Port constitutive elements & boundaries Trafi seminar - Helsinki, September, 16 & 17 2014

Port constitutive elements & boundaries

Trafi seminar - Helsinki, September, 16 & 17 2014

EU Commission -Technical Aspects of Port Area Security (TAPS II) developed in accordance with Annex I of the Administrative Arrangement No TREN/08/ST/S07/95282 between DG MOVE and DG JRC

• TAPS II study addressed the security of the EU port areas and the application of Directive 65/2005, including the protection of EU ports from the waterside.

• The work focused primarily on the methodology applied or applicable in EU ports for the efficient application of the directive and the technical/scientific aspects/means for its implementation.

TAPS II Purpose

• Legal requirements of Directive 65 • Port protection from the waterside • Definition of port boundaries • Security of facilities not being port facilities• Coordination of port facilities and port security

TAPS II Work planning – 5 work packages (WP):

• Definition and context – Systemic outlook of the port• Port boundaries• Waterside port area control (surface and underwater)• Public infrastructure and non-port facilities• Coordination aspects

TAPS II Terms of reference

The definition of ort boundariesContents

• Port evolution and consequences• Defining port boundaries : a complex approach• Crossed vulnerability in a complex environment• Boundaries as a phisical limit or as a domain• Port essential and cohesion elements• Proposal for port boundaries definition

Old ports - city ports• general cargo • close to core-part of hosting cities. • expansion of backup areas hardly possible

PORT EVOLUTION - A COMPLEX APPROACH - CROSSED VULNERABILITIES - PORT BOUNDARIES – PORT COHESION ELEMENTS – PROPOSALS

Port evolution• new port functions (e.g. industrial function)• new ships sizes• new operational requirements • containers and technological evolution of intermodal transport• ro – ro

ports changes


Consequences• impact on inter-land and inter-land connections (roads,

railways, waterways)• Need for new facilities and new locations

Port facilities moved toward peripheral or seaward areas, far from the core of hosting cities


• The three phases of port expansion according Any port model• The process caused port sites adjacent to towns to become

obsolete and to be abandoned, ready for a reconversion process.


• History, tradition, evolution and development, legal and administrative frameworks

port layout, port boundaries, links with hosting cities and “urban areas”.


The result of this evolution: the port layout• several factors involved: geographical, historical, political,

operational, etc.• New ports - old city ports


• ports and hosting city relations affected by several factors:- laws and rules, historical and social, geographical and morphological aspects, functional requirements, etc. • The waterfront: a complex struggle


How to define boundaries in a complex environment

• Minimum effort approach• Functional approach• Port lay-out approach


The systemic approach

• the port is a complex entity resulting to a complex security system

• all port areas which have a role in the economy of the port• port operations are the complex result of combined activities

which have their centres inside the port.• vulnerabilities and risks according a more complex evaluation


• The use of a systemic approach will help in:• including all the important or essential functions of the port;• considering crossed vulnerabilities among port areas and the

entire port;• avoiding too fragmented boundaries;• reaching a proper rate of coherence in port security measures• adding value to the security of port areas and facilities in

comparison to the other considered approaches.


• According this approach the vulnerability of a system depends on the vulnerability of all its components

• A more complete vision of the port system does not imply the automatic application of similar security measures

• Security measures are to be defined according clusters of similar areas


Security crossed vulnerabilities

Vulnerability of area XX

Influence as an adjacent area

Vulnerability Of area YY

HAZAMAT

Influence on port services

Vulnerability of the entire

port


Definition of port boundaries• Boundaries as a physical limit• Boundaries as a domain

2 interlinked concepts : - How boundaries should be defined? - what a port should consist of?


Port boundaries as a physical limit• land boundaries• Waterside boundaries: - one of the most important essential elements of the ports; - strong port cohesion element between different port facilities and port areas - a clear postulate of art. 3.1 of the Directive 65/2005


Port boundaries as a domain

Parameters affecting port boundaries definition • port cohesion elements• Freight type, geographic location, sea and land access, urban

aspect • port size• Cross coupled vulnerability• Need for homogenous & continuous security measures• port area clusters


Port essential elements• PFs• main port infrastructure• water zones and access• inland access• essential port services • general port services• emergency services• Other


Port essential elements = cohesion elements• PFs• main port infrastructure• water zones and access• inland access• essential port services • general port services• emergency services• Other


Port boundary definition process

2 consequent phases : a) port essential elements definitionb) port additional elements definition


1° Phase• Identification of all port essential constitutive elements• Identification of a list of port facilities• Mapping of port cohesion elements vs port facilities• Identification of relation and interdipendence between port

facilities and port constitutive elements

Identification of port essential elements including a list of port facilities as part of the same port


Cohesion Elements

Port A Identification

PF 1 PF 2 PF 3 PF 4

Main infrastructure

Breakwater, dockside FS PS PS --

Essential services

Pilotage, towage, mooring, boatmen PS PS PS PS

Water zones Corridor as per map, anchorages FS PS -- --

Inland access Access to national highway PS PS -- --

General services

Bunkering, supplies, waste reception PS PS -- --

Emergency services

….. FS FS FS FS

Supporting services

…. PS PS PS PS

Other …… PS PS PS PS

FS Share fully, if the element of cohesion is, at a great extent, shared with Port A PS Share partially, if the element of cohesion is only marginally shared with Port A -- No sharing, if the element of cohesion is not shared at all with Port A


Completing the process2° Phase• Identification of additional elements• Verification of the port layout• Consideration of crossed vulnerabilities (waterzones) and

Permeability to external agents • Identification of smart pragmatic solutions (orography, roads

network, port infrastructure)• Avoiding too fragmented boundaries


• identification of additional elements (areas, assets, infrastructure)


Area classification Additional elements Priority

A 1 (non-operational) Power supply, sector 1 1

A 2 (non-operational) Industrial area, sector 2 2

A 3 (public) Restaurants, shops and pubs, sector 3 3

A 4 (public) Parking, sector 4 1

A 4 (public) Railways station, sector 3 2

A 5 ….. ….. …… ….

1 Priority 1: to be included 2 Priority 2: to be considered 3 Not to be included

The final goal :

The definition of port boundaries


Additional notes• careful consideration should be given to the presence

(permanent or occasional) of dangerous goods• The inclusion of an area in the port security boundaries

doesn’t mean that it has to be fenced or submitted to access restrictions

• clusters of homogenous areas, in terms of access restrictions, risks and potential incident effects should be identified

• Areas not considered in this process will be out of the application of any security measures and will not contribute to the security of the port at all.


Port boundary definition process

• Guidelines for the definition of port boundaries under Directive 2005/65/EC developed by DG MOVE and agreed by Members States within the MARSEC Committee

• MARSEC 5110 – Rev.1

Thank you for your attention!

Cmdr Massimo Mosconi

Italian Coast Guard- Genoa District Office

Via Magazzini Generali n. 4

16123- GENOVA (ITALY)

+39 010 2777496

[email protected]

Documents

Port constitutive elements & boundaries Trafi seminar - Helsinki, September, 16 & 17 2014