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Pollination and Fertilisation. Self-pollination Pollen from the anther is transferred to the stigma. Pollination. Pollen from the anther of one plant is transferred to the the stigma of a different plant. Cross Pollination. Wind Pollinated Flowers. Wind/Insect Pollination. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Self-pollination
Pollen from the anther is transferred to the stigma
Pollen from the anther of one plant is transferred to the the stigma of a different plant
Feature Reasonsmall petals, often brown or dull green
no need to attract insects
no scent no need to attract insects
no nectar no need to attract insects
pollen produced in great quantities
because most does not reach another flower
pollen very light and smooth so it can be blown in the wind
anthers loosely attached and dangle out
to release pollen into thewind
stigma hangs outside the flower
to catch the drifting pollen
stigma feathery or net like to catch the drifting pollen
Wind Pollinated Flowers
Feature Reason
large, brightly coloured petals to attract insects
often sweetly scented to attract insects
usually contain nectar to attract insects
moderate quantity of pollen less wastage than with wind pollination
pollen often sticky or spiky to stick to insects
anthers firm and inside flower to brush against insects
stigma inside the flower so that the insect brushes against it
stigma has sticky coating pollen sticks to it
Insect Pollinated Flowers
Many plants reproduce successfully through assexual reproduction.
Others use sexual reproduction to pass on their genetic material.
This is challenging because most plants do not move.
In animals the product of sexual reproduction is the zygote.
In plants the product of sexual reproduction is the seed.
The seed contains an embryo, a food supply and a seed coat (protects seed from dehydration).
Plants can be classified into two groups based on their seed type.
Subdivided into two groups -- Seedless vascular plants and Seed-bearing vascular plants
Club MossClub Moss
Includes club moss), horsetails whisk ferns and ferns
HorsetailsHorsetailsWhisk fernsWhisk ferns
Includes two groups – Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
Gymnosperms have naked seeds in cones
Angiosperms have flowers that produce seeds to attract pollinators and produce seeds
Contains the oldest living plant – Bristle cone pine
Contains the tallest living plant – Sequoia or redwood
Gymnosperms do not produce flowers. Seeds are produced inside cones. Their seeds have a coat but they are
not enclosed in a case.