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Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

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Page 1: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Population genetics is all about gene frequencies

Evolution = a change in gene frequenciesNo change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Page 2: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Page 3: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Page 4: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Page 5: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

HemoglobinStructure2 alpha chains (C 16): 141 aa2 beta chains (C. 11): 146 aa

Natural selection in humansE.g., hemoglobin

Page 6: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Sickle cell anemia

Sixth code word from one end of the beta gene.

HbA HbS

Possible genotypes

HbA/HbAHbA/HbSHbS/HbS

Page 7: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Relationship : malaria and sickle cell anemia

Distribution of HbS Distribution of malaria

Page 8: Population genetics is all about gene frequencies Evolution = a change in gene frequencies No change = genetic equilibrium = absence of evolution

Malaria

HbA/HbSResists malarialparasite

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