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PORT-ORFORD-CEDAR (POC) – Phytophthora lateralis Resistance
Trials at South Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve (SSNERR)
DRAFT 9/5/2012 REPORT 26 June 2012 Site Visit & 18 July 2012 Site AssessmentSunny Lucas, Jen Christie, Richard Sniezko (Photos: R.Sniezko & S.Lucas)
Contacts: [email protected] & [email protected]
Field Trials at SSNERR
• 2011a planting: 1 Demo (along 10 minute trail, near visitor area, 29 trees)
• 2011b planting: Main trial (187 trees, 11 families) – divided into two areas along Hinch Road
• 2012 planting: Largest main trial, adjacent to Reps A & B of 2011b main trial planting (15 families; 711 trees) in RCB design with 4 blocks
• BACKGROUND– Trials located beneath canopy of larger dead & living POC– Planted by Americorps with SSNERR oversight– 2012 Assessment of Dead/Alive completed 7/18/12
Objectives
• Examine genetic resistance to Phytophthora lateralis in Port-Orford-cedar (POC) in long-term field trials in areas previously affected by P. lateralis
• Use as restoration trial of POC for SSNERR – include some seedling families from different breeding zones
• Use as public education tool – especially the demo planted along 10 Minute Trial
Background
• Seedlings planted are from a variety of seedling families of POC –– Open-pollinated families (maternal parent known
(Access F), mixture of pollen parents)– Full-sib families from control crosses (both maternal
(Access F) and paternal parent (Access M) known; and may include self-pollinated families)
• Resistance of some families have been determined from various tests, including a greenhouse ‘root dip’ test. Other families planted are still in testing.
2012 Update
• The 2011 and 2012 trials seem well established, under a canopy of predominantly POC and Sitka spruce.
• At this stage, they appear to be some of the ‘better’ POC field trials, due to the sites available and the effort that went into establishment
• Great potential for involvement of students, citizen scientists, along with SSNERR & DGRC personnel
Layout of 2011b & 2012 plantings
Craig Cornu – Coordinator of Monitoring Programs
(planted POC seedlings in understory of POC and spruce)
Tom Gaskill – Education Coordinator
SSNERR Contacts 2012• Mike Graybill (not present during
visit)• Craig Cornu (pictured left)
SSNERR Contacts 2012
NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAILMike Graybill Manager
541-888-8270 Ext. 315
Robin Elledge Operations Manager
541-888-8270 Ext. 314
Adam DeMarzo Estuarine Monitoring Assistant
541-888-8270 Ext. 305
Alicia Helms Acting Research Program Coordinator
541-888-8270 Ext. 304
Craig Cornu Coordinator of Monitoring Programs
541-888-8270 Ext. 301
Deborah Rudd Public Involvement Coordinator
541-888-5558 Ext. 58
Don Smith Maintenance Assistant
541-888-8157 [email protected]
Jenna Kulluson OCEI Coordinator
541-888-5558 Ext. 32
John Bragg Coastal Training Program Coordinator
541-888-5558 Ext. 29
Joy Tally Education Program Specialist
541-888-5558 Ext. 27
Katherine Andreasen Public Service Representative
541-888-8270 Ext. 316
Nate Damewood Maintenance 541-888-8157 [email protected]
541-888-5558 Ext. 23
Pam Wilson Contracts Assistant
541-888-5558 Ext. 34
Tom Elledge Chief Technologist
541-888-8270 Ext. 303
Tom Gaskill Education Coordinator
541-888-5558 Ext. 26
Great having a sign, but a few errors on the sign that Pete Angwin and I noticed during the 2011 POC Tech meeting fieldtrip:
1) ‘not a FUNGUS’. Really a water mold. Water mold (oomycete) that superficiallyresembles a fungus, but is moreclosely related to the brown algae
2) Protection from rodents? More of protection from deer.3) Probably introduced from Asia (not Europe) into nursery in Seattle, around 1923, then into native POC in mid-1950’s
10 Minute Trail Demo (2011)• A few seedlings dead by June 2012, including
one dying 117490 OP.
