Population Ecology PowerPoint – Environmental Science

7/28/2019 Population Ecology PowerPoint Environmental Science

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Human population and Urbanization


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Ability of the earths various systems,including human cultural systems andeconomics, to survive and adapt to changing

environmental conditions indefinitely.


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Urban areas where one-half the worldspopulation lives.

Very few are environmentally sustainable


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Ecocity or Green City what is it?

3 million people

1969 - efficient and inexpensive transportation

system;

72% of the population relies on this system;

All high-rise apartments have stores on the first

two floors; Cars are banned from 49 blocks, bike paths and

pedestrian walkways are most everywhere


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Flood-prone areas are major parks;

1.5 million tress throughout the city;

Need a permit to cut down trees and two trees

must be replaced somewhere else;

Curitiba recycles 70% of its paper, 60% metal,glass and plastic;

All school children study ecology and 95% ofthe population can read and write;

Jaime Lerner 3-time mayor


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Curitiba, Brazil
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRD3l3rlMpohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRD3l3rlMpo


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Population size increases because of births andimmigration and decreases through deaths andemigration.

The average number of children born towomen in a population (total fertility rate) isthe key factor that determines the populationsize.

Global Population Growth Rate & NationalPopulation Growth Rate

Decreasing in many countries but increasing in

India and Africa.


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5.6 billion are in developing countries growing 15 times faster than developedcountries;

Developing countries are least equipped todeal with the pressures of rapid growth;

Our activities have directly affected 83% of theearths land surface.


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What is the relationship between populationgrowth and resource consumption per person?

1 and 5 people (1.4 billion) do not have basicnecessities.

Food, clean water, shelter, proper sanitation


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United Nations reports 42% of all pregnanciesin developing countries are unplanned, and26% end in abortion.

As countries develop , populations tend togrow slower;

Educating girls and giving them access to birthcontrol reduces population growth;

Family planning including birth spacing, birthcontrol, good health care for pregnant womenand infants.


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Replacement level fertility ( or zeropopulation growth).

China between 1972 & 2007 reduced Total

Fertility Rate form 5.7 child per women to 1.6(averages)

China has also moved 350 million people out ofpoverty

Projected in 2025 - 1.5 billion


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India faces a number of poverty issues:malnutrition and environmental problems;

Indian women have (average) 2.9 children

1952

400 million

2007 1.1 billion

2025 projected to be 1.4 billion

Most poor, rural families (world wide) believethey need large families to help with work;

Family planning is available but not animportant part of the culture.


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USA 349 million

Indonesia 271 million

Brazil 229 million

Russia - 128 million

Japan - 119 million


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Rural people are pulled toward urban areas why?

Global population in urban areas is increasing

Each week 1 million people are added to theworlds urban areas.

Urban sprawl moves outward.

What are the disadvantages?


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Unsustainable Systems urban populationsconsume 75% of the lands resources

High Resource Input most of the worlds

cities are not self-sustaining systems Lack of vegetation

Water problems

Pollution and health problems Climate and artificial light


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Lack of proper, affordable housing

Poor health care

Poor education

Inadequate access to healthy food

What else?


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What are some possible ways to improve urbanliving?

What correlation does this have with the

environment?

Documents

Population Ecology PowerPoint – Environmental Science