 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Class 7 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

Class 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 Class 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

Sect ie 4 Ship class, overtaki ng Ship class, encounter

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sectie 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Class 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 Class 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

Class 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 Class 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

Class 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Class 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

Class 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Class 4 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

Class 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Class 5 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1

Class 6 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Class 6 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

Class 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Class 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Class 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 Class 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

Traffic Rules


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Ship traffic rules

Mooring/turning basinsareas

Simulation model


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Vessel types

Type 8, Roro length 215 m, draught max 7

Type 7, LNG, length 315, draught max 13 m

Type 6, Channel bound Length>300 m Draft>17.4

Type 5, Semi channel bound, Length>300 m Draft14.3- 17.4 m

Type 4, Length>300, Draft


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Simulation model

Vessel types

Length > 300 m

draught 14.3 -17.4 m

Type 8, Roro length 215 m, draught max 7






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Simulation model

Vessel types

Length > 300 m

Draught > 17.4 m

Type 8, Ro ro length 215 m, draught max 7






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Simulation model

Vessel types

Type 8, Roro length 215 m, draught max 7 mType 7, LNG, length 315, draught max 13 m

Type 6, Channel bound Length>300 m Draft> 17.4

Type 5, Semi channel bound, Length>300 m Draft 14.3- 17.4 m



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Track and sailing times in the different


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DestinationTerm. 6West 1 2 3 4 10 11 42 43 46 49 55 58 59 60 61 62 totaal man.

Class 2 24 16 8 6 5 5 9 8 16 5 5 5 5 6 3 20 146 s62

Class 3 24 16 10 8 7 8 11 8 16 6 5 5 5 8 6 30 173 s62

Class 4 24 16 10 8 8 8 11 8 16 6 6 6 6 8 6 30 177 s62

Class 5 24 16 10 8 8 8 11 8 16 6 6 6 6 8 6 30 177 s62

Ship track

Track and sailing times in the differentsections


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Validation and speed sensitivity for

the year 2004Cases simulated :

1. Maximum speed of vessels2. Reduced vessel speeds3. Leveled vessel speeds4. Maximum vessel speeds with reduced safety distances

Destination Europoort


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Destination Europoort

0%

20%

40%60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

180%

1 2 3 4 5ship class

% o

f c a s e

4

Max. speed (case 1)

Reduced speeds (case 2)

Leveled speeds (case 3)

Max.speeds with reducedsafety distances (case 4)

Dynamic turnaround times

Destination Maasvlakte 1


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Destination Maasvlakte 1

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

1 2 3 4 5 6

ship class

% o

f c a s e

4

Max. speed (case 1)

Reduced speeds (case 2)

Leveled speeds (case 3)

Max.speeds with reducedsafety distances (case 4)

Dynamic turnaround times


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Safety study

Register the number of exposures

With historical data (casualty rates) determine thenumber of accidents Determine damage costs based on the number and

type of accidents

E t ( ) d fi iti


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head-head

crossing

crossing

radius 0.5 nautical mile

Encounter (exposure) definition


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Visibility Typeencounter

Accidents

head-head 6.2

crossing 4.9Good

overtake 6.2

head-head 88

crossing 14

Foggyvisibility


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Ship position in channel section

Figure 1 Lateral dist ribution ship posit ion in the channel


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Extension Port of Rotterdam


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2

468

1 0

1 2

1 41 6

2

46

8

1 01 2

1 41 61 82 02 2

2 42 6

2 9

Number vessels per day in section 1, less strict traffic rules

Number vessels per day in section 1, strict traffic rules


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Encounter (exposure) densities

Encountersdensity

d 6

d 5

d 4

d 3

d 2

d 1

Configuration Simulation Model Colombo port


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W1

s9

s11

s13

s8

5000

6000

7000

9000

11000

5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 1300

s10

s12

s14

s4

s5

s16

s15

s 1

s 2

s 3s 7

Colombo Port

wet infra structurefiuture situation

s6

8000

10000

terminal 2

t e r m

i n a

l 1

t e r m i n

a l 3

NUMBER ENCOUNTERS COLOMBO PORT


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U B COU S CO O BO O

C l i d d i


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Conclusions and recommendations

Capacity models satisfy quite well the demands

The accuracy depends strongly on the input dataas the arrival pattern, the service time and appliedtraffic rules

The safety estimation models are just startingEstimation of the safety area around should be

improvedEstimation of the ship track should be improved

Documents

Port Traffic Simulation