45 45 41 45 45 41 41
45 45 45 41 4117 93 45 45 93 91 1290 17 9393 93 90 90 93 90 93
Dead 7/18/12Dead 7/18/12 - nice PL lesion
Path
10 Minute Interpretive Trail
Sow seed_ID Access_F Access_M resistance
Total study trees
Dead 7/18/12
% mortality 7/18/12
12 9431462 PO-MED-10480 self resistance unknown 1 1 100.017 9431488 PO-SIS-40522 self resistance unknown 2 1 50.041 9430679 PO-DOR-70084 self resistance unknown 5 0 0.045 9431358 PO-COS-30791 self resistance unknown 9 0 0.090 9430194 PO-117490 OP highly resistant control 4 1 25.091 9430235 PO-OSU-CF1 OP medium resistance control 1 0 0.0
93 9431151 PO-SRM13-01 selffast dying susceptible
control 7 3 42.929
10 Minute Trail – SSNERR 2012 8251 & 8254.jpg
Dead seedling from Sow#93 Living seedling
10 Minute Trial: Dying seedling in resistant 117490 OP family (Sow#90) 8256 & 8257.jpg
SSNERR staff (Tom Gaskill, Don Smith, and _____), DGRC: Sunny & Jen
(from DGRC 8255 & 8258.jpg)
Part of 2011 10 Minute Trail planting – in 2012 SSNERR 8264.jpg
SSNERR 2011b planting2011 SSNERR planting
Sow seed_ID Access_F Access_M resistance Blk A Blk B Blk C Blk D
Total study trees
Dead 7/18/12
% mortality 7/18/12
8 9431437 PO-COS-30305 self resistance unknown* 5 4 5 4 18 1 5.612 9431462 PO-MED-10480 self resistance unknown 3 2 3 4 12 1 8.314 9431474 PO-PRI-60850 self resistance unknown 4 4 4 4 16 1 6.317 9431488 PO-SIS-40522 self resistance unknown 6 3 4 13 0 0.027 9431467 PO-MED-11338 self resistance unknown 5 4 4 4 17 1 5.936 9430732 PO-DOR-70046 self resistance unknown 3 3 4 3 13 1 7.740 9431451 PO-DOR-70047 self resistance unknown 4 4 4 4 16 1 6.390 9430194 PO-117490 OP highly resistant control 5 5 5 5 20 0 0.091 9430235 PO-OSU-CF1 OP medium resistance control 6 6 5 5 22 0 0.093 9431151 PO-SRM13-01 self fast dying susceptible control 5 3 5 4 17 2 11.896 9430196 PO-117499 OP fast dying susceptible control 6 6 6 5 23 3 13.0
187
*will be updated from greenhouse trials
SSNERR 2011 plantingCorners of blocks A & B are marked with red/black flagging to help distinguish this planting from the adjacent 2012 planting.
Dead and live POC are interspersed through and surround planting.
Blocks C & D are planted in a separate area (above and left).
POC overstory (many dead) in area of 2011 POC resistance trial
2011b POC trial (Blocks C & D)
2011b POC Trial (further up Hinch Road) – several seedlingsof 117499 OP have died in this part of the planting (8284.jpg)
Wooded area between 2011 trial
and road
SSNERR 2011b plantingBlock A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 8 90 96 36 36 93 93 91 91 40
2 8 90 96 12 36 93 27 91 91 40 17
3 8 90 96 12 36 93 27 91 14 40 17
4 8 90 96 12 17 93 27 91 14 40 17
5 8 90 96 96 17 27 27 14 14 17
6 27 8 8 96 96 36 91 93 93
7 27 90 8 96 96 36 91 14
8 27 90 8 40 96 36 91 14
9 27 90 8 40 96 12 91 93 14
10 90 90 40 40 12 91 91 14 Block B
Dead 7/18/12 Fading 7/18/12
Block C Block D1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 8 91 91 96 96 27 40 1 8 14 14 90 90 27 27
2 8 91 91 36 96 27 40 2 8 14 93 90 90 27 91
3 8 91 12 36 96 27 40 3 8 14 93 96 90 27 91
4 8 12 36 96 27 40 4 8 36 93 96 12 40 91
5 8 93 12 36 96 90 14 5 17 36 96 12 40 91
6 93 93 17 90 90 14 6 17 36 93 96 12 40 91
7 93 93 17 17 90 90 14 14 7 17 17 96 96 12 40 91
Dead 7/18/12 Fading 7/18/12
A few seedlings exhibited this top-down necrosis. Stem did not look girdled. Samples were taken from margin of discoloration for PCR.
