Political and Economic Systems

World GeographyCy-Woods HS

Political SpectrumM

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Economic Spectrum

Political Systems

• Tell us how power is distributed within a region.

Democracy

• People hold all political power.

• Ex. Ancient Greece

Democracy

• Is the U.S. a democracy?

Democracy Index

Lighter = more democratic

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Democracy

Republic

• People have the power through elected representatives.

• Ex. U.S., Germany, India

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DemocracyRepublic

Theocracy• A system of

government in which religious leaders rule in the name of God.

• Ex. Iran (Vatican City)

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DemocracyRepublicTheocracy

Absolute Monarchy

• Absolute power among his or her people. • An absolute monarch wields unrestricted political

power over the sovereign state and its people.

• Ex: Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Dubai

Constitutional Monarchy

• king or queen acts as Head of State. The ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament, not with the Monarch

• ex. United Kingdom, Belgium,Sweden, Norway

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DemocracyRepublicTheocracyConstitutional MonarchyAbsolute Monarchy

Dictatorship

• An individual or group holds complete political power (by force.)

• ex. North Korea (under Kim Jong-il), Germany (under Hitler), Soviet Union (under Stalin)

Totalitarian (Dictatorship)

• Often times the people do vote, but it doesn’t matter who they vote for.

• No term limits

• Some do have popular support.

Political SpectrumM

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DemocracyRepublicTheocracyConstitutional MonarchyAbsolute Monarchy

Dictatorship/Totalitarian

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator!

Name That Dictator!

Add communism

Economic System

• Tied to the country’s political system.

• The way people produce and exchange goods and services.

• 3 basic types:

Modern Economic Spectrum

Command Economy Free EnterpriseSocialism

more government less government

Command Economy

• Also known as communist economy

• ex) Cuba and North Korea

Command Economy

• Government controls the factors of production.

• determine job, own the land, etc.

Command Economy

• Government determines the distribution of goods and services.

• ration food/supplies, who can own what

Command Economy

• Government provides all basic needs.

• healthcare, shelter, etc.

Free Enterprise (Capitalism)

• Also known as market or capitalist economy

• ex) U.S.

Free Enterprise (Capitalism)• Private ownership of

factors of production.

• People own the land, businesses, money, etc.

Free Enterprise (Capitalism)• Consumer demand

controls production and distribution.

• things are made because people want them

• market

Free Enterprise (Capitalism)• Government provides

few/no basic needs.

• social programs, welfare, etc.

Socialism

• Also known as mixed economy

• ex) France, India, China

Socialism

• Major factors of production owned by government.

• energy, healthcare, etc.

• private owners too

Socialism

• Distribution of goods and services determined by both.

• a blend

Socialism

• Government provides some basic needs.

• healthcare, more extensive social programs, welfare, etc.

• Emphasis on “being fair” to all.

Levels of economic activities• Just remember the POTATO…

Primary Activities• Getting the raw materials for immediate use

or in the making of a final product.• fishing, farming,

timber, mining

Don’t be a potato farmer!

Secondary Activities• Adding value to materials by changing their

form.• Manufacturing• Mark an advancingeconomy.

Turn those potatoes into?.

Or oil into?

Tertiary Activities• Providing business or professional services.• Usually seen in developed economies.

Sell french fries for business.

Quaternary Activities

• Provide information, management, and research services by highly trained persons.

• only in placeswith the highest level of economicdevelopment

Study potatoes and alter them.Study potatoes and alter them.

No, it’s not real.