Politics, Foreign Aid, and Influenza: Cambodia and Beyond

8/11/2019 Politics, Foreign Aid, and Influenza: Cambodia and Beyond

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Politics, Foreign Aid, and Influenza:

ambodia and Beyond

Assistant Professor

Sophal Ear, PhD

National Security Affairs

Naval Postgraduate Schoolhttp://faculty.nps.edu/sear

UC Berkeley Summer Institute

for the Global Generation-IG3


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Table of Contents

II. Timeline

III. Policy Narratives

.Political Economy

Process


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I. Intro: Cambodias response to

g o a pu c ea cr s s


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Intro: Global responses affect on


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Awash in donor money, Cambodia


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Goal: reduce pandemic potential that


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A Few Words on Methodolo Qualitative research methodology- - -

across govt, private sector, & NGOs

e survey aunc e on ay

44 visits 17 responses


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II. TimelineContext Political Structure and Modern History

epen ence an our sm The Livestock Sector and Poultry in

Particular

Asian flu H2N2 Russian H1N1 H9N2 H5N1

Spanish (H1N1) HK flu H3N2 HPAI H5N1 H7N2 H7N3 H10N7


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TimelineMoments

Start: SARS (2002), A Wake-up Call;

Middle: HPAI Control Activities; From

n ma to uman ea t


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Emerging or Reemerging Disease


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2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

H5N1 Animal Outbreaks 04-08


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2007

2006

2008

2005

H5N1 Human Victims 05-08


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Enter Super Moan &


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TimelineMoments: Last Act


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III. Policy Narratives

Narrative 1: Cull without Compensation

rr ve : e w

Narrative 3: What about Poverty and

Livelihoods?


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Cull without Compensation


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Its Health Now!


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Poverty and Livelihoods


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Actors, Networks, and Interests6

5

4

3

2

Adapted from data originating from Avian Influenza and Pandemic Preparedness Funding Matrix Cambodia 2008-2009, see Table 1.5 in Annex 1.

1


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Network diagram on the relationship

FAO

UNICEF

UNDP

World Bank

WHO

UN System

OIE

ASEANAPDC

Tourism

IndustryDomestic Media

Pro & Anti-Government

International

Media

European Union

EU Commission

USA / USAID

CDC / NAMRU-2

AED

(American NGO)MEDiCAM

WCS

(Wildlife NGO)World Vision

MoH

Garment

Industry

Japan

Foreign Aid+150 other NGOs

CARE

National

Committee

for Disaster

Management

Govt

Campaign

IEC

Narrative

IFRC Finland

Red Cross

RHAC

CIRAD

Canada

CIDA

AVSF (Vets &

Pasteur

Institute

DAHP &

NAVRI

Prime

Minister

CambodianRed

Cross

Backyard

Holders of

Poultry

Australia

AusAID

China

Asian

DevelopmentBank

MAFFC.P. Cambodia


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With respect to Avian Influenza, the Royal Government

appropriately, given resource allocations.

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly N/A

Agree Disagree

(a) Among humans: 6% 50% 25% 6% 0% 13%

1 8 4 1 0 2

(b) Among animals: 7% 47% 40% 0% 0% 7%

1 7 6 0 0 1(c) Protecting livelihoods: 8% 25% 25% 17% 0% 25%

1 3 3 2 0 3

(d) Pandemic preparation: 13% 47% 13% 13% 0% 13%

2 7 2 2 0 2

(e) Other 17% 0% 0% 0% 0% 83%

1 0 0 0 0 5


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With respect to Avian Influenza, Donors (including all

non-Royal Government of Cambodia entities whether

appropriately, given resource allocations.Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly N/A

Agree Disagree

(a) Among humans: 18% 59% 12% 0% 0% 12%

3 10 2 0 0 2

(b) Among animals: 7% 60% 33% 0% 0% 0%

1 9 5 0 0 0

(c) Protecting l ivelihoods: 0% 38% 31% 15% 0% 15%

0 5 4 2 0 2

(d) Pandemic preparation: 7% 36% 29% 7% 0% 21%

1 5 4 1 0 3

0 0 0 0 0 0


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IV. Understanding the Political

Economy of the Policy Process

Beyond Aid: Other Sources of Revenue

Bureaucratic Politics and Patronage

Media pin


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Cambodias AI & Pandemic

Preparedness Pie (2008-2009)

Animal health

$2,077,861 , (9%)

$8,944,457 , (40%)$5,031,076 , (23%)

uman ea

Information,education,communication

(IEC)Pandemicpreparedness

, , ,

Source: Avian Influenza and Pandemic Preparedness Funding Matrix Cambodia 2008-2009, see Table 1.5 in Annex 1.


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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeL3pM8L8DA

16 minute video

Available in two parts on

YouTube under the title:

Cambodia: THE BIRD FLU

"PANDEMIC" HOAX!


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V. Conclusion: Key challenges,

obstacles and opportunities

Government and Donors motivated by other

Revisiting Compensation

effectiveness elsewhere


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building its technical capacity & financial

Ultimate responsibility for success or

chargeauthorities themselves


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C t i i S i Fl i M i


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Containing Swine Flu in Mexico

With Anxiety

http://www.healthmap.org/en

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SR5oOvHfH4s

http://video.nytimes.com/video/2009/05/05/world/1194840007802/swine-flu-fills-mexico-city-with-

anxiety.html?scp=5&sq=swine&st=cse (5:17mins)


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FEEL the swine flu(Australia)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=

jwm45MHV2jM (stop at 1:24)


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CDC: H1N1

(Swine Flu). .

com/watch?v=85sD

83aRUIQ5: m ns


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Announcement htt ://www. oost.com/

094x0fj/t/Letterman-

Swine-Flu-Announcement#id=09

4x0fj (1:29min)


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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=

ASibLqwVbsk


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-

US-CDC Private View

res ent s v sors

President Ford The Media


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. .

m/watch?v=Ro1WL5ketWg (9 minutes)

http://www.youtube.co

m/watch?v=H0aIoa97X5k (7:21 minutes)

Documents

Politics, Foreign Aid, and Influenza: Cambodia and Beyond