Dead POC from 117499 OP in 2011 trial – June 2012
Sow Year 2011 seedlings planted in 2012 Trial at SSNERR – Hinch road area 8267 & 8268.jpg
Corners of blocks are marked with wooden signs.
SSNERR 2012 planting
BLOCK 1 COLUMN1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 51 1 54 3
2 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
3 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
4 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
5 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
6 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
7 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
8 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
9 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
10 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
11 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
12 6 107 30 4 9 2 10 8 7 15 12 51 1 54 3
BLOCK 2 COLUMN1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
13 1 2 8 107 7 3 6 30 4 15 51 10 9
14 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
15 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
16 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
17 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
18 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
19 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
20 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
21 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
22 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 10 9
23 1 2 8 107 7 12 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 9
24 1 2 8 107 7 3 6 30 54 4 15 51 9
Dead 7/18/12 Fading 7/18/12
REPLACE TAGS NEXT VISIT
BLOCK 3 COLUMN16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
54
54 1 6 2 3 4 9 15 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 15 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 15 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 15 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 15 107 10 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 15 107 10 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 15 107 10 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 107 10 51 7 8 30
54 12 1 6 2 3 4 9 10 51 7 8 30
54 6 2 4 10 8 30
6 30
6 2 30
30
BLOCK 4 COLUMN
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 30 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 10 54 30 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 51 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 51 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 30 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 51 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 30 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 30 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 30 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 10 9 54 30 3 15
2 6 1 7 8 51 107 12 4 9 30 3 159
POC seedling in 2012 trial – note dead foliage
in lower crown 8265.jpgThis symptom was very common in the 2012 planting. Especially in three families: 117499xOP (Sow #2), 117500x117341 (Sow #7), and SIS-41427xCOS-30881 (Sow# 15). Personally, I think most of these will grow out of it. This area is shady and damp. I think that may have something to do with the dead foliage (SL).
2012 POC Trial at SSNERR (many of the larger POC are dead from P. lateralis
Block 2 of 2012 POC trial at SSNERR
Tag on one of the original field selections from
SSNERR (Tree 7)? (We’re not sure if these are actually selections for our program, or if they were numbered for another project. I need to contact Katy Mallams and see if she knows anything about this. )
Tree # Status1 alive2 alive3 alive5 alive6 alive7 alive
12 dead14 dead
? - unreadable alive? - unreadable alive
Large dead POC trees above 2012 planting at SSNERR
Still need to• Add directions to file• Add GPS coordinates to
file• Contact Katy Mallams
regarding metal-tagged trees
• Try to find original selections using GPS coordinates and road logs
Summary
• Trials well established• Brush is currently not a problem in trials• Some P. lateralis mortality present, but at low level
through July 2012• Due to retirements of some FS & BLM personnel --
The location of the original candidate trees (tested for P. lateralis resistance) is uncertain – and/or the numbering on some of the large trees in the seedling trials is coded (temporary numbers) – this will need to be sorted out on FS end.
Possible Future Activities• SSNERR personnel (and possibly students, etc) to keep an eye on
trials to note any significant mortality events.• DGRC & SSNERR personnel to stay in contact regarding the trials,
possible education experiences for schools (such as students collecting data - doing measurements) – baseline height data might be good to have to gauge future growth against
• Trials may need periodic retagging and/or brushing• DGRC to update SSNERR on results of trials and POC resistance
information• Further discussions of other restoration and/or trial opportunities.• Other?
